الوحدة 10 - 10 أ

democratically

ظرف

/dɛ.mək.ræ.tɪk.li/ or /دِ.مِك.رَ.تيك.لي/

d

d

د

e

ɛ

اِ

m

m

م

o

ə

اِ

c

k

ك

r

r

ر

a

æ

اَ

t

t

ت

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

c

k

ك

a

ll

l

ل

y

i

اي

(بطرق ديمقراطية)

بشكل ديمقراطي

in a manner that is based on principles of democracy

egalitarian

صفة

/ɪ.gæ.lə.tɛ.riən/ or /اي.كَ.لِ.تِ.ريِن/

e

ɪ

اي~اِ

g

g

ك

a

æ

اَ

l

l

ل

i

ə

اِ

t

t

ت

a

ɛ

اِ

r

r

ر

ia

iə

اياِ

n

n

ن

(عادل)

مُتَساوي

supporting the notion that all humans are equal and should be given equal rights

collateral

اسم

/kə.læ.tɜ.rəl/ or /كِ.لَ.تِ.رِل/

c

k

ك

o

ə

اِ

ll

l

ل

a

æ

اَ

t

t

ت

e

ɜ

اِ

r

r

ر

a

ə

اِ

l

l

ل

(تأمين القرض)

ضمانة

a loan guarantee that may be taken away if the loan is not repaid

momentum

اسم

/moʊ.mɛn.təm/ or /مُو.مِن.تِم/

m

m

م

o

oʊ

اُاو~اُ

m

m

م

e

ɛ

اِ

n

n

ن

t

t

ت

u

ə

اِ

m

m

م

(دافع)

زخم

the force or energy that propels a process, idea, or endeavor, enabling it to continue moving, progressing, or gaining strength

law enforcement

اسم

/lˈɔː ɛnfˈoːɹsmənt/

(تطبيق القانون)

تنفيذ القانون

the activities carried out by individuals or organizations in ensuring that laws are obeyed, and offenders are brought to justice

ethnic

صفة

/ɛθ.nɪk/ or /اِث.نيك/

e

ɛ

اِ

th

θ

ث

n

n

ن

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

c

k

ك

(ثقافي)

عرقي

relating to a group of people with shared culture, tradition, history, language, etc.

diversity

اسم

/dɪ.vɜr.sə.ti/ or /دي.وِر.سِ.تي/

d

d

د

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

v

v

و

e

ɜ

اِ

r

r

ر

s

s

س

i

ə

اِ

t

t

ت

y

i

اي

(تنوع ثقافي)

تنوع

the presence of a variety of distinct characteristics within a group

right

اسم

/raɪt/ or /رايت/

r

r

ر

i

aɪ

آاي~اِ

gh

t

t

ت

(حقوق)

حق

a thing that someone is legally, officially, or morally allowed to do or have

civic

صفة

/sɪ.vɪk/ or /سي.ويك/

c

s

س

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

v

v

و

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

c

k

ك

(بلدي)

مدني

officially relating to or connected with a city or town

distribution

اسم

/dɪst.rə.bju.ʃən/ or /ديست.رِ.بيو.شِن/

d

d

د

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

s

s

س

t

t

ت

r

r

ر

i

ə

اِ

b

b

ب

u

ju

ياو

t

ʃ

ش

io

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

(تقسيم)

توزيع

the act of giving a share of something to a group of people in an organized way

common good

اسم

/kˈɑːmən ɡˈʊd/

(الصالح العام)

الرفاه العام

the benefit or welfare of all members of a community or society, rather than the interests of a single individual or group

majority rule

اسم

/mədʒˈɔːɹɪɾi ɹˈuːl/

(حكم الأغلبية)

قاعدة الأغلبية

a decision-making system in which the option that receives more than half of the votes is considered the winning option

responsibility

اسم

/ris.pɑn.sə.bɪ.lə.ti/ or /ريس.بان.سِ.بي.لِ.تي/

r

r

ر

e

i

اي

s

s

س

p

p

ب

o

ɑ

آ

n

n

ن

s

s

س

i

ə

اِ

b

b

ب

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

l

l

ل

i

ə

اِ

t

t

ت

y

i

اي

(التزام)

مسؤولية

the obligation to perform a particular duty or task that is assigned to one

equal opportunity

اسم

/ˈiːkwəl ɑːpɚtˈuːnɪɾi/

(المساواة في الفرص)

فرص متكافئة

the principle that everyone should have an equal chance to succeed or access certain opportunities, regardless of their race, gender, age, religion, etc.

mainstream

اسم

/meɪn.strim/ or /مِين.اِستريم/

m

m

م

ai

eɪ

اِاي~اِ

n

n

ن

s

s

س

t

t

ت

r

r

ر

ea

i

اي

m

m

م

(السائد)

التيار الرئيسي

the opinions, activities, or methods that are considered normal because they are accepted by a majority of people

reactionary

صفة

/riæk.ʃə.nɛ.ri/ or /ريَك.شِ.نِ.ري/

r

r

ر

ea

iæ

اياَ

c

k

ك

t

ʃ

ش

io

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

a

ɛ

اِ

r

r

ر

y

i

اي

(مقاوم للتغيير)

رجعي

strongly against any political or social changes or any new ideas

secular

صفة

/sɛk.jə.lɜr/ or /سِك.يِ.لِر/

s

s

س

e

ɛ

اِ

c

k

ك

u

j

ي

ə

اِ

l

l

ل

a

ɜ

اِ

r

r

ر

(غير ديني)

علماني

not concerned or connected with religion

alternative

اسم

/ɔl.tɜr.neɪ.tɪv/ or /اُل.تِر.نِي.تيو/

a

ɔ

آ~اُ

l

l

ل

t

t

ت

e

ɜ

اِ

r

r

ر

n

n

ن

a

ə

اِ

t

t

ت

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

v

v

و

e

(اختيار)

بديل

any of the available possibilities that one can choose from

class-based

صفة

/klˈæsbˈeɪst/

(المبني على الطبقات)

المعتمد على الطبقات

(of a system) organized or structured according to social or economic classes, where individuals are grouped based on their social status, income level, or occupation

moderate

صفة

/mɑ.dɜ.reɪt/ or /ما.دِ.رِيت/

m

m

م

o

ɑ

آ

d

d

د

e

ɜ

اِ

r

r

ر

a

eɪ

اِاي~اِ

t

t

ت

e

(وسطي)

معتدل

(of a person or ideology) not extreme or radical and considered reasonable by a majority of people

radical

صفة

/ræ.də.kəl/ or /رَ.دِ.كِل/

r

r

ر

a

æ

اَ

d

d

د

i

ə

اِ

c

k

ك

a

ə

اِ

l

l

ل

(راديكالي)

جذري

(of actions, ideas, etc.) very new and different from the norm