Law

punitive damages

اسم

/pjˈuːnɪtˌɪv dˈæmɪdʒᵻz/

(أضرار تأديبية)

تعويضات عقابية

an extra financial compensation awarded in a lawsuit to punish the defendant for bad behavior and deter future wrongdoing

to co-sign

فعل

/kˈoʊsˈaɪn/

(وقع معًا)

شارك في التوقيع

to sign a document or agreement jointly with another person, taking equal responsibility for fulfilling its terms

intestacy

اسم

/ɪn.tɛs.tə.si/ or /اين.تِس.تِ.سي/

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

n

n

ن

t

t

ت

e

ɛ

اِ

s

s

س

t

t

ت

a

ə

اِ

c

s

س

y

i

اي

(حالة عدم وصية)

عدم وجود وصية

the condition of dying without a valid will, leaving the distribution of one's estate to be determined by the laws of intestate succession rather than specific instructions in a will

bar

اسم

/bɑr/ or /بار/

b

b

ب

a

ɑ

آ

r

r

ر

(الحدود)

الحاجز

the physical railing or barrier in a courtroom that separates participants from the judge

litigator

اسم

/lɪ.tə.geɪ.tɜr/ or /لي.تِ.كِي.تِر/

l

l

ل

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

t

t

ت

i

ə

اِ

g

g

ك

a

eɪ

اِاي~اِ

t

t

ت

o

ɜ

اِ

r

r

ر

(محامي النزاعات)

مقاضي

a lawyer who specializes in bringing a lawsuit against people or organizations in a court of law

probable cause

اسم

/pɹˈɑːbəbəl kˈɔːz/

(دليل معقول)

سبب محتمل

the reasonable suspicion that a crime has occurred or will occur

injunction

اسم

/ɪn.ʤənk.ʃən/ or /اين.جِنك.شِن/

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

n

n

ن

j

ʤ

ج

u

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

c

k

ك

t

ʃ

ش

io

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

(الإنذار القضائي)

أمر قضائي

a legal order from a court that requires a party to do or refrain from doing a specific action

affidavit

اسم

/æ.fə.deɪ.vət/ or /اَ.فِ.دِي.وِت/

a

æ

اَ

ff

f

ف

i

ə

اِ

d

d

د

a

eɪ

اِاي~اِ

v

v

و

i

ə

اِ

t

t

ت

(تصريح خطي)

إفادة

a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court

deposition

اسم

/dɛ.pə.zɪ.ʃən/ or /دِ.بِ.زي.شِن/

d

d

د

e

ɛ

اِ

p

p

ب

o

ə

اِ

s

z

ز

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

t

ʃ

ش

io

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

(شهادة)

إفادة

a recorded testimony given outside of court by a witness or party involved in a legal case, used as evidence in future proceedings

notary

اسم

/noʊ.tɜ.ri/ or /نُو.تِ.ري/

n

n

ن

o

oʊ

اُاو~اُ

t

t

ت

a

ɜ

اِ

r

r

ر

y

i

اي

(كاتب عدل)

موثق

an official authorized to conduct particular legal formalities, especially to make documents legally acceptable

adjournment

اسم

/ə.ʤɜrn.mənt/ or /اِ.جِرن.مِنت/

a

ə

اِ

d

j

ʤ

ج

ou

ɜ

اِ

r

r

ر

n

n

ن

m

m

م

e

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

t

t

ت

(استراحة)

تأجيل

the temporary suspension or postponement of a legal proceeding or meeting

docket

اسم

/dɑ.kət/ or /دا.كِت/

d

d

د

o

ɑ

آ

ck

k

ك

e

ə

اِ

t

t

ت

(جدول القضايا)

قائمة القضايا

a list of cases scheduled for a court's consideration, including details such as case numbers, parties involved, and hearing dates

acquittal

اسم

/ək.wɪ.təl/ or /اِك.وي.تِل/

a

ə

اِ

c

k

ك

q

u

w

و

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

tt

t

ت

a

ə

اِ

l

l

ل

(براءة)

برىء

an official judgment in court of law that declares someone not guilty of the crime they were charged with

infraction

اسم

/ɪn.fræk.ʃən/ or /اين.فرَك.شِن/

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

n

n

ن

f

f

ف

r

r

ر

a

æ

اَ

c

k

ك

t

ʃ

ش

io

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

(انتهاك)

مخالفة

the act of breaking or not obeying a law, agreement, etc.

indictment

اسم

/ɪn.daɪt.mənt/ or /اين.دايت.مِنت/

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

n

n

ن

d

d

د

i

aɪ

آاي~اِ

c

t

t

ت

m

m

م

e

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

t

t

ت

(قرار اتهام)

تهمة

a formal accusation of a crime

parole

اسم

/pɜ.roʊl/ or /بِ.رُول/

p

p

ب

a

ɜ

اِ

r

r

ر

o

oʊ

اُاو~اُ

l

l

ل

e

(إطلاق سراح مشروط)

إفراج مشروط

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

to infringe

فعل

/ɪnf.rɪnʤ/ or /اينف.رينج/

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

n

n

ن

f

f

ف

r

r

ر

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

n

n

ن

g

ʤ

ج

e

(تجاوز)

انتهك

to violate someone's rights or property

to annul

فعل

/æ.nəl/ or /اَ.نِل/

a

æ

اَ

nn

n

ن

u

ə

اِ

l

l

ل

(فسخ)

إلغاء

to invalidate a legal agreement

subpoena

اسم

/sə.pi.nə/ or /سِ.بي.نِ/

s

s

س

u

ə

اِ

b

p

p

ب

oe

i

اي

n

n

ن

a

ə

اِ

(أمر استدعاء)

استدعاء

a legal document issued by a court or administrative agency, compelling an individual to appear as a witness, produce certain documents, or provide testimony in a legal proceeding

to exempt

فعل

/ɪ.gzɛmpt/ or /اي.كزِمبت/

e

ɪ

اي~اِ

x

gz

كز

e

ɛ

اِ

m

m

م

p

p

ب

t

t

ت

(يُسقط عن)

يُعفي

to officially excuse someone from a requirement or obligation

to remand

فعل

/rɪ.mænd/ or /ري.مَند/

r

r

ر

e

ɪ

اي~اِ

m

m

م

a

æ

اَ

n

n

ن

d

d

د

(أرجع القضية إلى محكمة أدنى)

أعاد القضية إلى محكمة أدنى

to send a case back to a court of lower authority for additional reconsideration or review

case law

اسم

/kˈeɪs lˈɔː/

(السوابق القضائية)

القانون القضائي

the body of law formed by judicial decisions and precedents established in past court cases, used as a basis for deciding similar issues in subsequent legal proceedings

to rescind

فعل

/ris.ɪnd/ or /ريس.ايند/

r

r

ر

e

i

اي

s

s

س

c

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

n

n

ن

d

d

د

(فسخ)

إلغاء

to officially cancel a law, decision, agreement, etc.

remit

اسم

/ri.mɪt/ or /ري.ميت/

r

r

ر

e

i

اي

m

m

م

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

t

t

ت

(إعادة نظر)

إحالة

the process of sending a legal case from one court to another for review or resolution, often due to jurisdictional or procedural reasons

ordinance

اسم

/ɔr.də.nəns/ or /اُر.دِ.نِنس/

o

ɔ

آ~اُ

r

r

ر

d

d

د

i

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

a

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

c

s

س

e

(تنظيم)

مرسوم

an official rule or order that is imposed by the law or someone with authority