الإقناع والخطاب

to calculate

فعل

/kælk.jə.leɪt/ or /كَلك.يِ.لِيت/

c

k

ك

a

æ

اَ

l

l

ل

c

k

ك

u

j

ي

ə

اِ

l

l

ل

a

eɪ

اِاي~اِ

t

t

ت

e

(قدر)

حسب

to form an opinion by considering the information at hand

to commit

فعل

/kə.mɪt/ or /كِ.ميت/

c

k

ك

o

ə

اِ

mm

m

م

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

t

t

ت

(أقرّ ب)

التزام

to state that one is bound to do something specific

to confer

فعل

/kən.fɜr/ or /كِن.فِر/

c

k

ك

o

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

f

f

ف

e

ɜ

اِ

r

r

ر

(تشاور)

تبادل الرأي

to exchange opinions and have discussions with others, often to come to an agreement or decision

to conform

فعل

/kən.fɔrm/ or /كِن.فُرم/

c

k

ك

o

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

f

f

ف

o

ɔ

آ~اُ

r

r

ر

m

m

م

(التوافق)

التكيف

to adjust oneself in order to align with new or different circumstances or expectations

to contend

فعل

/kən.tɛnd/ or /كِن.تِند/

c

k

ك

o

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

t

t

ت

e

ɛ

اِ

n

n

ن

d

d

د

(يassert)

يجادل

to argue the truth of something

contradictory

صفة

/kɑnt.rə.dɪk.tɜ.ri/ or /كانت.رِ.ديك.تِ.ري/

c

k

ك

o

ɑ

آ

n

n

ن

t

t

ت

r

r

ر

a

ə

اِ

d

d

د

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

c

k

ك

t

t

ت

o

ɜ

اِ

r

r

ر

y

i

اي

(مُعارضة)

متناقضة

(of statements, beliefs, facts, etc.) incompatible or opposed to one another, even if not strictly illogical

to echo

فعل

/ɛ.koʊ/ or /اِ.كُو/

e

ɛ

اِ

ch

k

ك

o

oʊ

اُاو~اُ

(توافق مع)

تكرار

to repeat opinions or statements of another person, particularly to show support or agreement

anti

حرف جر

/æn.ti/ or /اَن.تي/

a

æ

اَ

n

n

ن

t

t

ت

i

i

اي

(مضاد)

مناوئ

used to convey that one is against something

challenging

صفة

/ʧæ.lən.ʤɪng/ or /جَ.لِن.جينك/

ch

ʧ

ج

a

æ

اَ

ll

l

ل

e

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

g

ʤ

ج

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

n

n

ن

g

g

ك

(استفزازي)

تحدي

intending to provoke thought or discussion

credible

صفة

/krɛ.də.bəl/ or /كرِ.دِ.بِل/

c

k

ك

r

r

ر

e

ɛ

اِ

d

d

د

i

ə

اِ

b

b

ب

ə

اِ

l

l

ل

e

(جدير بالثقة)

موثوق

able to be believed or relied on

debatable

صفة

/də.beɪ.tə.bəl/ or /دِ.بِي.تِ.بِل/

d

d

د

e

ə

اِ

b

b

ب

a

eɪ

اِاي~اِ

t

t

ت

a

ə

اِ

b

b

ب

ə

اِ

l

l

ل

e

(مثار للجدل)

قابل للنقاش

subject to argument or disagreement

pronounced

صفة

/prə.naʊnst/ or /برِ.ناونست/

p

p

ب

r

r

ر

o

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

o

a

آ

u

ʊ

او~اُ

n

n

ن

c

s

س

e

d

t

ت

(بارز)

مُلحَظ

immediately noticed due to being apparent

then again

عبارة

/ðˈɛn ɐɡˈɛn/

N/A

used to add a statement that contradicts what one has just said

arguably

ظرف

/ɑr.gjuəb.li/ or /آر.كيوِب.لي/

a

ɑ

آ

r

r

ر

g

g

ك

u

ju

ياو

a

ə

اِ

b

b

ب

l

l

ل

y

i

اي

(من المحتمل أن)

يمكن القول

used to convey that a statement can be supported with reasons or evidence

favorably

ظرف

/feɪ.vɜ.rəb.li/ or /فِي.وِ.رِب.لي/

f

f

ف

a

eɪ

اِاي~اِ

v

v

و

o

ɜ

اِ

r

r

ر

a

ə

اِ

b

b

ب

l

l

ل

y

i

اي

(بشكل موافق)

بشكل إيجابي

in a positive, approving, or useful manner

as a matter of fact

عبارة

/æz ɐ mˈæɾɚɹ ʌv fˈækt/

N/A

Collocation

used to introduce a statement that presents a truth or reality, often to clarify or emphasize something

at the same time

عبارة

/æt ðə sˈeɪm tˈaɪm/

N/A

used to introduce a second fact that must be taken into account

for that matter

ظرف

/fɔːɹ ðæt mˈæɾɚ/

(وعلى نفس المنوال)

وبالمثل

used to convey that what one is saying about something is also true for another related thing

as far as something is concerned

عبارة

/æz ɔːɹ sˈoʊ fˌɑːɹ æz ˌɛstˌiːˈeɪtʃ ɪz kənsˈɜːnd/

N/A

Collocation

used to refer to the specific matter or topic being discussed or considered

clash

اسم

/klæʃ/ or /كلَش/

c

k

ك

l

l

ل

a

æ

اَ

sh

ʃ

ش

(تعارض)

صدام

a serious argument between two sides caused by their different views and beliefs

confrontation

اسم

/kɑnf.rən.teɪ.ʃən/ or /كانف.رِن.تِي.شِن/

c

k

ك

o

ɑ

آ

n

n

ن

f

f

ف

r

r

ر

o

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

t

t

ت

a

eɪ

اِاي~اِ

t

ʃ

ش

io

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

(مُواجهة)

تَصادُم

a situation of hostility or strong disagreement between two opposing individuals, parties, or groups

consistency

اسم

/kən.sɪs.tən.si/ or /كِن.سيس.تِن.سي/

c

k

ك

o

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

s

s

س

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

s

s

س

t

t

ت

e

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

c

s

س

y

i

اي

(الانتظام)

الاستمرارية

the quality of always acting or being the same way, or having the same opinions or standards

conviction

اسم

/kən.vɪk.ʃən/ or /كِن.ويك.شِن/

c

k

ك

o

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

v

v

و

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

c

k

ك

t

ʃ

ش

io

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

(إيمان)

قناعة

a belief or opinion that is very strong

critique

اسم

/krə.tik/ or /كرِ.تيك/

c

k

ك

r

r

ر

i

ə

اِ

t

t

ت

i

i

اي

q

k

ك

u

e

(تحليل)

نقد

a detailed judgment of something, such as a work of art, a political idea, etc.

don't-know

اسم

/dˈoʊntnˈoʊ/

(المترددين)

غير المحددين

someone who does not provide a definite answer for a question, particularly when being asked in a poll

cliche

اسم

/kli.ʃeɪ/ or /كلي.شِي/

c

k

ك

l

l

ل

i

i

اي

ch

ʃ

ش

e

eɪ

اِاي~اِ

(كليشيه)

عبارة مبتذلة

a remark or opinion that has been used so much that it is not effective anymore

double-edged

صفة

/dˈʌbəlˈɛdʒd/

(مُبهمة)

ذو وجهين

(of a comment) implying two distinct meanings

to that effect

عبارة

/tə ðæt ɪfˈɛkt/

N/A

used when one is providing the general meaning of written or spoken statement instead of the exact words

awesomesauce

صفة

/ɔ.səm.sɔ:s/ or /اُ.سِم.سُس/

a

ɔ:

آ~اُ

w

e

s

s

س

o

oʊ

اُاو~اُ

m

m

م

e

s

s

س

au

ɔ:

آ~اُ

c

s

س

e

(مذهل)

رائع جدًا

Informal

used to describe something as really great, satisfying, or interesting

sob story

اسم

/sˈɑːb stˈoːɹi/

(قصة دمعة)

قصة مؤثرة

a story told in order to gain the sympathy of other people, particularly one that seems to be fake