الحوار والخطاب

to invoke

فعل

/ɪn.voʊk/ or /اين.وُوك/

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

n

n

ن

v

v

و

o

oʊ

اُاو~اُ

k

k

ك

e

(استدعى)

استشهد

to mention someone or something of prominence as a support or reason for an argument or action

to plead

فعل

/plid/ or /بليد/

p

p

ب

l

l

ل

ea

i

اي

d

d

د

(طلب)

دعا

to state something as an excuse

to point

فعل

/pɔɪnt/ or /بُينت/

p

p

ب

oi

ɔɪ

آ~اُاي~اِ

n

n

ن

t

t

ت

(يدل على)

يشير إلى

to suggest that something is probable or certain

to provoke

فعل

/prə.voʊk/ or /برِ.وُوك/

p

p

ب

r

r

ر

o

ə

اِ

v

v

و

o

oʊ

اُاو~اُ

k

k

ك

e

(يثير)

يستفز

to intentionally annoy someone so that they become angry

to signpost

فعل

/saɪn.poʊst/ or /ساين.بُوست/

s

s

س

i

aɪ

آاي~اِ

g

n

n

ن

p

p

ب

o

oʊ

اُاو~اُ

s

s

س

t

t

ت

(يُشَارِف)

يُعَلِّم

to mark a place such as a road, etc. with a signpost

to yap

فعل

/jæp/ or /يَب/

y

j

ي

a

æ

اَ

p

p

ب

(دردش)

ثرثر

to talk excessively or continuously, often in a way that is annoying to others

ideological

صفة

/aɪ.diə.lɑ.ʤɪ.kəl/ or /آي.ديِ.لا.جي.كِل/

i

aɪ

آاي~اِ

d

d

د

eo

iə

اياِ

l

l

ل

o

ɑ

آ

g

ʤ

ج

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

c

k

ك

a

ə

اِ

l

l

ل

(أيديولوجي)

فكري

based on or relating to a specific set of political or economic views or policies

inclined

صفة

/ɪnk.laɪnd/ or /اينك.لايند/

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

n

n

ن

c

k

ك

l

l

ل

i

aɪ

آاي~اِ

n

n

ن

e

d

d

د

(ميال)

مائل

giving an opinion in a way that is not strong

inflexible

صفة

/ɪn.flɛk.sə.bəl/ or /اين.فلِك.سِ.بِل/

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

n

n

ن

f

f

ف

l

l

ل

e

ɛ

اِ

x

ks

كس

i

ə

اِ

b

b

ب

ə

اِ

l

l

ل

e

(صارم)

غير مرن

(of a rule, opinion, etc.) fixed and not easily changed

mistaken

صفة

/mɪs.teɪ.kən/ or /ميس.تِي.كِن/

m

m

م

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

s

s

س

t

t

ت

a

eɪ

اِاي~اِ

k

k

ك

e

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

(معتاد الخطأ)

مخطئ

(of a person) wrong in one's judgment, opinion, or belief

moderate

صفة

/mɑ.dɜ.reɪt/ or /ما.دِ.رِيت/

m

m

م

o

ɑ

آ

d

d

د

e

ɜ

اِ

r

r

ر

a

eɪ

اِاي~اِ

t

t

ت

e

(وسطي)

معتدل

(of a person or ideology) not extreme or radical and considered reasonable by a majority of people

unstated

صفة

/ʌn.steɪ.tɪd/ or /آن.اِستِي.تيد/

u

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

s

s

س

t

t

ت

a

eɪ

اِاي~اِ

t

t

ت

e

ɪ

اي~اِ

d

d

د

(غير مُعبر عنه)

غير مذكور

not clearly said or explained

vocal

صفة

/voʊ.kəl/ or /وُو.كِل/

v

v

و

o

oʊ

اُاو~اُ

c

k

ك

a

ə

اِ

l

l

ل

(جهرى)

صريح

giving opinions loudly or freely

given that

حرف العطف

/ɡˈɪvən ðˈæt/

(بالنظر إلى أن)

نظراً لأن

used to express that one is considering a particular fact before sharing one's opinion or making a judgment

no kidding

الاسم

/nˈoʊ kˈɪdɪŋ/

(حقًا)

لا تمزح

used to highlight the sincerity or truthfulness of a statement

honest to God

صفة

/ˈɑːnɪsttəɡˈɑːd/

(بالصحة لله)

صادق والله

used to emphasize the fact that one is telling the truth

having said that

عبارة

/hˌævɪŋ sˈɛd ðˈæt/

N/A

used to introduce an opposing statement after making a point

if anything

عبارة

/ɪf ˈɛnɪθˌɪŋ/

N/A

Idiom

Informal

used to suggest that the opposite of what has been stated may be closer to the truth

at all

ظرف

/æt ˈɔːl/

N/A

to the smallest amount or degree

that said

عبارة

/ðæt sˈɛd/

N/A

used to introduce statement that is in contrast to what one previously stated

beyond doubt

عبارة

/bɪjˌɑːnd dˈaʊt/

N/A

in a way that is absolutely certain and cannot be questioned

hostility

اسم

/hɑs.tɪ.lə.ti/ or /هاس.تي.لِ.تي/

h

h

ه

o

ɑ

آ

s

s

س

t

t

ت

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

l

l

ل

i

ə

اِ

t

t

ت

y

i

اي

(Hostilité)

عداء

behavior or feelings that are aggressive or unfriendly

mainstream

اسم

/meɪn.strim/ or /مِين.اِستريم/

m

m

م

ai

eɪ

اِاي~اِ

n

n

ن

s

s

س

t

t

ت

r

r

ر

ea

i

اي

m

m

م

(السائد)

التيار الرئيسي

the opinions, activities, or methods that are considered normal because they are accepted by a majority of people

objectivity

اسم

/ɑb.ʤɛk.tɪ.vɪ.ti/ or /آب.جِك.تي.وي.تي/

o

ɑ

آ

b

b

ب

j

ʤ

ج

e

ɛ

اِ

c

k

ك

t

t

ت

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

v

v

و

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

t

t

ت

y

i

اي

(حيادية)

موضوعية

the state of being affected by facts and statistics instead of personal opinions and feelings

subjectivity

اسم

/səb.ʤɛk.tɪ.vɪ.ti/ or /سِب.جِك.تي.وي.تي/

s

s

س

u

ə

اِ

b

b

ب

j

ʤ

ج

e

ɛ

اِ

c

k

ك

t

t

ت

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

v

v

و

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

t

t

ت

y

i

اي

(التحيز الشخصي)

الذاتية

the state of being affected by personal opinions and feelings instead of facts and statistics

premise

اسم

/prɛ.mɪs/ or /برِ.ميس/

p

p

ب

r

r

ر

e

ɛ

اِ

m

m

م

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

s

s

س

e

(مسلمة)

فرضية

a theory or statement that acts as the foundation of an argument

reasoning

اسم

/ri.zə.nɪng/ or /ري.زِ.نينك/

r

r

ر

ea

i

اي

s

z

ز

o

ə

اِ

n

n

ن

i

ɪ

اي~اِ

n

n

ن

g

g

ك

(الاستدلال)

التفكير المنطقي

the act of rational and logical thinking about something

say

اسم

/seɪ/ or /سِي/

s

s

س

a

e

اِ

y

ɪ

اي~اِ

(مشاركة)

رأي

the right or chance to give an opinion about something

to have second thoughts

عبارة

/hæv sˈɛkənd θˈɔːts/

N/A

Idiom

to start doubting a decision and begin to wonder whether it is the right or best thing to do

voice

اسم

/vɔɪs/ or /وُيس/

v

v

و

oi

ɔɪ

آ~اُاي~اِ

c

s

س

e

(حق التعبير عن الرأي)

صوت

the right to give an opinion on something

solidarity

اسم

/sɑ.lə.dɛ.rə.ti/ or /سا.لِ.دِ.رِ.تي/

s

s

س

o

ɑ

آ

l

l

ل

i

ə

اِ

d

d

د

a

ɛ

اِ

r

r

ر

i

ə

اِ

t

t

ت

y

i

اي

(تعاون)

تضامن

the support given by the members of a group to each other because of sharing the same opinions, feelings, goals, etc.