063. Objects, Materials, Shapes and Colour

(objekt)
předmět
a non-living thing that one can touch or see

(substance)
materiál
a substance from which things can be made

(forma)
tvar
the outer form or edges of something or someone

(nátěr)
barva
a quality such as red, green, blue, yellow, etc. that we see when we look at something

(zvona)
zvonek
a metal cup-shaped object with a separate piece of metal hanging inside that makes a ringing noise when it moves
A bell is a metal percussion instrument with a hollow, cup-shaped body that produces sound when struck. It typically has a clapper inside, which hits the sides of the bell when it is moved or shaken. Bells come in various sizes and shapes and are used in many different contexts, including church services, ceremonial events, and musical compositions. The sound of a bell is often described as clear and resonant, and its tone can vary depending on the size, shape, and material of the bell.

(křeslo)
židle
furniture with a back and often four legs that we can use for sitting
Gramatické Informace:

(čepice)
klobouk
a piece of clothing often with a brim that we wear on our heads, for warmth, as a fashion item or as part of a uniform
A hat is a head covering that can be made of various materials, such as fabric, straw, felt, or leather, and worn for a variety of purposes. Hats can be worn as protection from the elements, such as sun, rain, or cold, or as a fashion accessory to complete an outfit or make a statement. Hats come in a variety of styles and shapes, from the classic fedora or baseball cap to the traditional bowler or top hat. Some hats also have functional features, such as a brim to shield the face from the sun or a chin strap to keep the hat in place during windy conditions.
Gramatické Informace:

(prapor)
vlajka
a piece of cloth with a mark or pattern that stands for a country, organization, etc.

(tričko)
košile
a piece of clothing usually worn by men on the upper half of the body, typically with a collar and sleeves, and with buttons down the front
A shirt is a type of garment that covers the upper body and typically has sleeves, a collar, and a buttoned or zippered front. Shirts come in various styles, fabrics, and designs, and are worn by both men and women. They are often made of cotton, linen, or synthetic materials, and can be casual or formal in style. Shirts can be worn as a standalone garment, or layered with other clothing such as jackets or sweaters. Some common styles of shirts include t-shirts, polo shirts, dress shirts, and button-up shirts.
Gramatické Informace:

(tričko)
top
an item of clothing that is worn to cover the upper part of the body
A top is a piece of clothing worn on the upper part of the body, typically covering the torso and arms but leaving the shoulders and neck exposed. Tops come in many different styles, such as T-shirts, blouses, tank tops, and crop tops, and can be made from various materials, including cotton, silk, polyester, and wool. They may also feature different patterns, designs, and colors. Tops are a versatile clothing item that can be worn for casual or formal occasions, depending on the style and material. They are often paired with pants, jeans, skirts, or shorts to create a complete outfit.

(gauč)
pohovka
a comfortable seat that has a back and two arms and enough space for two or multiple people to sit on
A sofa is a piece of furniture designed for seating multiple people, typically found in living rooms, lounges, or offices. It is known for its formal appearance, featuring a structured design with distinct armrests, a backrest, and cushions. Sofas often have a more sophisticated style than other seating options, with a variety of fabrics and finishes to match the décor of a room.
Gramatické Informace:

(schodiště)
žebřík
a piece of equipment with a set of steps that are connected to two long bars, used for climbing up and down a height

(kapesník)
tkanina
a piece of soft thin paper that is disposable and is used for cleaning

(nádoba)
kbelík
a round open container, made of plastic or metal, with a handle used for keeping or carrying things

(žvýkací kost)
pochoutka pro psy
a toy for pets, typically made from compressed rawhide or other materials, that is designed to be chewed on and help keep the animal's teeth clean and healthy
A chew bone is a type of dog toy designed to be chewed on by pets. It is typically made from durable materials, such as rubber, nylon, or rawhide, and is shaped like a bone or other fun designs. Chew bones help satisfy a dog’s natural urge to chew, promote dental health by cleaning teeth and gums, and prevent destructive chewing of household items. They come in various sizes and flavors to suit different dog breeds and preferences, and they can also help keep dogs entertained for long periods.
Gramatické Informace:

(metal)
kov
a usually solid and hard substance that heat and electricity can move through, such as gold, iron, etc.
Metal refers to a class of elements characterized by their usually solid and hard nature, as well as their ability to conduct heat and electricity. Metals typically have a shiny appearance, are able to be stretched, bent, hammered, or pressed into different shapes without breaking, and are found in various forms, such as gold, silver, copper, iron, aluminum, and zinc. They are widely used in manufacturing, construction, and various industries due to their strength, durability, and conductivity properties. Metals play a crucial role in modern society, serving as essential materials for building infrastructure, producing machinery and tools, and creating countless consumer products.

(dřevěný materiál)
dřevo
the hard material that the trunk and branches of a tree or shrub are made of, used for fuel or timber

(houbice)
guma
a piece of soft material, often made of felt or foam, used for erasing chalk marks from a blackboard or pen marks from a whiteboard

(textilie)
látka
material used for making clothes, which is made by knitting or weaving silk, cotton, etc.
Cloth is a versatile material made by weaving fibers together to create a flat, flexible sheet. The fibers used in cloth can vary widely, from natural fibers like cotton, wool, and silk to synthetic fibers like polyester and nylon. Cloth can be used to make a wide range of products, including clothing, bedding, curtains, upholstery, and more. It can be dyed in various colors and patterns and finished with various treatments to enhance its durability and performance. Cloth can also be woven in different weights and textures, making it suitable for different purposes and applications. While the cloth is a basic material, it is an essential component of our daily lives and is used in a wide range of products that we rely on for comfort, style, and functionality.

(bavlněný)
bavlna
soft and white material that comes from a plant called cotton and is used to make clothing

(hodváb)
hedvábí
a type of smooth soft fabric made from the threads that silkworms produce
Silk is a luxurious and natural fiber that is produced by silkworms. It is known for its softness, luster, and draping qualities, which make it a popular choice for high-end clothing and home decor items. Silk fabric is breathable, lightweight, and moisture-wicking, which makes it comfortable to wear in warm weather. It is also a strong and durable material that can withstand frequent wear and washing, as long as it is handled with care. Silk can be dyed in a wide range of colors and patterns, and it is often used for formal and dressy clothing like dresses, blouses, and suits, as well as for bedding, curtains, and upholstery. While silk is a luxurious and high-maintenance material that requires special care, it is a timeless and elegant fabric that has been prized for thousands of years.

(leather)
kůže
strong material made from animal skin and used for making clothes, bags, shoes, etc.
Leather is a material made from the skin of animals, most commonly cows. It is known for its durability, flexibility, and strength, making it a popular choice for clothing, accessories, and furniture. Leather has a distinctive texture and appearance, with natural variations in color, grain, and markings that give it character and charm. It can be processed in a variety of ways to achieve different finishes, such as smooth, suede, or patent. Leather is also capable of developing a beautiful patina over time with wear and exposure to the elements. While it is a relatively expensive material, many people appreciate its timeless style, longevity, and quality. Overall, leather is a versatile and enduring material that adds a touch of sophistication and luxury to any outfit or space.

(list papíru)
papír
the thin sheets on which one can write, draw, or print things, also used as wrapping material

(umělá hmota)
plast
a light substance produced in a chemical process that can be formed into different shapes when heated

(starožitný)
antický
old and often considered valuable due to its age, craftsmanship, or historical significance

(reálný)
skutečný
having actual existence and not imaginary

(přístroj na hraní)
hračka
a device regarded as providing amusement

(státní)
národní
relating to a particular nation or country, including its people, culture, government, and interests

(proužek)
pruh
a design consisting of lines or bands with a different color from the background, often used on clothing, textiles, or other surfaces

(vkusný)
stylový
appealing in a way that is fashionable and elegant

(dřevnatý)
dřevěný
made of a hard material that forms the branches and trunks of trees

(šedivý)
šedý
having a color between white and black, like most koalas or dolphins

(narůžovělý)
růžový
having the color of strawberry ice cream

(tmavě modrá)
námořnická modř
having a very dark blue color like the deep sea

(zelená)
zelený
having the color of fresh grass or most plant leaves

(purpurový)
fialový
having the color of most ripe eggplants

(čtvercový tvar)
čtverec
a shape with four equal straight sides and four right angles, each measuring 90°

(hvězdice)
hvězda
a shape with five or more points, representing a star in the sky

(kruhový tvar)
kruh
a completely round, plain shape

(polokruhová plocha)
polokruh
any half of a circle

(srdcovitý tvar)
srdce
a shape that consists of two curved lines at the top and a V shape at the bottom

(čtveratý)
čtvercový
having four even sides and four right angles, forming a shape resembling a regular square

(ostrý)
špičatý
having an end or tip that is sharp

N/A
having a form or appearance that is somewhat circular or rounded

(zelený)
zelenkavý
somewhat green in color

(oblé)
kulatý
having a circular shape, often spherical in appearance
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