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English Vocabulary in Use - Pre-intermediate & Intermediate /

063. Objects, Materials, Shapes and Colour

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1-
object
2-
material
3-
shape
4-
color
5-
bell
6-
chair
7-
hat
8-
flag
9-
shirt
10-
top
11-
sofa
12-
ladder
13-
tissue
14-
bucket
15-
chew bone
16-
metal
17-
wood
18-
rubber
19-
cloth
20-
cotton
21-
silk
22-
leather
23-
paper
24-
plastic
25-
antique
26-
real
27-
toy
28-
national
29-
stripe
30-
stylish
31-
wooden
32-
gray
33-
pink
34-
navy blue
35-
green
36-
purple
37-
square
38-
star
39-
circle
40-
semicircle
41-
heart
42-
square
43-
pointed
44-
roundish
45-
greenish
46-
round
object
object
Podstatné jméno
o
ɑ
b
b
j
ʤ
e
ɛ
c
k
t
t
(objekt)

(objekt)

předmět

a non-living thing that one can touch or see

material
material
Podstatné jméno
m
m
a
ə
t
t
e
ɪ
r
r
ia
l
l
(substance)

(substance)

materiál

a substance from which things can be made

shape
shape
Podstatné jméno
sh
ʃ
a
p
p
e
(forma)

(forma)

tvar

the outer form or edges of something or someone

color
color
Podstatné jméno
c
k
o
ʌ
l
l
o
ə
r
r
(nátěr)

(nátěr)

barva

a quality such as red, green, blue, yellow, etc. that we see when we look at something

colorlessness
bell
bell
Podstatné jméno
b
b
e
e
ll
l
(zvona)

(zvona)

zvonek

a metal cup-shaped object with a separate piece of metal hanging inside that makes a ringing noise when it moves

What is a "bell"?

A bell is a metal percussion instrument with a hollow, cup-shaped body that produces sound when struck. It typically has a clapper inside, which hits the sides of the bell when it is moved or shaken. Bells come in various sizes and shapes and are used in many different contexts, including church services, ceremonial events, and musical compositions. The sound of a bell is often described as clear and resonant, and its tone can vary depending on the size, shape, and material of the bell.

chair
chair
Podstatné jméno
ch
ʧ
ai
ɛ
r
r
(křeslo)

(křeslo)

židle

furniture with a back and often four legs that we can use for sitting

Gramatické Informace:

hat
hat
Podstatné jméno
h
h
a
æ
t
t
(čepice)

(čepice)

klobouk

a piece of clothing often with a brim that we wear on our heads, for warmth, as a fashion item or as part of a uniform

What is a "hat"?

A hat is a head covering that can be made of various materials, such as fabric, straw, felt, or leather, and worn for a variety of purposes. Hats can be worn as protection from the elements, such as sun, rain, or cold, or as a fashion accessory to complete an outfit or make a statement. Hats come in a variety of styles and shapes, from the classic fedora or baseball cap to the traditional bowler or top hat. Some hats also have functional features, such as a brim to shield the face from the sun or a chin strap to keep the hat in place during windy conditions.

Gramatické Informace:

flag
flag
Podstatné jméno
f
f
l
l
a
æ
g
g
(prapor)

(prapor)

vlajka

a piece of cloth with a mark or pattern that stands for a country, organization, etc.

shirt
shirt
Podstatné jméno
sh
ʃ
i
ɜ
r
r
t
t
(tričko)

(tričko)

košile

a piece of clothing usually worn by men on the upper half of the body, typically with a collar and sleeves, and with buttons down the front

What is a "shirt"?

A shirt is a type of garment that covers the upper body and typically has sleeves, a collar, and a buttoned or zippered front. Shirts come in various styles, fabrics, and designs, and are worn by both men and women. They are often made of cotton, linen, or synthetic materials, and can be casual or formal in style. Shirts can be worn as a standalone garment, or layered with other clothing such as jackets or sweaters. Some common styles of shirts include t-shirts, polo shirts, dress shirts, and button-up shirts.

Gramatické Informace:

top
top
Podstatné jméno
t
t
o
ɑ
p
p
(tričko)

(tričko)

top

an item of clothing that is worn to cover the upper part of the body

What is a "top"?

A top is a piece of clothing worn on the upper part of the body, typically covering the torso and arms but leaving the shoulders and neck exposed. Tops come in many different styles, such as T-shirts, blouses, tank tops, and crop tops, and can be made from various materials, including cotton, silk, polyester, and wool. They may also feature different patterns, designs, and colors. Tops are a versatile clothing item that can be worn for casual or formal occasions, depending on the style and material. They are often paired with pants, jeans, skirts, or shorts to create a complete outfit.

sofa
sofa
Podstatné jméno
s
s
o
f
f
a
ə
(gauč)

(gauč)

pohovka

a comfortable seat that has a back and two arms and enough space for two or multiple people to sit on

What is a "sofa"?

A sofa is a piece of furniture designed for seating multiple people, typically found in living rooms, lounges, or offices. It is known for its formal appearance, featuring a structured design with distinct armrests, a backrest, and cushions. Sofas often have a more sophisticated style than other seating options, with a variety of fabrics and finishes to match the décor of a room.

Gramatické Informace:

ladder
ladder
Podstatné jméno
l
l
a
æ
dd
d
e
ɜ
r
r
(schodiště)

(schodiště)

žebřík

a piece of equipment with a set of steps that are connected to two long bars, used for climbing up and down a height

tissue
tissue
Podstatné jméno
t
t
i
ɪ
ss
ʃ
ue
u
(kapesník)

(kapesník)

tkanina

a piece of soft thin paper that is disposable and is used for cleaning

bucket
bucket
Podstatné jméno
b
b
u
ə
ck
k
e
ə
t
t
(nádoba)

(nádoba)

kbelík

a round open container, made of plastic or metal, with a handle used for keeping or carrying things

chew bone
Podstatné jméno
uk flag
/tʃjˈuː bˈoʊn/
(žvýkací kost)

(žvýkací kost)

pochoutka pro psy

a toy for pets, typically made from compressed rawhide or other materials, that is designed to be chewed on and help keep the animal's teeth clean and healthy

What is a "chew bone"?

A chew bone is a type of dog toy designed to be chewed on by pets. It is typically made from durable materials, such as rubber, nylon, or rawhide, and is shaped like a bone or other fun designs. Chew bones help satisfy a dog’s natural urge to chew, promote dental health by cleaning teeth and gums, and prevent destructive chewing of household items. They come in various sizes and flavors to suit different dog breeds and preferences, and they can also help keep dogs entertained for long periods.

Gramatické Informace:

Složené Podstatné Jméno
metal
metal
Podstatné jméno
m
m
e
ɛ
t
t
a
ə
l
l
(metal)

(metal)

kov

a usually solid and hard substance that heat and electricity can move through, such as gold, iron, etc.

What is "metal"?

Metal refers to a class of elements characterized by their usually solid and hard nature, as well as their ability to conduct heat and electricity. Metals typically have a shiny appearance, are able to be stretched, bent, hammered, or pressed into different shapes without breaking, and are found in various forms, such as gold, silver, copper, iron, aluminum, and zinc. They are widely used in manufacturing, construction, and various industries due to their strength, durability, and conductivity properties. Metals play a crucial role in modern society, serving as essential materials for building infrastructure, producing machinery and tools, and creating countless consumer products.

wood
wood
Podstatné jméno
w
w
oo
ʊ
d
d
(dřevěný materiál)

(dřevěný materiál)

dřevo

the hard material that the trunk and branches of a tree or shrub are made of, used for fuel or timber

rubber
Podstatné jméno
r
r
u
ə
bb
b
e
ɜ
r
r
(houbice)

(houbice)

guma

a piece of soft material, often made of felt or foam, used for erasing chalk marks from a blackboard or pen marks from a whiteboard

cloth
cloth
Podstatné jméno
c
k
l
l
o
ɔ
th
θ
(textilie)

(textilie)

látka

material used for making clothes, which is made by knitting or weaving silk, cotton, etc.

What is "cloth"?

Cloth is a versatile material made by weaving fibers together to create a flat, flexible sheet. The fibers used in cloth can vary widely, from natural fibers like cotton, wool, and silk to synthetic fibers like polyester and nylon. Cloth can be used to make a wide range of products, including clothing, bedding, curtains, upholstery, and more. It can be dyed in various colors and patterns and finished with various treatments to enhance its durability and performance. Cloth can also be woven in different weights and textures, making it suitable for different purposes and applications. While the cloth is a basic material, it is an essential component of our daily lives and is used in a wide range of products that we rely on for comfort, style, and functionality.

cotton
Podstatné jméno
c
k
o
ɑ
tt
t
o
ə
n
n
(bavlněný)

(bavlněný)

bavlna

soft and white material that comes from a plant called cotton and is used to make clothing

silk
silk
Podstatné jméno
s
s
i
ɪ
l
l
k
k
(hodváb)

(hodváb)

hedvábí

a type of smooth soft fabric made from the threads that silkworms produce

What is "silk"?

Silk is a luxurious and natural fiber that is produced by silkworms. It is known for its softness, luster, and draping qualities, which make it a popular choice for high-end clothing and home decor items. Silk fabric is breathable, lightweight, and moisture-wicking, which makes it comfortable to wear in warm weather. It is also a strong and durable material that can withstand frequent wear and washing, as long as it is handled with care. Silk can be dyed in a wide range of colors and patterns, and it is often used for formal and dressy clothing like dresses, blouses, and suits, as well as for bedding, curtains, and upholstery. While silk is a luxurious and high-maintenance material that requires special care, it is a timeless and elegant fabric that has been prized for thousands of years.

leather
leather
Podstatné jméno
l
l
ea
ɛ
th
ð
e
ə
r
r
(leather)

(leather)

kůže

strong material made from animal skin and used for making clothes, bags, shoes, etc.

What is "leather"?

Leather is a material made from the skin of animals, most commonly cows. It is known for its durability, flexibility, and strength, making it a popular choice for clothing, accessories, and furniture. Leather has a distinctive texture and appearance, with natural variations in color, grain, and markings that give it character and charm. It can be processed in a variety of ways to achieve different finishes, such as smooth, suede, or patent. Leather is also capable of developing a beautiful patina over time with wear and exposure to the elements. While it is a relatively expensive material, many people appreciate its timeless style, longevity, and quality. Overall, leather is a versatile and enduring material that adds a touch of sophistication and luxury to any outfit or space.

paper
paper
Podstatné jméno
p
p
a
p
p
e
ɜ
r
r
(list papíru)

(list papíru)

papír

the thin sheets on which one can write, draw, or print things, also used as wrapping material

plastic
plastic
Podstatné jméno
p
p
l
l
a
æ
s
s
t
t
i
ɪ
c
k
(umělá hmota)

(umělá hmota)

plast

a light substance produced in a chemical process that can be formed into different shapes when heated

antique
antique
Přídavné jméno
a
æ
n
n
t
t
i
i
q
k
u
e
(starožitný)

(starožitný)

antický

old and often considered valuable due to its age, craftsmanship, or historical significance

real
real
Přídavné jméno
r
r
ea
l
l
(reálný)

(reálný)

skutečný

having actual existence and not imaginary

unreal
toy
Podstatné jméno
t
t
o
ɔ
y
ɪ
(přístroj na hraní)

(přístroj na hraní)

hračka

a device regarded as providing amusement

national
national
Přídavné jméno
n
n
a
æ
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
a
ə
l
l
(státní)

(státní)

národní

relating to a particular nation or country, including its people, culture, government, and interests

stripe
stripe
Podstatné jméno
s
s
t
t
r
r
i
p
p
e
(proužek)

(proužek)

pruh

a design consisting of lines or bands with a different color from the background, often used on clothing, textiles, or other surfaces

stylish
stylish
Přídavné jméno
s
s
t
t
y
l
l
i
ɪ
sh
ʃ
(vkusný)

(vkusný)

stylový

appealing in a way that is fashionable and elegant

unfashionable
wooden
wooden
Přídavné jméno
w
w
oo
ʊ
d
d
e
ə
n
n
(dřevnatý)

(dřevnatý)

dřevěný

made of a hard material that forms the branches and trunks of trees

gray
gray
Přídavné jméno
g
g
r
r
a
e
y
ɪ
(šedivý)

(šedivý)

šedý

having a color between white and black, like most koalas or dolphins

pink
pink
Přídavné jméno
p
p
i
ɪ
n
n
k
k
(narůžovělý)

(narůžovělý)

růžový

having the color of strawberry ice cream

navy blue
navy blue
Přídavné jméno
uk flag
/nˈeɪvi blˈuː/
(tmavě modrá)

(tmavě modrá)

námořnická modř

having a very dark blue color like the deep sea

green
green
Přídavné jméno
g
g
r
r
ee
i:
n
n
(zelená)

(zelená)

zelený

having the color of fresh grass or most plant leaves

purple
purple
Přídavné jméno
p
p
u
ɜ
r
r
p
p
l
l
ə
e
(purpurový)

(purpurový)

fialový

having the color of most ripe eggplants

square
square
Podstatné jméno
s
s
q
k
u
w
a
ɛ
r
r
e
(čtvercový tvar)

(čtvercový tvar)

čtverec

a shape with four equal straight sides and four right angles, each measuring 90°

star
star
Podstatné jméno
s
s
t
t
a
ɑ
r
r
(hvězdice)

(hvězdice)

hvězda

a shape with five or more points, representing a star in the sky

circle
circle
Podstatné jméno
c
s
i
ɜ
r
r
c
k
l
l
ə
e
(kruhový tvar)

(kruhový tvar)

kruh

a completely round, plain shape

semicircle
semicircle
Podstatné jméno
s
s
e
ɛ
m
m
i
i
c
s
i
ɜ:
r
r
c
k
ə
l
l
e
(polokruhová plocha)

(polokruhová plocha)

polokruh

any half of a circle

heart
Podstatné jméno
h
h
ea
ɑ:
r
r
t
t
(srdcovitý tvar)

(srdcovitý tvar)

srdce

a shape that consists of two curved lines at the top and a V shape at the bottom

square
square
Přídavné jméno
s
s
q
k
u
w
a
ɛ
r
r
e
(čtveratý)

(čtveratý)

čtvercový

having four even sides and four right angles, forming a shape resembling a regular square

round
pointed
pointed
Přídavné jméno
p
p
oi
ɔɪ
n
n
t
e
ə
d
d
(ostrý)

(ostrý)

špičatý

having an end or tip that is sharp

pointless
roundish
Přídavné jméno
r
r
o
a
u
ʊ
n
n
d
d
i
ɪ
sh
ʃ
N/A

N/A

having a form or appearance that is somewhat circular or rounded

greenish
Přídavné jméno
g
g
r
r
ee
i
n
n
i
ɪ
sh
ʃ
(zelený)

(zelený)

zelenkavý

somewhat green in color

round
round
Přídavné jméno
r
r
o
a
u
ʊ
n
n
d
d
(oblé)

(oblé)

kulatý

having a circular shape, often spherical in appearance

square

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