1-
castle
2-
cathedral
3-
church
4-
city
5-
town
6-
north
7-
south
8-
coast
9-
east
10-
west
11-
small
12-
medium-sized
13-
large
14-
boring
15-
crowded
16-
dangerous
17-
modern
18-
noisy
19-
polluted
20-
clean
21-
empty
22-
exciting
23-
historic
24-
interesting
25-
quiet
26-
safe
27-
bridge
28-
canal
29-
wall
30-
department store
31-
harbor
32-
hill
33-
lake
34-
market
35-
mosque
36-
museum
37-
palace
38-
ruin
39-
shopping center
40-
shopping mall
41-
statue
42-
synagogue
43-
temple
44-
town hall
45-
religious
46-
building
47-
monument
castle
castle
Podstatné jméno
c
k
a
æ
s
s
ə
t
l
l
e
(zámek)

(zámek)

hrad

a large and strong building that is protected against attacks, in which the royal family lives

example
Příklad
Click on words
They toured the ancient castle, exploring its grand halls and secret passages.
The castle’s architecture featured elaborate turrets and battlements, reflecting its historical importance.
What is a "castle"?

A castle is a large, fortified structure built primarily for protection and residence, often associated with royalty, nobility, or military leaders. Castles typically feature high walls, towers, gates, and sometimes a moat to defend against attacks. Inside, they include living quarters, great halls, and storage areas, designed to support life during sieges. Historically, castles were built in strategic locations to control territory or guard important routes. Over time, many castles have become symbols of heritage, attracting visitors for their architectural beauty and historical significance.

cathedral
cathedral
Podstatné jméno
c
k
a
ə
th
θ
e
i
d
d
r
r
a
ə
l
l
(chrám)

(chrám)

katedrála

the largest and most important church of a specific area, which is controlled by a bishop

What is a "cathedral"?

A cathedral is a large and important church, often the main church in a region or city. It is typically the seat of a bishop, which is why it holds special significance in Christian traditions. Cathedrals are known for their grand size, elaborate architecture, and often feature stunning stained glass windows, tall spires, and intricate decorations. They are often designed to inspire awe and are considered landmarks or symbols of faith, history, and culture.

church
church
Podstatné jméno
ch
ʧ
u
ɜ
r
r
ch
ʧ
(církev)

(církev)

kostel

a building where Christians go to worship and practice their religion

What is a "church"?

A church is a building used for Christian religious activities, such as worship, prayer, and community gatherings. It is typically designed to be a place where people come together to practice their faith, attend services, and celebrate religious holidays. Churches vary in size and architectural style, ranging from small chapels to large cathedrals. The interior often features seating for people, altars, and religious symbols like crosses or stained glass windows. Churches are also often important cultural and historical landmarks in communities.

city
city
Podstatné jméno
c
s
i
ɪ
t
t
y
i
(obec)

(obec)

město

a larger and more populated town

town
town
Podstatné jméno
t
t
o
a
w
ʊ
n
n
(obec)

(obec)

město

an area with human population that is smaller than a city and larger than a village

north
north
Přídavné jméno
n
n
o
ɔ:
r
r
th
θ
(na severu)

(na severu)

severní

located or positioned toward the northern direction

south
south
south
Přídavné jméno
s
s
o
a
u
ʊ
th
θ
(southerní)

(southerní)

jižní

located toward the southern direction

north
coast
coast
Podstatné jméno
c
k
oa
s
s
t
t
(břeh)

(břeh)

pobřeží

the land close to a sea, ocean, or lake

east
east
Přídavné jméno
ea
i:
s
s
t
t
(východově)

(východově)

východní

located in or coming from the east

west
west
west
Podstatné jméno
w
w
e
ɛ
s
s
t
t
(na západě)

(na západě)

západ

the direction toward which the sun goes down, which is on the left side of a person facing north

small
small
Přídavné jméno
s
s
m
m
a
ɔ
ll
l
(drobný)

(drobný)

malý

below average in physical size

large
medium-sized
medium-sized
Přídavné jméno
uk flag
/mˈiːdiəmsˈaɪzd/
(střední velikosti)

(střední velikosti)

středně velký

having a size that is not small or big

large
large
Přídavné jméno
l
l
a
ɑ
r
r
g
ʤ
e
(rozsáhlý)

(rozsáhlý)

velký

above average in amount or size

small
boring
boring
Přídavné jméno
b
b
o
ɔ
r
r
i
ɪ
n
n
g
g
(nezajímavý)

(nezajímavý)

nudný

making us feel tired and unsatisfied because of not being interesting

crowded
crowded
Přídavné jméno
c
k
r
r
o
a
w
ʊ
d
d
e
ə
d
d
(hustě osídlený)

(hustě osídlený)

přeplněný

(of a space) filled with things or people

uncrowded
dangerous
dangerous
Přídavné jméno
d
d
a
n
n
g
ʤ
e
ə
r
r
ou
ə
s
s
(výhružný)

(výhružný)

nebezpečný

capable of destroying or causing harm to a person or thing

safe
modern
modern
Přídavné jméno
m
m
o
ɑ
d
d
e
ə
r
r
n
n
(novodobý)

(novodobý)

moderní

related to the most recent time or to the present time

nonmodern
noisy
noisy
Přídavné jméno
n
n
oi
ɔɪ
s
z
y
i
(hlučný)

(hlučný)

hlukový

producing or having a lot of loud and unwanted sound

quiet
polluted
polluted
Přídavné jméno
p
p
o
ə
ll
l
u
u
t
t
e
ɪ
d
d
(kontaminovaný)

(kontaminovaný)

znečištěný

containing harmful or dirty substances

clean
clean
Přídavné jméno
c
k
l
l
ea
i:
n
n
(sterilní)

(sterilní)

čistý

not having any bacteria, marks, or dirt

dirty
empty
empty
Přídavné jméno
e
ɛ
m
m
p
p
t
t
y
i
(opuštěný)

(opuštěný)

prázdný

with no one or nothing inside

full
exciting
exciting
Přídavné jméno
e
ɪ
x
ks
c
i
t
t
i
ɪ
n
n
g
g
(působivý)

(působivý)

vzrušující

making us feel interested, happy, and energetic

unexciting
historic
Přídavné jméno
h
h
i
ɪ
s
s
t
t
o
ɔ
r
r
i
ɪ
c
k
(důležitý)

(důležitý)

historický

having great importance or effect in history

interesting
interesting
Přídavné jméno
i
ɪ
n
n
t
t
e
r
r
e
ə
s
s
t
t
i
ɪ
n
n
g
g
(poutavý)

(poutavý)

zajímavý

catching and keeping our attention because of being unusual, exciting, etc.

uninteresting
quiet
quiet
Přídavné jméno
q
k
u
w
ie
aɪə
t
t
(klidný)

(klidný)

tichý

with little or no noise

noisy
safe
safe
Přídavné jméno
s
s
a
f
f
e
(chráněný)

(chráněný)

bezpečný

protected from any danger

dangerous
bridge
bridge
Podstatné jméno
b
b
r
r
i
ɪ
dg
ʤ
e
(most přes)

(most přes)

most

a structure built over a river, road, etc. that enables people or vehicles to go from one side to the other

What is a "bridge"?

A bridge is a structure built to cross over a gap, such as a river, road, or valley, allowing people, vehicles, or animals to cross from one side to the other. Bridges are made from materials like wood, steel, concrete, or stone and come in various designs, such as arch, beam, or suspension. They can range in size from small footbridges to large, multi-lane highway bridges. Bridges are important for transportation, connecting different areas and making travel easier and safer. They are also often considered engineering landmarks.

canal
canal
Podstatné jméno
c
k
a
ə
n
n
a
æ
l
l
(vodní kanál)

(vodní kanál)

kanál

a long and artificial passage built and filled with water for ships to travel along or used to transfer water to other places

wall
wall
Podstatné jméno
w
w
a
ɔ:
ll
l
(stěna)

(stěna)

zeď

an upright structure, usually made of brick, concrete, or stone that is made to divide, protect, or surround a place

department store
department store
Podstatné jméno
uk flag
/dɪpˈɑːɹtmənt stˈoːɹ/
(velký obchod)

(velký obchod)

obchodní dům

a large store, divided into several parts, each selling different types of goods

Gramatické Informace:

Složené Podstatné Jméno
harbor
harbor
Podstatné jméno
h
h
a
ɑ
r
r
b
b
o
ɜ
r
r
(zátoka)

(zátoka)

přístav

a sheltered area of water along the coast where ships, boats, and other vessels can anchor safely, typically protected from rough seas by natural or artificial barriers

hill
hill
Podstatné jméno
h
h
i
ɪ
ll
l
(vrch)

(vrch)

kopec

a naturally raised area of land that is higher than the land around it, often with a round shape

lake
lake
Podstatné jméno
l
l
a
k
k
e
(nádrž)

(nádrž)

jezero

a large area of water, surrounded by land

market
market
Podstatné jméno
m
m
a
ɑ
r
r
k
k
e
ɪ
t
t
(tržiště)

(tržiště)

trh

a public place where people buy and sell groceries

mosque
mosque
Podstatné jméno
m
m
o
ɑ
s
s
q
k
u
e
(modlitebna)

(modlitebna)

mešita

a place of worship, used by Muslims

What is a "mosque"?

A mosque is a place of worship for Muslims, serving as a center for religious activities and community gatherings. Typically, mosques feature a large prayer hall where worshippers gather for prayers, especially on Fridays, which is a special day for communal worship. They often have a minaret, a tall tower from which the call to prayer is announced, and may include decorative elements like domes, arches, and intricate patterns. Many mosques also provide spaces for learning, community events, and social activities, making them important cultural and religious hubs within Muslim communities.

museum
museum
Podstatné jméno
m
m
u
ju
s
z
eu
i:ə
m
m
(historické muzeum)

(historické muzeum)

muzeum

a place where important cultural, artistic, historical, or scientific objects are kept and shown to the public

palace
palace
Podstatné jméno
p
p
a
æ
l
l
a
ə
c
s
e
(hrad)

(hrad)

palác

a large building that is the official home of a powerful or very important person such as a king, queen, pope, etc.

What is a "palace"?

A palace is a large and grand building, often associated with royalty or high-ranking officials. It is typically designed with impressive architecture, luxurious interiors, and expansive grounds. Palaces are often used as residences for kings, queens, or emperors and may feature rich rooms like throne halls, ballrooms, and grand dining areas. They are often located in significant or historical areas and may be open to the public as tourist attractions. Palaces are symbols of power, wealth, and status, and they are designed to showcase grandeur and luxury.

ruin
ruin
Podstatné jméno
r
r
ui
n
n
(zříceniny)

(zříceniny)

ruiny

(plural) the remains of something such as a building after it has been seriously damaged or destroyed

shopping center
shopping center
Podstatné jméno
uk flag
/ˈʃɑpɪŋ ˈsɛntɚ/
(obchodní dům)

(obchodní dům)

nákupní centrum

an area of stores or a group of stores built together in one area

Gramatické Informace:

Složené Podstatné Jméno
shopping mall
shopping mall
Podstatné jméno
uk flag
/ʃˈɑːpɪŋ mˈɔːl/
(obchodní dům)

(obchodní dům)

nákupní centrum

‌a large building or enclosed area that consists of a group of shops

Gramatické Informace:

Složené Podstatné Jméno
statue
statue
Podstatné jméno
s
s
t
t
a
æ
t
ʧ
u
u:
e
(pomník)

(pomník)

socha

a large object created to look like a person or animal from hard materials such as stone, metal, or wood

What is a "statue"?

A statue is a three-dimensional artwork that represents a person, animal, or object. It is usually made from materials such as stone, metal, or wood, and is often created to honor individuals or convey artistic expression. Statues can vary in size and detail, and they are commonly placed in public spaces, gardens, or museums. They are designed to be seen from various angles and often serve as decorative or symbolic elements.

synagogue
synagogue
Podstatné jméno
s
s
y
ɪ
n
n
a
ə
g
g
o
ɔ
g
g
u
e
(šule)

(šule)

synagoga

a place of worship and religious study for Jews

temple
temple
Podstatné jméno
t
t
e
ɛ
m
m
p
p
ə
l
l
e
(svatyně)

(svatyně)

chrám

a building used for worshiping one or several gods, used by some religious communities, especially Buddhists and Hindus

What is a "temple"?

A temple is a building or structure dedicated to worship or religious activities. It is typically associated with specific religions, such as Hinduism, Buddhism, or ancient Greek and Roman beliefs. Temples are often designed with distinct architectural features, such as large columns, statues, or altars, to create a sacred space. Inside, there may be shrines or idols representing deities, and the space is used for prayer, rituals, and ceremonies. Temples can vary greatly in size and style, from simple structures to grand, elaborate buildings. They are often considered places of spiritual significance and community gatherings.

town hall
town hall
Podstatné jméno
uk flag
/tˈaʊn hˈɔːl/
(městský úřad)

(městský úřad)

radnice

a building in which the officials of a town work

Gramatické Informace:

Složené Podstatné Jméno
religious
religious
Přídavné jméno
r
r
e
i
l
l
i
ɪ
g
ʤ
iou
ə
s
s
(vírou spojený)

(vírou spojený)

náboženský

related to or associated with religion, faith, or spirituality

building
building
Podstatné jméno
b
b
ui
ɪ
l
l
d
d
i
ɪ
n
n
g
g
(stavba)

(stavba)

budova

a structure that has walls, a roof, and sometimes many levels, like an apartment, house, school, etc.

Gramatické Informace:

monument
Podstatné jméno
m
m
o
ɑ
n
n
u
j
ə
m
m
e
ə
n
n
t
t
(monument)

(monument)

pomník

a structure built in honor of a public figure or a special event

What is a "monument"?

A monument is a structure or statue built to honor or remember a person, event, or idea. Monuments can be found in public places and are often made from materials like stone, metal, or concrete. They are designed to stand the test of time, serving as a symbol of significance or historical importance. Monuments can vary in size and shape, from small plaques to large sculptures or buildings. They help preserve memories and educate future generations about important moments or individuals in history.

Gratulujeme! !

Naučili jste se 47 slov ze English File Pre-Intermediate - Lesson 5B. Pro zlepšení učení a opakování slovní zásoby začněte cvičit!

review-disable

Revize

flashcard-disable

Kartičky

spelling-disable

Pravopis

quiz-disable

Kvíz

practice