Lekce 4 - 1. část

News refers to the information about recent events or developments that are shared through various media, such as television, radio, newspapers, or online platforms. It covers a wide range of topics, including local, national, and international stories, like politics, business, weather, and human interest. News reports are meant to keep the public informed about what is happening around the world and in their communities. Journalists gather, verify, and present this information in a clear and timely manner to help people stay up to date.

A trend refers to a general direction in which something is developing or changing, often used in reference to fashion and style. It can describe a popular clothing item, color, pattern, or overall style that is currently favored by a particular group of people or society as a whole. Trends may be influenced by a variety of factors, such as cultural and social changes, technology, economic conditions, and media exposure. They can be short-lived or long-lasting, and often evolve over time as new ideas and innovations emerge. Following trends can be a way for individuals to express their personal style and keep up with the latest fashion, while designers and retailers rely on trends to stay relevant and meet consumer demand.

Science is the study of the natural world through observation, experimentation, and reasoning. It seeks to understand how things work, from the smallest particles to large systems, by asking questions and testing ideas. Science covers a wide range of fields, such as biology, physics, and chemistry. It uses systematic methods to gather knowledge, make discoveries, and develop technologies that improve lives. Science is important for understanding the world around us and solving problems in health, technology, and the environment.

The brain is the complex and intricate organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals. It controls and coordinates all bodily functions, including sensory perception, motor activity, thought, and emotion. The brain is made up of billions of interconnected neurons that communicate with each other through electrical and chemical signals, forming neural networks that enable learning, memory, and cognitive processes. It is protected by the skull and nourished by the circulatory system, and its proper functioning is essential for maintaining health and survival.

A calorie is a unit of measurement that indicates the amount of energy provided by food and beverages. When food is consumed, the body converts the calories into energy to fuel various physiological processes, such as breathing, circulation, and physical activity. The number of calories in a food item depends on its macronutrient composition: carbohydrates and proteins provide approximately 4 calories per gram, while fats provide about 9 calories per gram. Monitoring calorie intake is important for maintaining a healthy weight, as consuming more calories than the body uses can lead to weight gain, while consuming fewer can result in weight loss.