(tektonická deska)
deska
a large, rigid section of the Earth's lithosphere that moves, leading to geological activity like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions
(tektonické procesy)
tektonika
the scientific study of the Earth's lithosphere and the processes that shape its structure, including the movement of tectonic plates, earthquakes, and volcanic activity
(prasklina)
trhlina
(in geology) a narrow break or crack that partially divides a rock or surface without completely separating it
(subdukční proces)
subdukce
a geological process where one tectonic plate moves under another and sinks into the Earth's mantle
(izostatická rovnováha)
izostáze
the gravitational balance between Earth's rigid lithosphere and the underlying, semi-fluid asthenosphere, influencing variations in surface elevation
(litosféry)
litosféra
the Earth's rigid outer layer, made up of the crust and upper mantle, and divided into tectonic plates
(asthenosféra (vrstva polotekuté horniny))
asthenosféra
a layer of semi-fluid rock beneath the Earth's crust that allows tectonic plates to move
(karst)
kras
a landscape formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks, characterized by sinkholes, caves, and underground drainage systems
(horská tvorba)
orogeneze
the geological process of mountain building, usually occurring due to the collision or convergence of tectonic plates
(krystalová geoda)
geoda
a hollow rock with a cavity inside, lined with crystals or mineral material, formed through natural processes and often valued for its aesthetic qualities
(kimberlitová hornina)
kimberlit
a volcanic rock that often contains diamonds, formed during explosive eruptions from the Earth's mantle, and is of particular interest in diamond exploration and mining
(ledovcování)
glaciace
the geological process involving the expansion and movement of glaciers, shaping landscapes through erosion, deposition, and the formation of distinctive glacial landforms
(morénní sediment)
moréna
a deposit of rocks, sediment, and glacial material left by a moving glacier, forming distinctive landforms along its edges or terminus
(ledovcová kupa)
drumlin
a streamlined, elongated hill formed by glacial action, with a teardrop shape and the steeper end facing the direction of ice movement
(seismologická věda)
seismologie
the scientific study of earthquakes and seismic waves, providing insights into Earth's interior, tectonic plate movement, and earthquake hazards
(sopečné jezero)
kaldera
a large, basin-shaped volcanic crater formed by the collapse of a volcano after a massive eruption
(diagenetické procesy)
diagenze
the physical and chemical changes occurring in sediments between their deposition and their consolidation into sedimentary rock
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