Podmínky v týmových sportech

A place kick is a type of kick used in sports like football and rugby. It involves placing the ball on the ground or a tee and kicking it, usually to score points through the goalposts. In football, a place kick is often used for field goals or extra points after a touchdown. The player taking the kick has the ball held in position by a teammate or a tee, and then kicks it toward the goalposts. The goal is to accurately kick the ball through the posts for a score.

An assist is a play in sports where one player helps set up a goal or score for a teammate. This is usually done by passing the ball or making a key move that leads directly to the score. An assist does not count as a goal for the player who made the pass or play, but it is an important contribution to the team’s success. Assists are common in sports like soccer, basketball, and hockey, where teamwork and cooperation are key to scoring.

Goalkeeping is an act in sports like soccer, hockey, and handball where a player is guarding the goal and preventing the opposing team from scoring. The goalkeeper’s main task is to stop the ball or puck from entering the goal, using any part of their body, including hands, feet, and body. Goalkeepers need to have quick reflexes, good decision-making, and the ability to read the game in order to react to shots, passes, or crosses. They often communicate with teammates to organize the defense and are crucial to a team’s success in keeping a clean sheet.

A center is a play in sports like soccer or hockey where the ball or puck is passed from the side of the field or rink toward the middle, often to set up a chance for a teammate to score. This pass is aimed at creating an opportunity for the player in the center position to take a shot on goal. The center is typically a key moment in the game, as it can lead directly to a scoring attempt or an assist. The accuracy and timing of the pass are important for making the play effective.

The goal line is the line that marks the boundary of the goal area in sports like soccer, hockey, and rugby. It runs across the width of the field or rink, at the end of each side, and it is where the goalposts are located. In many sports, when the ball or puck crosses the goal line and enters the net, it counts as a score for the team. The goal line is also important for determining whether the ball is out of play, and it is a key point for goalkeepers to defend.

Fielding is the act of playing defense in sports like cricket, baseball, or softball. It involves players trying to stop the opposing team from scoring by catching the ball, blocking hits, or throwing the ball to a teammate to get an out. Fielders position themselves around the playing area and must react quickly to the ball, whether it is hit, thrown, or dropped. Good fielding requires sharp reflexes, coordination, and awareness of where the ball is at all times to prevent runs and create opportunities for outs.

The touchline is the boundary line on the sides of the field in sports like soccer, rugby, and hockey. It runs the length of the field and marks the outer limits of where play can occur. If the ball or puck crosses the touchline, it is considered out of bounds, and the game is stopped to resume play, often with a throw-in, pass, or restart depending on the sport. The touchline helps define the playing area and is crucial for organizing the game’s flow.

A clearance is a defensive action in sports like soccer, hockey, or rugby, where a player kicks or hits the ball away from their own goal area to prevent the opposing team from scoring. This is typically done when the defense is under pressure and needs to move the ball out of a dangerous position. A clearance can be made by kicking, heading, or passing the ball to a teammate or downfield, aiming to gain space and control. It is an important move for relieving pressure on the defense.

A fast break is a quick and aggressive play in sports like basketball or handball, where a team moves rapidly down the court or field to try to score before the opposing defense can get ready. This usually happens right after gaining possession of the ball, such as after a rebound or steal. The goal is to take advantage of the other team’s lack of defensive organization and create an easy scoring opportunity. A successful fast break relies on speed, good passing, and quick decision-making.

A bomb is a long, powerful pass or hit in a ball game, typically made over a great distance down the field. It is often used to quickly advance the ball or set up a scoring opportunity by sending it far ahead to a teammate or toward the goal. In sports like football or soccer, a bomb can catch the opposing team off guard, making it a valuable tactic to create an open play or break through their defense. The pass or hit requires strength, accuracy, and good timing.

A cut is a type of shot in sports like golf where the ball is hit in a way that makes it spin slightly and curve to the side, usually to the right for a right-handed player. This is done by striking the ball with a controlled swing that creates a specific spin, helping the player adjust the ball’s direction to avoid obstacles or aim for a better position. It requires skill and precision to execute effectively.

A dropkick is a move in sports like rugby or American football where a player drops the ball and kicks it as it bounces off the ground. It is often used to score points, restart play, or gain field position. Timing and accuracy are important to make sure the kick is effective. Dropkicks are less common in modern play but are still a valuable skill in certain situations.

A throw-in is a method of restarting play in sports like soccer when the ball goes out of bounds along the sidelines. A player from the opposing team of the one that last touched the ball throws it back into play using both hands while keeping both feet on the ground behind the sideline. The throw must be made from behind or over the head, and it is often used to quickly pass the ball to a teammate and continue the game.

Shotmaking is the ability to perform precise and skillful hits or strikes during a game, often under challenging conditions. It reflects a player's talent in creating effective plays, such as scoring points or placing the ball strategically, by using techniques that demonstrate accuracy, control, and creativity. This skill is important in sports like basketball, golf, or tennis, where the quality of each shot can impact the outcome.

Strike rate is a measure used in sports like cricket and baseball to show how often a player hits the ball or scores in a given amount of time or number of attempts. It is calculated by dividing the number of runs a player scores by the number of balls they face, then multiplying by 100. A higher strike rate means the player is scoring more quickly. It is often used to judge the efficiency or aggressiveness of a batter.

A loose ball refers to a ball that is not being controlled by any player during a game, often after a pass, a miss, or a challenge for possession. It is available for any player to gain control of, and players typically try to quickly grab or kick the ball to gain possession for their team. Loose balls can create chances or lead to turnovers depending on which team reacts faster to it.

A half-volley is a type of shot in sports like tennis or soccer where the player hits the ball just after it bounces on the ground but before it rises too high. The player strikes the ball with quick timing, often aiming for accuracy and power. In soccer, this might happen when the ball bounces off the ground and the player kicks it mid-air. A well-executed half-volley can be a very effective and difficult move to defend against.

A give-and-go is a play in sports like soccer or basketball where a player passes the ball to a teammate and immediately moves to receive it back. The idea is to quickly return to the original player, creating a chance to get past an opponent or open up a better scoring opportunity. It relies on timing, teamwork, and quick movement to be successful.

A short pass is a pass made over a short distance between players, usually aimed at maintaining possession or setting up a play. It is often used when players are close to each other and want to quickly move the ball without taking risks. In sports like soccer or basketball, short passes help maintain control of the game and can create opportunities for better positioning or a more strategic pass.

A follow-through refers to the motion a player makes after hitting or striking the ball in sports like tennis, golf, or baseball. It is the continuation of the movement after the ball has been hit, helping to ensure accuracy, power, and control. A good follow-through can improve the effectiveness of the shot or strike, while a poor follow-through may result in mistakes or less precision.

A steal is when a player takes the ball away from an opponent in a legal way, often by intercepting a pass or taking it from their hands or feet. This action is usually quick and requires good timing and skill to avoid fouling the opponent. A successful steal can turn defense into offense and create scoring opportunities for the player's team.

Zone defense is a defensive strategy used in team sports like basketball or soccer, where players cover specific areas of the field or court rather than guarding individual opponents. Each player is responsible for defending any opponent that enters their designated zone. This strategy can help protect against scoring opportunities by focusing on space and teamwork, but it requires good communication and coordination between players.

A mishit occurs when a player strikes the ball incorrectly, often causing it to go off target or with less control than intended. This can happen in various sports like soccer, tennis, or golf, and the result is usually an inaccurate shot or weak contact with the ball. A mishit can happen due to poor timing, poor positioning, or hitting the ball with the wrong part of the equipment, like the edge of a racket or the side of a bat.

A pump fake is a move used in sports like basketball or football where a player pretends to make a pass or shot in order to trick an opponent into reacting early. The player fakes the action by quickly raising or moving their hands or body, causing the defender to jump or commit to a move. This creates an opening for the player to then pass or shoot while the defender is off balance or out of position.

Jokgu is a sport that combines elements of soccer and volleyball, typically played in Korea. It is played with a ball that players hit over a net using their feet, head, or knees, similar to soccer, but the ball must pass over the net like in volleyball. The objective is to score points by getting the ball to land in the opponent's court while preventing them from doing the same. Players need skillful control of the ball and quick movement to succeed.

Kabaddi is a contact team sport popular in South Asia. The game involves two teams, each taking turns to send a "raider" into the opposing team's half. The raider's goal is to tag as many players as possible and return to their side without being tackled, all while holding their breath and chanting "kabaddi." The defending team tries to stop the raider by tagging or wrestling them to the ground. Points are scored when the raider successfully returns or when the defenders manage to stop them. The game requires strength, strategy, and teamwork.

An own goal happens when a player accidentally scores a point for the opposing team by putting the ball into their own net or goal. This can occur in sports like soccer, hockey, or basketball when a player tries to clear the ball or defend, but their action ends up sending it into their own team's goal. Own goals are often a result of mistakes, misjudgments, or bad luck, and they count as a point for the opposing team.

A lateral pass is a type of pass in sports like football or rugby, where the ball is thrown or kicked sideways to a teammate, rather than forward. The goal of a lateral pass is to maintain possession of the ball and set up a better play. Unlike a forward pass, which moves the ball toward the opponent's end zone, a lateral pass keeps the ball in line with the player or slightly to the side. It is allowed in many sports but requires careful timing and accuracy to avoid turnovers.