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Přírodní Vědy SAT /

Fyzický svět

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1-
to scrape
2-
to submerge
3-
to grind
4-
to pulverize
5-
to dampen
6-
to drench
7-
to nourish
8-
to taint
9-
to collide
10-
to clog
11-
to penetrate
12-
to graze
13-
to burst
14-
to fracture
15-
to rupture
16-
to cleave
17-
to dismantle
18-
to unscrew
19-
to shatter
20-
to collapse
21-
to demolish
22-
soot
23-
exterior
24-
immersion
25-
emission
26-
inscription
27-
particle
28-
blaze
29-
slat
30-
enclosure
31-
recess
32-
alcove
33-
dent
34-
rim
35-
socket
36-
ridge
37-
groove
38-
curbside
39-
slab
40-
abrasion
41-
friction
42-
trench
43-
varnish
44-
void
45-
vacuum
46-
airborne
47-
dingy
to scrape
sloveso
s
s
c
k
r
r
a
p
p
e
(smetat)

(smetat)

škrábat

to remove a thin layer or small amount of something from a surface using a sharp or rough edge

example
Příklad
Click on words
While cooking, he was scraping the burnt residue off the bottom of the pot.
The gardener is scraping the soil to remove the weeds from the garden bed.
to submerge
to submerge
sloveso
s
s
u
ə
b
b
m
m
e
ɜ
r
r
g
ʤ
e
(potopit)

(potopit)

ponořit

to plunge or immerse entirely beneath the surface of a liquid, typically water

Gramatické Informace:

Neprůchodný
to grind
to grind
sloveso
g
g
r
r
i
n
n
d
d
(drtit)

(drtit)

mlít

to crush something into small particles by rubbing or pressing it against a hard surface

Gramatické Informace:

Přechodný
to pulverize
sloveso
p
p
u
ə
l
l
v
v
e
ɜ
r
r
i
z
z
e
(rozdrtit)

(rozdrtit)

pulverizovat

to crush or grind something into a fine powder or particles, often through mechanical means or forceful impact

to dampen
to dampen
sloveso
d
d
a
æ
m
m
p
p
e
ə
n
n
(navlhčit)

(navlhčit)

změkčit

to make something slightly wet or moist

Gramatické Informace:

Přechodný
to drench
to drench
sloveso
d
d
r
r
e
ɛ
n
n
ch
ʧ
(promoknout)

(promoknout)

sodit

to completely cover something with liquid by pouring it onto it

Gramatické Informace:

Přechodný
to nourish
to nourish
sloveso
n
n
ou
ɜ
r
r
i
ɪ
sh
ʃ
(podporovat)

(podporovat)

živit

to give someone or something food and other things which are needed in order to grow, live, and maintain health

Gramatické Informace:

Přechodný
to taint
to taint
sloveso
t
t
ai
n
n
t
t
(zkazit)

(zkazit)

znečistit

to infect or dirty something with a disease or harmful microorganism

disinfect

Gramatické Informace:

Přechodný
to collide
to collide
sloveso
c
k
o
ə
ll
l
i
d
d
e
(kolidovat)

(kolidovat)

srazit se

to come into sudden and forceful contact with another object or person

Gramatické Informace:

Neprůchodný
to clog
to clog
sloveso
c
k
l
l
o
ɑ
g
g
(zablokovat)

(zablokovat)

ucpat

to make it so that nothing can move through something

unclog

Gramatické Informace:

Přechodný
to penetrate
to penetrate
sloveso
p
p
e
ɛ
n
n
e
ə
t
t
r
r
a
t
t
e
(prostoupit)

(prostoupit)

proniknout

to move through something, typically overcoming resistance

Gramatické Informace:

Přechodný
to graze
sloveso
g
g
r
r
a
z
z
e
(přejet)

(přejet)

škrábnout

to lightly touch or brush against something, often causing a slight scratch or mark

Gramatické Informace:

Přechodný
to burst
to burst
sloveso
b
b
u
ɜ
r
r
s
s
t
t
(explodovat)

(explodovat)

prasknout

to suddenly and violently break open or apart, particularly as a result of internal pressure

Gramatické Informace:

Neprůchodný
to fracture
to fracture
sloveso
f
f
r
r
a
æ
c
k
t
ʃ
u
ɜ
r
r
e
(prasknout)

(prasknout)

zlomit

to crack something into multiple parts or pieces

Gramatické Informace:

Neprůchodný
to rupture
to rupture
sloveso
r
r
u
ə
p
p
t
ʧ
u
ɜ
r
r
e
(rupturovat)

(rupturovat)

prasknout

(of a pipe or similar structure) to burst or break apart suddenly

Gramatické Informace:

Neprůchodný
to cleave
to cleave
sloveso
c
k
l
l
ea
i
v
v
e
(klít)

(klít)

rozříznout

to cut something using a sharp tool, often with precision and accuracy

Gramatické Informace:

Přechodný
to dismantle
sloveso
d
d
i
ɪ
s
s
m
m
a
æ
n
n
ə
t
l
l
e
(demontovat)

(demontovat)

rozložit

to take apart or destroy a structure or object

raise

Gramatické Informace:

Přechodný
to unscrew
sloveso
u
ʌ
n
n
s
s
c
k
r
r
e
u:
w
(odšroubovat víčko)

(odšroubovat víčko)

odšroubovat

to release or detach something by rotating it in a counter-clockwise direction, thereby loosening its fastening or connection

to shatter
to shatter
sloveso
sh
ʃ
a
æ
tt
t
e
ɜ
r
r
(činit tříštit)

(činit tříštit)

rozbít

to break suddenly into several pieces

Gramatické Informace:

Neprůchodný
to collapse
to collapse
sloveso
c
k
o
ə
ll
l
a
æ
p
p
s
s
e
(kolabovat)

(kolabovat)

zhroutit se

(of a construction) to fall down suddenly, particularly due to being damaged or weak

Gramatické Informace:

Neprůchodný
to demolish
to demolish
sloveso
d
d
e
ɪ
m
m
o
ɑ
l
l
i
ɪ
sh
ʃ
(demolovat)

(demolovat)

zbourat

to completely destroy or to knock down a building or another structure

Gramatické Informace:

Přechodný
soot
Podstatné jméno
s
s
oo
ʊ
t
t
(dehet)

(dehet)

saz

a black powdery substance produced by burning materials like wood or coal

exterior
exterior
Podstatné jméno
e
ɪ
x
ks
t
t
e
ɪ
r
r
io
r
r
(vnější povrch)

(vnější povrch)

exteriér

the outer surface or outermost layer of an object, building, etc.

inside
immersion
Podstatné jméno
i
ɪ
mm
m
e
ɜ
r
r
s
ʒ
io
ə
n
n
(immersní akce)

(immersní akce)

ponoření

the act of fully submerging something into a liquid or substance, typically for the purpose of soaking

emission
Podstatné jméno
e
ɪ
m
m
i
ɪ
ss
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(vypouštění)

(vypouštění)

emise

the act of producing or releasing something, especially gas or radiation, into the atmosphere or environment

inscription
Podstatné jméno
uk flag
/ˌɪnsˈkɹɪpʃən/
(inskripce)

(inskripce)

nápis

words, letters, or symbols that are engraved, carved, or written on a surface, often for commemorative, informational, or decorative purposes

particle
Podstatné jméno
p
p
a
ɑ
r
r
t
t
i
ə
c
k
ə
l
l
e
(molekula)

(molekula)

částice

a tiny, discrete unit of matter or substance that can range from subatomic particles like electrons and protons to larger particles like dust or sand grains

blaze
blaze
Podstatné jméno
b
b
l
l
a
z
z
e
(ohně)

(ohně)

plamen

a bright, intense flame or fire that burns strongly and produces a lot of light and heat

slat
Podstatné jméno
s
s
l
l
a
æ
t
t
(prkno)

(prkno)

latka

a narrow, flat piece of wood, metal, or plastic, typically used as a component in structures like fences, blinds, or furniture

enclosure
Podstatné jméno
e
ɛ
n
n
c
k
l
l
o
s
ʒ
u
ɜ
r
r
e
(krytý prostor)

(krytý prostor)

uzávěr

a space or area that is closed off or surrounded by walls, fences, or barriers, often used for containment, protection, or confinement

recess
Podstatné jméno
r
r
e
i
c
s
e
ɛ
ss
s
(nika)

(nika)

výklenek

a small indented area or alcove set back into a wall or other surface

What is a "recess"?

A recess is a set-back area or indentation in a wall or structure, often used to create space for various purposes. In architecture, recesses can hold features like windows, shelves, or artwork, adding depth and visual interest to a room. They can also provide functional benefits, such as creating nooks for seating or storage. Recesses are commonly found in both interior and exterior designs, contributing to the overall aesthetics and functionality of a space while allowing for creative design elements. Their varied applications make them a versatile feature in architectural design.

alcove
Podstatné jméno
a
æ
l
l
c
k
o
v
v
e
(výklenek)

(výklenek)

niky

a recessed part of a wall that is built further back from the rest of it

What is an "alcove"?

An alcove is a small, recessed space or nook within a room, often set off from the main area. It can be created by a wall or structure, and is commonly used for decorative purposes, furniture, or additional storage. Alcoves can be found in various places, such as living rooms, bedrooms, or hallways, providing a cozy or functional space within a larger room. They may also be used to house things like bookshelves, seating, or small works of art.

dent
Podstatné jméno
d
d
e
ɛ
n
n
t
t
(prohlubeň)

(prohlubeň)

důlek

a depression or hollow in a surface, typically caused by impact or pressure

rim
Podstatné jméno
r
r
i
ɪ
m
m
(ráfek)

(ráfek)

okraj

the outer edge or border of a circular object, often serving as a boundary or support

socket
Podstatné jméno
s
s
o
ɑ
ck
k
e
ə
t
t
(dírka)

(dírka)

zásuvka

a hollow part or cavity into which something fits, typically used to connect or hold objects in place

ridge
Podstatné jméno
r
r
i
ɪ
dg
ʤ
e
(výběžek)

(výběžek)

hřeben

a long, elevated strip or crest of land, rock, or geological formation that extends prominently above its surroundings

groove
Podstatné jméno
g
g
r
r
oo
u
v
v
e
(rýha)

(rýha)

drážka

a long, narrow cut or indentation, often linear in shape, that is typically found on surfaces such as columns, moldings, or panels in architectural design

What is a "groove"?

A groove is a long, narrow cut or indentation made in a surface, often used in various materials like wood, metal, or stone. This feature can serve multiple purposes, such as providing a decorative element, helping to align or fit parts together, or guiding movement, like in sliding doors. Grooves can vary in depth and width and are commonly found in furniture, flooring, and architectural details. They add texture and interest to a surface, enhancing the overall design while also serving functional roles in construction and manufacturing.

curbside
Podstatné jméno
c
k
u
ɜ
r
r
b
b
s
s
i
d
d
e
(silnice)

(silnice)

chodník

the area adjacent to the edge of a street or road where vehicles can park or where services, such as deliveries or pickups, often take place

What is the "curbside"?

The curbside refers to the area or space along the edge of a road, right next to the curb. It is where vehicles often park, load, or unload. The term is commonly used when talking about services or activities that happen near the curb, such as curbside pickup, where goods or passengers are picked up directly from the curb without the need to enter a building or facility. Curbside areas help manage traffic flow and provide space for people and vehicles to interact safely along the street.

slab
Podstatné jméno
s
s
l
l
a
æ
b
b
(slab)

(slab)

deska

a thick and flat piece of hard material, such as a stone, metal, wood, etc. that is usually in the shape of a square or rectangle

What is a "slab"?

A slab is a flat, horizontal surface made of materials like concrete, stone, or wood, often used as a building foundation, floor, or roof. It is usually thick and strong to support weight and distribute loads evenly. Slabs are common in construction for homes, buildings, and pavements, providing a sturdy and durable base for various structures.

abrasion
Podstatné jméno
a
ə
b
b
r
r
a
s
ʒ
io
ə
n
n
(otěr)

(otěr)

otrava

the process of wearing down or smoothing a surface through friction, typically caused by rubbing, scraping, or erosion

friction
Podstatné jméno
f
f
r
r
i
ɪ
c
k
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(odpor)

(odpor)

tření

the resistance that two surfaces moving on each other encounter

trench
Podstatné jméno
t
t
r
r
e
ɛ
n
n
ch
ʧ
(rád)

(rád)

příkop

a long, narrow excavation or ditch dug into the ground, typically for military purposes, drainage, or archaeological exploration

varnish
varnish
Podstatné jméno
v
v
a
ɑ
r
r
n
n
i
ɪ
sh
ʃ
(vrstva laku)

(vrstva laku)

lak

a clear or tinted coating made from resins, oils, and solvents that is applied to wood, metal, or other surfaces to provide a protective and decorative finish

What is "varnish"?

Varnish is a clear or tinted finish applied to surfaces like wood or metal to protect and improve their appearance. It is made from a mix of sticky substances and liquids that dry to form a hard, glossy coating. Varnish provides a durable, protective layer that can resist moisture, scratches, and sunlight, making surfaces look shiny and helping to protect them over time.

void
void
Podstatné jméno
v
v
oi
ɔɪ
d
d
(delič)

(delič)

prázdnota

an empty or vacant space within a solid object or within a larger area, typically devoid of substance

vacuum
Podstatné jméno
v
v
a
æ
c
k
uu
ju
m
m
(prázdnota)

(prázdnota)

vakua

a space that is utterly empty of all matter

airborne
Přídavné jméno
ai
ɛ
r
r
b
b
o
ɔ
r
r
n
n
e
(letový)

(letový)

vzdušný

related to something that is moving or transported through the air

dingy
Přídavné jméno
d
d
i
ɪ
n
n
g
ʤ
y
i
(opotřebovaný)

(opotřebovaný)

špinavý

looking dark, dirty, or shabby, often because of not being taken care of or cleaned properly

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