Části hudebních nástrojů

A key is a component of a musical instrument, such as a piano or wind instrument, that is pressed or activated to produce a sound. On a piano, keys are the individual levers that are pressed to strike the strings inside, creating notes. On wind instruments, keys are levers or buttons that open and close holes to change the pitch of the notes produced. The design and function of keys vary depending on the instrument, but they are essential for playing melodies and harmonies.

A string is a long, thin piece of material, usually made of metal, nylon, or gut, used in stringed musical instruments. It is stretched across the body of the instrument and vibrates when struck, plucked, or bowed to produce sound. The tension and thickness of the string determine its pitch, with tighter and thinner strings producing higher notes and looser or thicker strings producing lower notes. Strings are found in instruments such as guitars, violins, pianos, and harps, where they are essential for generating the instrument’s sound.

A fingerboard is the long, flat surface on a stringed musical instrument where the player presses down the strings to change their pitch. Found on instruments such as guitars, violins, and basses, the fingerboard is usually made of wood. Some fingerboards have frets or markers to help the player find the correct positions for different notes, while others, like those on violins and cellos, are fretless. By pressing the strings against the fingerboard, the player shortens their length, which raises the pitch of the notes produced. The design and condition of the fingerboard are important for the instrument's playability and sound quality.

A slide is a movable part found on certain brass instruments, such as trombones and slide trumpets. It is used to change the length of the instrument's tubing, which alters the pitch of the notes produced. By extending or retracting the slide, the musician can adjust the instrument's pitch smoothly and play a range of notes without the need for valves. The slide mechanism allows for greater control over pitch and tuning, and it is a key feature for creating smooth transitions between notes.

A sound hole is an opening in the body of a stringed instrument, such as a guitar or violin, designed to allow sound to escape and project outward. Located typically on the front of the instrument, the sound hole helps amplify and enhance the instrument’s sound by letting the vibrations from the strings resonate through the body. Its size and shape can influence the tone and volume of the instrument.

The body of a stringed instrument is the main, hollow part that amplifies and projects sound. It typically consists of the top, back, and sides of the instrument. The body provides the structure, supports the strings, and contains the soundboard and other internal components. Its shape, size, and material significantly influence the instrument’s tone, volume, and overall sound quality. The design of the body also affects how the instrument is held and played.

A pickup is a device on electric stringed instruments, such as guitars, that captures the vibrations of the strings and converts them into an electrical signal. This signal is then sent to an amplifier to produce sound. Pickups are usually located under the strings and can come in various types, including magnetic and pressure-sensitive. The design and placement of the pickup affect the instrument’s tone and overall sound. Additionally, pickups can be used on acoustic instruments to amplify their sound. They are typically installed in or near the sound hole or on the body of the acoustic instrument, allowing it to be heard more clearly in live performances or recordings.

A fallboard is the hinged cover on the front of a piano that protects the keys and internal components when the piano is not in use. It can be lifted or lowered to access the keyboard. When the fallboard is closed, it helps keep dust and debris away from the keys and prevents accidental damage. It also serves as a safety feature to prevent fingers or objects from accidentally getting caught in the piano. The fallboard is typically made of wood or a similar material that matches the piano’s exterior.