(biologická věda)
biologie
the scientific study of living organisms; the science that studies living organisms
Biology is the study of living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, and interactions with their environment. It covers a wide range of topics, from the molecular mechanisms within cells to the behavior of entire ecosystems. Biology helps us understand the diversity of life on Earth, how organisms adapt to their surroundings, and the processes that sustain life, such as metabolism, reproduction, and evolution.
(bioložka)
biolog
(biology) a person who studies the science that deals with living organisms
(okolnost)
cyklus
(biology) a series of transformations and events that happen in an animal or plant's lifetime
(dělit)
rozdělit
to separate people or things into two or more groups, parts, etc.
Gramatické Informace:
(bakteriální)
bakterie
(microbiology) single-celled microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms, and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral
(jednotka)
buňka
an organism's smallest unit, capable of functioning on its own
A cell is the basic structural and functional unit that forms the foundation of all living organisms. It is the smallest unit of life capable of carrying out essential processes, such as metabolism, reproduction, and responding to stimuli. Cells have specialized structures and organelles that enable them to perform specific functions, such as the nucleus containing genetic material, mitochondria producing energy, and the cell membrane regulating the exchange of substances. Together, cells make up various tissues, organs, and systems, working harmoniously to maintain the body's structure, function, and overall health.
(deoxyribonukleová kyselina)
DNA
(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule that contains the genetic instructions for the development, functioning, and reproduction of all living organisms. DNA is made of two long, twisted strands that form a spiral shape, and it carries the hereditary information used to build and maintain an organism. Each segment of DNA, called a gene, provides instructions for making specific proteins that influence traits and manage various bodily functions. DNA is found in the cells of all living things and is passed from parents to children, directing growth and development.
(biologický (vědecký))
biologický
relating to the science that explores living organisms and their functions
(vývoj)
evoluce
(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth
(evolvovat)
vyvíjet se
(biology) to change gradually and over generations into forms that are better adapted to the environment and fitter to survive
Gramatické Informace:
(dědičná jednotka)
gen
(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality
A gene is a segment of DNA that provides the instructions for making proteins, which are essential for the body's growth, development, and overall functioning. Genes influence traits such as eye color, blood type, and the likelihood of developing certain diseases. They are passed from parents to children and can affect how the body responds to environmental factors and treatments.
(genetické vědy)
genetika
the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes
(živý tvor)
organismus
a living thing such as a plant, animal, etc., especially a very small one that lives on its own
(species)
druh
a group that animals, plants, etc. of the same type which are capable of producing healthy offspring with each other are divided into
(úrodný)
plodný
(of an animal, person, or plant) able to produce offspring, fruit, or seed
(změna)
mutace
(biology) a change in the structure of the genes of an individual that causes them to develop different physical features
(organického původu)
organický
relating to a carbon-based compound that has a biological origin
(výmetabolismus)
metabolismus
the chemical processes through which food is changed into energy for the body to use
Metabolism refers to the complex set of biochemical processes that occur within cells to convert nutrients into energy and essential molecules for growth, repair, and maintenance. It encompasses both the breakdown of substances (catabolism) to release energy and the synthesis of molecules (anabolism) to build and maintain cellular structures. Metabolism influences the body's energy expenditure, regulation of body weight, hormone production, and overall physiological functioning. It is regulated by various factors, including genetics, age, diet, physical activity, and hormonal balance. Metabolism is a vital process that supports the body's basic functions and is closely linked to overall health and well-being.
(rozmnožovat se)
reprodukovat
(of a living being) to produce offspring or more of itself
Gramatické Informace:
(parazity)
parazit
(biology) a small organism that lives on or inside another organism, called a host, and is dependent on it for nutrition and growth
(přenášená látka)
tkáň
a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts
Tissue refers to a group or collection of specialized cells that work together to perform a specific function. Tissues can be categorized into four main types: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous. Epithelial tissue forms protective barriers and linings, connective tissue provides support and structure, muscle tissue enables movement and contraction, and nervous tissue facilitates communication and electrical signaling. Tissues are the building blocks of organs and systems, playing a vital role in maintaining the body's structure, function, and overall homeostasis.
(imunoglobulin)
protilátka
a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body
An antibody, also known as an immunoglobulin, is a specialized protein produced by white blood cells called B cells. It is a critical component of the immune system and plays a vital role in defending the body against invading pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and other harmful substances. Antibodies recognize and bind to specific molecules on the surface of these pathogens, marking them for destruction by other immune cells or neutralizing their harmful effects. They contribute to the body's ability to mount an immune response, provide immunity against future infections, and help maintain overall health and well-being.
(významný)
dominantní
(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome
(genetická manipulace)
genetické inženýrství
the science or process of deliberately modifying the features of a living organism by changing its genetic information
Gramatické Informace:
(mužský)
samec
belonging to the sex that cannot give birth to babies or lay eggs but is capable of fertilization of the opposite sex
(samčí)
ženský
belonging to the sex that is fertilized by the opposite sex and can lay eggs or give birth to babies
(vir)
virus
a microscopic agent that causes disease in people, animals, and plants
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