an illness, often a minor one
severe physical or mental pain
a group of medical signs that indicate a person is suffering from a particular disease or condition
characterized by severe intensity or seriousness
(of an illness) difficult to cure and long-lasting
(of a disease) transmittable from one person to another through close contact
unable to breathe easily
unable to keep one's balance and feeling as though everything is circling around one, caused by an illness or looking down from a high place
(of a part of the body) unusually large, particularly because of an injury or illness
a disease that causes shortness of breath and difficulty in breathing
Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways in the lungs. This inflammation can cause symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, coughing, and chest tightness. Asthma symptoms can vary in intensity and frequency, and they may be triggered by factors like allergens, exercise, cold air, or respiratory infections. While there is no cure for asthma, it can be managed effectively with medications such as inhalers to control inflammation and open the airways, as well as by avoiding triggers and adopting a healthy lifestyle. Regular monitoring and treatment can help people with asthma lead active and fulfilling lives while minimizing the risk of flare-ups and complications.
a dangerous disease among birds, especially poultry, that can be transmitted to humans and sometimes kill them
Gramatické Informace:
an infectious disease caused by a type of virus called coronavirus that causes fever, tiredness, a cough, etc., and in some cases can kill, originated in China and later became a pandemic
COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It mainly spreads when an infected person talks, coughs, or sneezes, releasing saliva or mucus. Symptoms can vary but commonly include fever, cough, fatigue, body aches, and loss of taste or smell. While most cases are mild, some individuals may experience serious complications, particularly older adults and those with underlying health conditions. Preventive measures like wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and getting vaccinated help reduce the spread of the disease and protect people against serious illness.
a medical condition in which body waste turns to liquid and comes out frequently
Diarrhea is a common condition where a person passes loose or watery stools more frequently than usual. It can be caused by various factors, including viral or bacterial infections, food poisoning, dietary changes, medications, or underlying medical conditions like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Symptoms of diarrhea may include frequent bowel movements, abdominal cramps, bloating, nausea, and sometimes fever. Treatment typically involves staying hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids, consuming bland foods, and avoiding foods and drinks that can worsen diarrhea, such as caffeine and dairy products. In some cases, over-the-counter medications may help ease symptoms. However, if diarrhea persists for more than a few days, or is accompanied by severe symptoms like dehydration, blood in the stool, or high fever, it is important to seek medical attention.
an illness that causes a runny nose and watery eyes, caused by dust from plants that come into the body through the air
Gramatické Informace:
the virus that causes a very dangerous disease called AIDS, transmitted through blood or sexual activity
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks the body's immune system, specifically targeting CD4 cells, which are crucial for fighting off infections. HIV can lead to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), a condition in which the immune system becomes severely weakened, leaving the body vulnerable to infections and certain cancers. HIV is primarily transmitted through sexual contact, sharing needles, or from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding. While there is no cure for HIV, antiretroviral therapy (ART) can effectively control the virus, allowing people with HIV to live long and healthy lives. Prevention actions such as practicing safe sex, using clean needles, and HIV testing are essential for reducing the spread of the virus.
a contagious disease that causes high fever and small red spots on the body, common in children
Measles is a highly contagious viral infection caused by the measles virus. It primarily affects children and is spread when an infected person coughs or sneezes, releasing saliva or mucus. Symptoms typically include high fever, cough, runny nose, red eyes, and a characteristic red, spotty skin rash that usually starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body. Measles can lead to serious complications such as pneumonia, encephalitis, and even death, especially in young children and those with weakened immune systems. Vaccination is highly effective in preventing measles and is part of the routine vaccination schedule in many countries.
a dangerous disease spread by rats that causes fever and swellings, often kills if infected
Plague is a serious bacterial infection caused by a bacterium called Yersinia pestis. It is usually spread through the bite of infected fleas, which can carry the bacterium from rodents to humans. Plague has historically caused widespread pandemics, like the Black Death in the Middle Ages, but today it is rare and mostly occurs in specific regions, particularly in parts of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. Symptoms may include fever, chills, weakness, swollen glands, and difficulty breathing. Quick treatment with antibiotics is crucial to prevent serious complications and death. Public health measures, such as controlling rodents and preventing flea bites, are also important for stopping the spread of plague.
a dangerous condition in which a person loses consciousness as a result of a blood vessel breaking open or becoming blocked in their brain, which could kill or paralyze a part of their body
A stroke occurs when part of the brain does not receive enough oxygen and nutrients because the blood supply is cut off or reduced. This can happen because of a blockage in an artery, known as an ischemic stroke, or the bursting of a blood vessel, known as a hemorrhagic stroke. Symptoms of a stroke include sudden numbness or weakness in the face, arm, or leg, especially on one side of the body, difficulty speaking or understanding speech, confusion, trouble walking, dizziness, and an intense headache. Immediate medical attention is critical for treating a stroke, as early treatment can minimize brain damage and improve outcomes. Treatment may involve medications, procedures to remove blood clots, and rehabilitation to regain lost functions.
a swollen area on the skin filled with liquid, caused by constant rubbing or by burning
A blister is a small, fluid-filled bump on the skin. It forms when the outer layer of the skin becomes damaged, often due to friction, burns, or irritation. The fluid inside the blister helps protect the damaged skin and promote healing. Blisters can vary in size and may be painful or itchy. They usually heal on their own within a few days as the body reabsorbs the fluid and the skin underneath repairs itself. Avoiding further irritation and keeping the blister clean can help prevent infection and promote faster healing.
a swollen area under the skin, usually caused by a sickness or injury
a part of one's skin covered with red spots, which is usually caused by a sickness or an allergic reaction
a mark that is left on one's skin after a wound or cut has healed
an area of one's body that has become unusually larger, caused by an injury or sickness
a situation in which a person suddenly falls down or loses consciousness because of tiredness or an illness
a feeling of extreme tiredness that is usually caused by physical or mental overwork or exercise
a crack or break in a bone or other hard substance
to regain health after an illness or become successful again after facing difficulties
Gramatické Informace:
to state that one feels ill or one's body part is in pain
Gramatické Informace:
to suddenly lose consciousness from a lack of oxygen in the brain, which is caused by a shock, etc.
to transmit a disease to a person, animal, or plant
Gramatické Informace:
someone who cannot stop taking, using, or smoking a substance
a person or animal that carries a disease, without suffering from it themselves, and transmits to other people or animals
A carrier is a person or animal that has microorganisms in their body that can cause diseases but does not show symptoms of the disease. Despite not being sick, carriers can still spread the infection to others. This can happen with various diseases, such as typhoid fever or certain types of viral infections. Identifying carriers is important in controlling the spread of infectious diseases, and measures may include monitoring, isolation, or treatment to prevent transmission.
the rapid spread of an infectious disease within a specific population, community, or region, affecting a significant number of individuals at the same time
An epidemic is an outbreak of a disease that spreads quickly and affects a large number of people within a community, region, or population at the same time, in contrast to a pandemic, which is a global outbreak of a disease. An epidemic often involves illnesses that were previously controlled or uncommon in the area. The spread can happen through person-to-person contact, contaminated food or water, or other methods. Public health measures, such as vaccination, quarantine, and hygiene practices, are typically used to control and prevent further spread of the disease.
a disease that spreads across a large region or even across the world
A pandemic is a global outbreak of a disease that affects a large number of people across multiple countries or continents. Unlike an epidemic, which is limited to a specific area, a pandemic has a much broader geographic impact and can lead to widespread illness and disruption. Examples include the COVID-19 pandemic and the 1918 influenza pandemic. Controlling a pandemic typically involves working together across countries, widespread public health measures, vaccination campaigns, and efforts to reduce the spread of the disease through quarantine and hygiene practices.
the unexpected start of something terrible, such as a disease
(biology) a small organism that lives on or inside another organism, called a host, and is dependent on it for nutrition and growth
a brief shaking movement of one's body as a result of fear or being cold
exhausted because of too much physical work
having difficulty breathing through one's nose, often due to a cold or allergy
(of a body part) to become sore or irritated due to being rubbed against something
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