Zdravotnictví a lékařství

A lozenge is a small, typically flavored tablet designed to dissolve slowly in the mouth to deliver medication directly to the throat and mouth. They release their active ingredients gradually as they dissolve, providing targeted relief. Lozenges are commonly used to calm sore throats, relieve coughs, or treat mouth infections.

Orthopedics is the branch of medicine that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of bone and muscle disorders and injuries. Specialists in this field treat conditions affecting the bones, joints, muscles, ligaments, and tendons of the body. They provide care for a wide range of issues, including fractures, arthritis, sports injuries, spinal deformities, and conditions present at birth. Orthopedics involves both surgical and non-surgical treatments, such as medications, physical therapy, braces, and orthotic devices, to improve mobility, ease pain, and restore function to the skeletal system.

Geriatrics is the branch of medicine that focuses on the healthcare of elderly individuals. Geriatricians, medical professionals in this field, specialize in diagnosing, treating, and preventing health conditions that commonly affect older adults. They deal with a wide range of issues such as chronic diseases, mental issues, mobility problems, and medication management in older patients. Geriatrics emphasizes the importance of considering the unique physical, emotional, and social needs of older adults. Geriatricians work to improve the quality of life and promote healthy aging for elderly individuals.

A biopsy is a medical procedure where a small sample of tissue is taken from the body to be examined under a microscope. This is done to diagnose diseases, such as cancer, or to evaluate the seriousness of a condition. The tissue sample can be taken from almost any part of the body using a needle, endoscope, or during surgery. Biopsies help doctors understand the cause of symptoms, decide on the best treatment plan, and check the effectiveness of the treatment. Depending on the area being examined, the procedure might be quick and simple, or it may require more preparation and recovery time.

A prognosis is a professional prediction about how a disease or medical condition is likely to progress and what the outcome might be. It is based on a patient’s current health, medical history, and test results. A prognosis helps guess how well a patient might recover, the potential for complications, and the overall future of their health.