(πολυμερική ένωση (polymirikí énosi))
πολύμερές (polýmeres)
a large molecule composed of repeating structural units, or monomers, covalently bonded together in a chain-like structure
(ισοτοπία)
ισότοπο
each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, leading to variation in atomic mass
(αντιδραστικός (χημικός))
αντιδραστικός
having a tendency to to undergo chemical reactions
(ραδιενεργός)
ραδιοδραστικός
containing or relating to a dangerous form of energy produced by nuclear reactions
(μοριακός δεσμός)
κοινοτικό δεσμό
a chemical bond where atoms share electrons to form a stable molecule
Γραμματικές Πληροφορίες:
(διπλή σύνδεση)
διπλός δεσμός
a type of chemical bond between two atoms involving the sharing of two pairs of electrons, resulting in a stronger and more stable connection than a single bond
(υδροφιλής)
υδροφιλικός
defining substances or surfaces that have a strong attraction to water molecules, allowing them to easily absorb or interact with water
(υδροφοβική)
υδροφοβικός
characterized by substances or surfaces that repel water molecules, showing little or no affinity for water
(αντίδραση εξώθερμη)
εξώθερμη αντίδραση
a chemical reaction that releases heat energy to its surroundings, typically resulting in a temperature increase
(ενδοθερμική αντίδραση (χημική))
ενδοθερμική αντίδραση
a chemical process that absorbs heat energy from its surroundings, often resulting in a temperature decrease
(ατομική μάζα στοιχείου)
ατομική μάζα
the weighted average mass of an atom of an element, taking into account the masses of all its naturally occurring isotopes
(μάζα μορίου)
μοριακή μάζα
the total mass of all the atoms in a single molecule of a substance
(αριθμός μάζας)
μαζικός αριθμός
the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
(ουσία)
μόλυβδος
a fundamental unit in chemistry that represents the amount of substance containing as many entities (atoms, molecules) as there are in 12 grams of carbon-12
(κατακόρυφος κύλινδρος)
δοχείο
a container usually made of glass or plastic used in chemistry and laboratory
A beaker is a wide, cylindrical container used in laboratories for mixing, heating, or holding liquids and chemicals. It is typically made of glass or plastic and has a flat bottom for stability. Beakers often have markings on the side to show measurements, making it easier to measure and pour liquids accurately. They usually have a small spout at the top for easy pouring and are commonly used in science experiments or in classrooms to perform basic chemical processes or mix substances.
(πιπέτα εργαστηρίου)
πιπέτα
a laboratory tool used to measure and transfer small volumes of liquid
A pipette is a small, tube-like tool used to transfer or measure liquids in precise amounts. It is typically made of glass or plastic and has a narrow, long shape with a bulb at one end. The bulb is squeezed to draw liquid into the pipette, which can then be released by squeezing the bulb again. Pipettes are commonly used in laboratories, especially in experiments that require accurate measurements of liquids, such as in chemical reactions or medical testing. Some pipettes are graduated to show different volumes, while others are used for transferring a fixed amount of liquid.
(κεντρομόλος)
κεντριφuga
a device that spins samples to separate components based on density
A centrifuge is a device used in laboratories to separate substances of different weights from a liquid mixture. It does this by spinning the mixture very quickly, causing heavier materials to move outward and leaving lighter materials closer to the center. This process allows scientists and researchers to separate and study substances like cells, proteins, or DNA in biological samples. Centrifuges are essential tools in various scientific fields for performing tests, experiments, and analyses efficiently.
(χαρτί δείκτη)
δείκτης χαρτί
a special paper treated with chemicals that change color in response to certain conditions, used to test for the presence of specific substances or measure pH levels
(Περιοδικός πίνακας στοιχείων)
Περιοδικός πίνακας
a tabular arrangement of chemical elements organized based on their atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties
(εντοπισμός ασβεστίου)
ασβέστωσις
the process where calcium or calcium salts accumulate in a tissue, making it hard and rigid
(τίτρωση)
τιτλοδότηση
a laboratory method used to determine the concentration of a substance in a solution by gradually adding a reagent of known concentration until a reaction is completed
(ζυµώση)
ζύμωση
the process by which microorganisms convert carbohydrates into alcohol, acids, or gases
Fermentation is a natural metabolic process that converts sugars into acids, gases, or alcohol, often with the help of microorganisms such as yeast or bacteria. In the context of food and beverages, fermentation is commonly used to produce a wide variety of products, including bread, cheese, yogurt, beer, wine, and sauerkraut, among others. During fermentation, microorganisms break down the sugars present in the starting material, releasing energy and producing byproducts such as carbon dioxide, alcohol, or lactic acid. These byproducts often contribute to the flavor, texture, and preservation of the final product. Fermentation can occur spontaneously in some cases, but it is often carefully controlled and monitored in food production to achieve consistent results and ensure food safety.
(συγκέντρωση ουσίας)
συγκέντρωση
the measure of how much of a substance is present in a certain volume of solution
(μικροσκοπικό όργανο)
μικροπροβολο
a device used to analyze the chemical composition of small samples at a microscopic scale
(πολυπαραγοντική κράμα)
πολυσύνθετος κράμα
a type of metallic material composed of three or more elements mixed together in varying proportions
(ριζικός σύνθετος)
ριζική ομάδα
a group of atoms bonded together that behaves as a single unit within a molecule
(ανάλυση)
δοκιμή
a test that measures the presence, amount, or activity of a specific substance in a sample, often used in scientific and medical research
(ισορροπημένη κατάσταση)
ισορροπία
a state in a chemical reaction where the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate, resulting in no net change in the concentrations of reactants and products
(ηλεκτρολυτική αποσύνθεση)
ηλεκτρόλυση
(chemistry) the process of separating a liquid or solution into its parts by passing electricity through it
(αφομοιώνω)
διαλύω
(of a solid) to become one with a liquid
Γραμματικές Πληροφορίες:
(αραίω)
αραιώνω
to make a solution or mixture weaker or less concentrated by adding more liquid
Γραμματικές Πληροφορίες:
(διασκορπίζω)
αναστέλλω
to disperse fine particles throughout a fluid so they remain evenly distributed without settling
Γραμματικές Πληροφορίες:
(διαλυτοποίηση)
διάλυση
the process of dispersing or dissolving a substance into a solvent to form a homogeneous solution
(μικροδομή (mikrodomi))
μικροstructure (mikrostructure)
the arrangement, composition, and characteristics of a material at a microscopic level
(νανοσωλήνες)
νανοσωλήνας
a tiny, tube-shaped structure made of carbon atoms, with remarkable strength and electrical properties
(τήκτος)
λιωμένος
heated to a liquid state due to high temperatures
(στάδιο)
φάση
a phase is a distinct form of matter with uniform chemical and physical properties, separated from other forms by boundaries
(αποτοξικοποιώ)
αποτοξίνωση
to eliminate or neutralize harmful substances
Γραμματικές Πληροφορίες:
(κρυσταλλικός)
κρυσταλλινός
denoting substances with a highly organized molecular structure, akin to crystals
(κρυσταλλολογιστής)
κρυσταλλογράφος
a scientist who studies the structure and properties of crystals
(κοσμοχημεία)
κοσμοχημικός
a scientist who studies the chemical composition and processes of celestial bodies to understand the formation and evolution of the universe
(χρωματογραφική ανάλυση)
χρωματογραφία
a laboratory technique used to separate and analyze mixtures of substances based on their differential affinities for a stationary phase and a mobile phase
(διάσπαση βήτα)
βήτα διάσπαση
a type of radioactive decay where a nucleus emits a beta particle (electron or positron) to transform a neutron into a proton or vice versa
(ανεπίφορτος)
μη φορτισμένος
not having an electrical charge
(συμπυκνωτής)
συνθλιπτής
a device that turns vapor into liquid by cooling it
A condenser is a laboratory device used to cool and condense vapors back into liquid form. It typically consists of a tube through which vapor passes, surrounded by a layer of cold water that cools the vapor as it moves through. The cooled vapor then turns back into liquid and can be collected in a separate container. Condensers are commonly used in distillation processes, where heat is applied to a liquid to separate its components, and in other experiments that involve heating and cooling substances. The cold water helps ensure the vapor does not escape.
(δυνάμεις του Van der Waals)
δυνάμεις του Van der Waals
weak attractive forces between molecules or atoms, arising from temporary or induced dipoles
(μεταλλουργικός επιστήμονας)
μεταλλουργός
a scientist or engineer who specializes in the study and production of metals and alloys, including their properties, processing methods, and applications
(προσρόφησης)
προσρόφηση
the process by which molecules of a substance adhere to the surface of a solid or liquid, forming a thin film or layer
(βιοκαύσιμο)
βιοντίζελ
a renewable, alternative fuel made from organic materials such as vegetable oils, animal fats, or recycled cooking grease
Biodiesel is a type of fuel made from natural oils, such as vegetable oil or animal fat, that can be used in diesel engines. It is considered a cleaner alternative to regular diesel because it produces fewer harmful gases. Biodiesel can be used on its own or mixed with regular diesel. Since it is made from renewable sources, it helps reduce reliance on fossil fuels. However, producing biodiesel requires land and resources, which can affect food production and the environment.
(ευτεκτικό μείγμα)
ευτεκτικά
a specific composition of a mixture of substances, typically metals or alloys, where the melting point is at its lowest possible temperature under atmospheric pressure
(υπερ-απορροφητική ουσία)
υπερθετικη ουσία
a substance capable of absorbing and retaining a large amount of liquid relative to its own mass
Συγχαρητήρια! !
Έμαθες 51 λέξεις από SAT Chemistry Vocabulary. Για να βελτιώσεις τη μάθηση και την επανάληψη του λεξιλογίου, ξεκίνα να εξασκείσαι!
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