Law

punitive damages

Sustantivo

/pjˈuːnɪtˌɪv dˈæmɪdʒᵻz/

(indemnización punitiva)

daños punitivos

an extra financial compensation awarded in a lawsuit to punish the defendant for bad behavior and deter future wrongdoing

to co-sign

Verbo

/kˈoʊsˈaɪn/

(cofirmar un préstamo)

cofirmar

to sign a document or agreement jointly with another person, taking equal responsibility for fulfilling its terms

intestacy

Sustantivo

/ɪn.tɛs.tə.si/ or /in.tes.tē.si/

i

ɪ

n

n

t

t

e

ɛ

s

s

t

t

a

ə

c

s

y

i

intestado

the condition of dying without a valid will, leaving the distribution of one's estate to be determined by the laws of intestate succession rather than specific instructions in a will

bar

Sustantivo

/bɑr/ or /baar/

b

b

a

ɑ

r

r

(el estrado)

la barra

the physical railing or barrier in a courtroom that separates participants from the judge

litigator

Sustantivo

/lɪ.tə.geɪ.tɜr/ or /li.tē.gei.tēr/

l

l

i

ɪ

t

t

i

ə

g

g

a

eɪ

t

t

o

ɜ

r

r

litigante

a lawyer who specializes in bringing a lawsuit against people or organizations in a court of law

probable cause

Sustantivo

/pɹˈɑːbəbəl kˈɔːz/

(fundamento suficiente)

causa probable

the reasonable suspicion that a crime has occurred or will occur

injunction

Sustantivo

/ɪn.ʤənk.ʃən/ or /in.jēnk.shēn/

i

ɪ

n

n

j

ʤ

u

ə

n

n

c

k

t

ʃ

io

ə

n

n

(mandamiento judicial)

injunción

a legal order from a court that requires a party to do or refrain from doing a specific action

affidavit

Sustantivo

/æ.fə.deɪ.vət/ or /ā.fē.dei.vēt/

a

æ

ff

f

i

ə

d

d

a

eɪ

v

v

i

ə

t

t

afidávit

a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court

deposition

Sustantivo

/dɛ.pə.zɪ.ʃən/ or /de.pē.zi.shēn/

d

d

e

ɛ

p

p

o

ə

s

z

i

ɪ

t

ʃ

io

ə

n

n

(testimonio)

declaración

a recorded testimony given outside of court by a witness or party involved in a legal case, used as evidence in future proceedings

notary

Sustantivo

/noʊ.tɜ.ri/ or /nooo.tē.ri/

n

n

o

oʊ

t

t

a

ɜ

r

r

y

i

notario

an official authorized to conduct particular legal formalities, especially to make documents legally acceptable

adjournment

Sustantivo

/ə.ʤɜrn.mənt/ or /ē.jērn.mēnt/

a

ə

d

j

ʤ

ou

ɜ

r

r

n

n

m

m

e

ə

n

n

t

t

(aplazamiento)

suspensión

the temporary suspension or postponement of a legal proceeding or meeting

docket

Sustantivo

/dɑ.kət/ or /daa.kēt/

d

d

o

ɑ

ck

k

e

ə

t

t

(registro de casos)

lista de casos

a list of cases scheduled for a court's consideration, including details such as case numbers, parties involved, and hearing dates

acquittal

Sustantivo

/ək.wɪ.təl/ or /ēk.vi.tēl/

a

ə

c

k

q

u

w

i

ɪ

tt

t

a

ə

l

l

(exculpación)

absolución

an official judgment in court of law that declares someone not guilty of the crime they were charged with

infraction

Sustantivo

/ɪn.fræk.ʃən/ or /in.frāk.shēn/

i

ɪ

n

n

f

f

r

r

a

æ

c

k

t

ʃ

io

ə

n

n

infracción

the act of breaking or not obeying a law, agreement, etc.

indictment

Sustantivo

/ɪn.daɪt.mənt/ or /in.dait.mēnt/

i

ɪ

n

n

d

d

i

aɪ

c

t

t

m

m

e

ə

n

n

t

t

acusación

a formal accusation of a crime

parole

Sustantivo

/pɜ.roʊl/ or /pē.roool/

p

p

a

ɜ

r

r

o

oʊ

l

l

e

(libertad bajo palabra)

libertad condicional

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

to infringe

Verbo

/ɪnf.rɪnʤ/ or /inf.rinj/

i

ɪ

n

n

f

f

r

r

i

ɪ

n

n

g

ʤ

e

(violar)

infringir

to violate someone's rights or property

to annul

Verbo

/æ.nəl/ or /ā.nēl/

a

æ

nn

n

u

ə

l

l

(invalidar)

anular

to invalidate a legal agreement

subpoena

Sustantivo

/sə.pi.nə/ or /sē.pi.nē/

s

s

u

ə

b

p

p

oe

i

n

n

a

ə

citación

a legal document issued by a court or administrative agency, compelling an individual to appear as a witness, produce certain documents, or provide testimony in a legal proceeding

to exempt

Verbo

/ɪ.gzɛmpt/ or /i.gzempt/

e

ɪ

x

gz

e

ɛ

m

m

p

p

t

t

eximir

to officially excuse someone from a requirement or obligation

to remand

Verbo

/rɪ.mænd/ or /ri.mānd/

r

r

e

ɪ

m

m

a

æ

n

n

d

d

remitir

to send a case back to a court of lower authority for additional reconsideration or review

case law

Sustantivo

/kˈeɪs lˈɔː/

(normativa judicial)

jurisprudencia

the body of law formed by judicial decisions and precedents established in past court cases, used as a basis for deciding similar issues in subsequent legal proceedings

to rescind

Verbo

/ris.ɪnd/ or /ris.ind/

r

r

e

i

s

s

c

i

ɪ

n

n

d

d

(anular, derogar)

rescindir

to officially cancel a law, decision, agreement, etc.

remit

Sustantivo

/ri.mɪt/ or /ri.mit/

r

r

e

i

m

m

i

ɪ

t

t

(traslado)

remisión

the process of sending a legal case from one court to another for review or resolution, often due to jurisdictional or procedural reasons

ordinance

Sustantivo

/ɔr.də.nəns/ or /awr.dē.nēns/

o

ɔ

r

r

d

d

i

ə

n

n

a

ə

n

n

c

s

e

ordenanza

an official rule or order that is imposed by the law or someone with authority