(mina de piedra)
cantera
a site where large quantities of rock, stone, or minerals are extracted from the Earth's crust for industrial use or construction purposes
(fractura)
falla
a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock, along which there has been significant displacement due to tectonic forces
(estrato basal)
roca madre
solid rock beneath surface materials, forming the Earth's crust foundation
(esquistos)
pizarras
a type of fine-grained sedimentary rock made from compacted clay or mud particles, known for its ability to split into thin layers
(piedra basáltica)
basalto
a type of dark, fine-grained igneous rock formed from cooled lava, characterized by its dense composition and typically dark gray to black color
(fósil indicativo)
fósil guía
a fossilized organism that is useful for dating and correlating the strata in which it is found, typically indicative of a particular time period in Earth's geological history
(inyección)
intrusión
(geology) the injection of magma into existing rock formations underground
(roca ígnea)
ígneo
(of rock) formed from cooled magma or lava
(metamórfica)
metamórfico
related to rocks transformed by intense heat, pressure, or chemical processes, altering their mineral composition and texture
tectónico
relating to the movement and arrangement of the Earth's crust
fundir
to extract metal from its ore by heating and melting it in a furnace
(residuo de fundición)
escoria
the byproduct of smelting ore that forms a glass-like material, often found as a residue in mining and metalworking activities
(era mesozoica)
mesozoico
the period of time from about 252 to 66 million years ago, characterized by the dominance of dinosaurs and the gradual breakup of the supercontinent Pangaea
(olivino)
olivina
a mineral with a greenish hue, commonly found in igneous rocks like basalt and peridotite, known for its high magnesium and iron content
(minerales de piroxeno)
piroxeno
a group of minerals found in igneous and metamorphic rocks, typically dark in color and composed of silica, magnesium, and iron
(feldespato mineral)
feldespato
a group of minerals that are the most abundant components in the Earth's crust, known for their hardness and varied colors, often used in ceramics and glassmaking
(arcillita)
argilita
a type of rock formed from clay minerals that have been compressed and hardened over time, creating a dense and often smooth-textured material
(geóloga)
geólogo
a scientist who studies the Earth's structure, composition, processes, and history, including rocks, minerals, fossils, and geological phenomena
(sismóloga)
sismólogo
a scientist who specializes in the study of earthquakes and seismic waves, investigating their causes, effects, and patterns
epicentro
the point on the surface of the earth vertically above the focus of an earthquake where its effects are felt most strongly
(seísmo)
terremoto
an earthquake caused by underground movement or volcanic activity
erupción
the sudden outburst of lava and steam from a volcanic mountain
(vulcanología)
volcanología
a branch of geology that focuses on the study of volcanoes, volcanic activity, and related phenomena
(caverna volcánica)
caldera
a large, basin-shaped volcanic crater formed by the collapse of a volcano after a massive eruption
(cuarzo)
cuarcita
a tough type of rock that starts as sandstone but changes under intense heat and pressure underground, becoming very hard and durable
(exposición geológica)
afloramiento
a visible exposure of rock or geological strata at the Earth's surface, often occurring on hillsides, cliffs, or other elevated areas, providing insight into the underlying geological structure
geotérmico
connected with or produced by the heat inside the earth
(abatimiento)
cuenca
a large, bowl-shaped depression or low-lying area on the Earth's surface, typically surrounded by higher landforms and often filled with sedimentary deposits
(subducción tectónica)
subducción
a geological process where one tectonic plate moves under another and sinks into the Earth's mantle
(capa de manto)
manto
the region of the Earth's interior, lying beneath the crust and extending to the outer core, composed of solid rock that can deform and flow over geological time scales
(arcilla de caolín)
caolinita
a soft, white clay mineral formed from the weathering of aluminum-rich rocks, used widely in ceramics, paper production, and as a filler in some medications
¡Felicidades! !
Aprendiste 31 palabras de ACT Geology Vocabulary. Para mejorar el aprendizaje y revisar el vocabulario, ¡comienza a practicar!
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