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Point of view (POV) refers to the perspective from which a story is told, influencing how the events, characters, and emotions are presented to the audience. It determines whether the narrator is using a first-person POV, being a character within the story, a second-person POV, directly addressing the audience, or a third-person POV, which is outside the story. In third-person narration, it can be limited, focusing on the thoughts and experiences of one character, or omniscient, providing insight into the thoughts and feelings of all characters. The chosen point of view affects the reader’s connection to the characters and their understanding of the narrative.

Coherence refers to the logical connections and consistency in a piece of writing or speech, allowing ideas to flow smoothly and making it easier for the audience to understand the message. It ensures that different parts of the text or conversation relate to each other in a meaningful way, helping to create a clear overall structure. For example, in a coherent essay, each paragraph builds on the previous one and contributes to the main argument, guiding the reader through the content without confusion. Coherence is important in effective communication, as it enhances clarity and comprehension.