influence

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=aW5mbHVlbmNl&hash=371e7ab118e4d2524aeb10b40c63c35c02b9227a&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=aW5mbHVlbmNl&hash=bc1880a2bb3f70b39b0023a3e7c26f7772edddec&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

to advance

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gYWR2YW5jZQ&hash=ab8da52013726dac0353bd14ce89e19b21c347c7&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gYWR2YW5jZQ&hash=95147b31999de6d6bf62a54a48576bcb84eb13bc&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

contact

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Y29udGFjdA&hash=a1b56ba168bc03d9c0a75bb84c4fe0f3addc5e59&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Y29udGFjdA&hash=188537718675c5bbcf77410ed06dbf7ec40d178b&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

study

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c3R1ZHk&hash=6d25a05251404418f011025bfc7ab2fd7593434f&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c3R1ZHk&hash=8d88f1fed8df474cbfdf5fed6ce1b48d6763f20d&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

observation

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=b2JzZXJ2YXRpb24&hash=9d5664a6f9ac7488dd3b83fc1214320d263f6444&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=b2JzZXJ2YXRpb24&hash=731e55e8fddeda472184fd520585b1c2d3936ef4&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

extensive

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZXh0ZW5zaXZl&hash=b6d53e12edb6bea8947534cee61d9ee0f5aadd7f&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZXh0ZW5zaXZl&hash=a6fa5dc16947a5878d6346654b72500bc9e79c38&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

speculation

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c3BlY3VsYXRpb24&hash=55494dfd2e3edc143208c53d2e27e49f0ad24328&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c3BlY3VsYXRpb24&hash=d674bd2efee7a0d8e59ebc07967aa433192530f5&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

parallel

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cGFyYWxsZWw&hash=ddcb11f9608f03524d63fdd6fc3f55d2208d6442&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cGFyYWxsZWw&hash=c2696caa0461ec55d39b5684da0361fff7e7fec4&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

A biographer is a person who writes detailed accounts of other people's lives. They research and gather information about their subjects, including personal experiences, achievements, and significant events. The goal of a biographer is to present a comprehensive and insightful portrayal of their subject, often highlighting their impact and contributions to society. Biographers use various sources such as interviews, documents, and historical records to create an accurate and engaging narrative.

Who is a "biographer"?

biographer

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YmlvZ3JhcGhlcg&hash=51490aa27414bcb01ac85a1edc1a6763aba252d5&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YmlvZ3JhcGhlcg&hash=871806640f332add2cf4c870e141d0ba19215e29&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

accurate

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YWNjdXJhdGU&hash=c5b085f3b07b40a5efba50be48ec9da58453c312&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YWNjdXJhdGU&hash=c586be3d1159839ab26b53895003d58e785490dc&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

to [take] shape

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gdGFrZSBzaGFwZQ&hash=efc0bc8081b25eb3dfbb1834ca7443b017a3d7ef&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gdGFrZSBzaGFwZQ&hash=360588fb59cad5d916a41fee67609115351cec58&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

to evolve

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gZXZvbHZl&hash=3ab17eb073ccb0d1a4915046162f3f514ce998de&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gZXZvbHZl&hash=619151db155263592c361e56e7055de570c0b86d&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

firmly

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZmlybWx5&hash=bd09412ce37eade5a799900f9fca1c54488053eb&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZmlybWx5&hash=b64ee7e77f9508cf21b88ea6e4437f9cf4c2c132&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

to [be] of the opinion that

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gYmUgb2YgdGhlIG9waW5pb24gdGhhdA&hash=bb20b5eb9c01bf0db39d32ad6ec9e33c82f301e2&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gYmUgb2YgdGhlIG9waW5pb24gdGhhdA&hash=4ef543db95b1c95f5ce572912a5147be2cebdf4b&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

sense

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c2Vuc2U&hash=4ed8873697f07228028dd927f31e1d36c18fc2e7&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c2Vuc2U&hash=af21e44e0c38898bf2c3cedaa355c1428249f4d5&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

apparent

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YXBwYXJlbnQ&hash=834addc2efc647deb364a1b029d0bc6822c4f3b9&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YXBwYXJlbnQ&hash=68ea518422f0b65d0236cd265b1b43edd0efff30&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

retrospectively

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cmV0cm9zcGVjdGl2ZWx5&hash=5f624bd77d426835803d748156c52dc73d270eb0&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cmV0cm9zcGVjdGl2ZWx5&hash=0905c3dd1530e3c288eadb4c14a1e55400013c40&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

happenstance

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=aGFwcGVuc3RhbmNl&hash=47620a2d4f3ad6dba75087501b1df16e0033d5b5&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=aGFwcGVuc3RhbmNl&hash=46e4ce5a1c2dc771e0aefff4d96323739f5294f9&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

coherent

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Y29oZXJlbnQ&hash=bc2b83310a415aa6660c9eee37ef5a0619beba5f&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Y29oZXJlbnQ&hash=8c15c2a48648d871ec63b75f6323a177210b20c2&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

a narrative is a structured representation of events, situations, or processes that is crafted to align with a specific set of aims or values. These narratives are not merely descriptive; they are often constructed to support particular ideologies, influence public perception, or advance a political agenda. For instance, a political narrative might highlight certain achievements or downplay negative aspects to create a favorable image of a policy or leader. Similarly, in sociology, narratives can shape societal understanding by framing issues like inequality or social change in a way that reflects the values and goals of a particular group or institution. Essentially, narratives in these fields serve to guide interpretations and actions by presenting information in a way that conforms to overarching objectives.

What is a "narrative"?

narrative

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=bmFycmF0aXZl&hash=c0be8192151db2fa8268cc52fcee6600569a67fc&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=bmFycmF0aXZl&hash=38d50fb754fac030227e0ca6d21ab9408fc109d4&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

to dispute

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gZGlzcHV0ZQ&hash=3fc735605b095869eda960fc059a0af7083aa860&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gZGlzcHV0ZQ&hash=a923d0935886b83ac29641144a8d4ceb4ac40212&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

to defend

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gZGVmZW5k&hash=4c137ebeb370bcd90c2f366082182b519c227d84&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gZGVmZW5k&hash=09afdbf0f52f6c83e247a524cbe3bfd3dc7a2813&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

respected

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cmVzcGVjdGVk&hash=15000f1ccc0cb1664da0fa10d20df22e7a3a6474&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cmVzcGVjdGVk&hash=5b666d632b0b8c1e9b78caac4f6c25f30eb1fcb8&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

publication

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cHVibGljYXRpb24&hash=9c10d21a1ef942d246d851c61a7c4d0e42e316fa&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cHVibGljYXRpb24&hash=b003d5795ac3e32594aa6316ffceb0a1044753f0&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

to rely on

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gcmVseSBvbg&hash=29f5253ce058a7a830e43caf6b8db096bfbc2cf0&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gcmVseSBvbg&hash=28e6c57e5333ed298ae9c8bf598abe6cb6d89adf&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

range

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cmFuZ2U&hash=36d2598467090277c1ec6dec802a0488e9900a22&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cmFuZ2U&hash=8d9815ffd4b96f7e33b07eb65d75968e37769267&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

modest

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=bW9kZXN0&hash=9038b105d9da1bab4a5869d38ab6626dddc0251c&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=bW9kZXN0&hash=477bb07b815924914afaa3e5523a69bda6bc50ef&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

vast

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dmFzdA&hash=7523bca9f2a18aeb10544f30627e5d4f15ac7019&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dmFzdA&hash=e1b3309a748a8c672af43457a1d29cad4f735929&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

record-breaking

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cmVjb3JkLWJyZWFraW5n&hash=a9468a34a88090bfc6e8a314227365e1068cda2d&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cmVjb3JkLWJyZWFraW5n&hash=6903b83d4a477bcbb19f79c12ed1e22197052ab3&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

debate

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZGViYXRl&hash=6df0f1e771602bf69575f6e24c784856e1c03ce2&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZGViYXRl&hash=219a92f5a9736ed884019fdef882dc965c07e2a4&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

hazardous

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=aGF6YXJkb3Vz&hash=287c4a4b92894519174373bee6175ef1c0b4a88e&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=aGF6YXJkb3Vz&hash=b2df324322ec5c570d2139649194ec0c728417d7&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

perspective

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cGVyc3BlY3RpdmU&hash=b1ed066d48fb1e7b2f9472ad22f2bd963b4b0767&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cGVyc3BlY3RpdmU&hash=f711fda822b278290d93df6fceb697f72acbe548&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

desirable

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZGVzaXJhYmxl&hash=19f46ca020366bca34bf027e07bb50db1d434423&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZGVzaXJhYmxl&hash=b933119780709bc6f12c49382d6f0b9a23cad6ba&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

to indicate

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gaW5kaWNhdGU&hash=c565527d141f83d266876bd6a54f449f1d24bbe8&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gaW5kaWNhdGU&hash=d2d0dce5e8edfef6497217eb822adfe8d15ab038&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

particularly

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cGFydGljdWxhcmx5&hash=b4b62b517ec85526a703ae51b72813208bdfa5cb&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cGFydGljdWxhcmx5&hash=40d8ab4ee902cd65d07a577611eeec154626de94&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

ambitious

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YW1iaXRpb3Vz&hash=201c7db652d6f6f746dcc5e05ffffe117967efcf&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YW1iaXRpb3Vz&hash=4af22dfd3afc626c8c19451284dd3180c0c2ab2f&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

to adopt

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gYWRvcHQ&hash=6bebf1cb35c2607935ba77c415de11fe91ebf478&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gYWRvcHQ&hash=285bf788b06c8f6aa98f92d437a21e4216983806&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

to doubt

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gZG91YnQ&hash=42391ed8b922e4e745a75d458bf774a91a4b9ccd&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gZG91YnQ&hash=b77fd6bf83e213120e34178260411fc206f73254&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

to ensure

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gZW5zdXJl&hash=7f70d57526af135fc5fbb42306fe81276a938eea&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gZW5zdXJl&hash=83082af6b2ebab0ebf84abd995dcca5bbe7712f6&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

sufficient

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c3VmZmljaWVudA&hash=2ae7f40785d1dfc66d65e90033612c2d55062ad3&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c3VmZmljaWVudA&hash=89387433b73c1a0182ed53f94222d68266e0f55e&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

guide

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Z3VpZGU&hash=659883edda801a31eb6446d0423d7e5ea9351005&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Z3VpZGU&hash=6cc41d9b0ea49d2c676a96226e72057d666b3f11&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

to [make] sense

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gbWFrZSBzZW5zZQ&hash=882cd368f8cd82d3722b43164ddc7413998c7f3d&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gbWFrZSBzZW5zZQ&hash=0d5694f06e52ad380f6e9cf3f0394eea2046030d&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

to urge

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gdXJnZQ&hash=17fd7230776d616837c9c66f17b543c1c2e3bf35&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gdXJnZQ&hash=e9335468feba733db2cd47e721388bc01b7d29f4&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

interruption

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=aW50ZXJydXB0aW9u&hash=9810d0d3a1f7e6f58752411dc0a71d56169873ad&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=aW50ZXJydXB0aW9u&hash=6957e2faaf67593b679e2ff93763a04bb8dbbfc7&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

change of mind

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Y2hhbmdlIG9mIG1pbmQ&hash=a29837b0736cf631e507b65366210e8c4a77e610&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Y2hhbmdlIG9mIG1pbmQ&hash=6f16a77ceb77081652cd5d2900364075739c8f54&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

renewed

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cmVuZXdlZA&hash=f00fdb235873dc4cca1182506e8afde22a8e9ecc&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cmVuZXdlZA&hash=0142ee60f580b848b8be9d8162271eea63cbe68f&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

to entail

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gZW50YWls&hash=76d3cf47b976fbfeb2099e9e017ef2eab5d96ce2&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gZW50YWls&hash=0729f5b555ecd4951e2bb88598ed6766db5f3f8f&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

to publish

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gcHVibGlzaA&hash=aff96b982289d3d794f70a92ed1735415fc6b311&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gcHVibGlzaA&hash=989e62d8a661c07e1841a059148a8246f0136acc&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

exception

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZXhjZXB0aW9u&hash=66224e4cb8555fcd4f4ac46f4de22a1312b3bb44&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZXhjZXB0aW9u&hash=0172ebc9a9848f3a21d01a9d08597e5805559561&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts&accent=GB

Here you can find the vocabulary from Test 4 - Reading - Passage 3 (2) in the Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic coursebook, to help you prepare for your IELTS exam.

Cambridge IELTS 18 - Académico "Prueba 4 - Lectura - Pasaje 3 (2)" Vocabulario