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English Vocabulary in Use - Advanced /

040. The Haves and The Have-Nots

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خروج
1-
fundamentally
2-
denial
3-
violation
4-
dignity
5-
poverty line
6-
social
7-
context
8-
income
9-
equality
10-
penury
11-
shelter
12-
nutrition
13-
malnourishment
14-
malnourished
15-
malnutrition
16-
literacy
17-
illiterate
18-
sanitation
19-
deprived
20-
deprivation
21-
to class
22-
affluence
23-
affluent
24-
the breadline
25-
to make (both) ends meet
26-
poverty-stricken
27-
impoverished
28-
destitute
29-
destitution
30-
to live (from) hand to mouth
31-
tight money
32-
to tighten one's belt
fundamentally
قید
f
f
ف
u
ə
اِ
n
n
ن
d
d
د
a
ə
اِ
m
m
م
e
ɛ
اِ
n
n
ن
t
a
ə
اِ
ll
l
ل
y
i
ای
Spelling
بستن
ورود
(اصولاً، به‌صورت بنیادی)

(اصولاً، به‌صورت بنیادی)

اساساً

in every important respect

اطلاعات دستوری:

قید مقدار

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
denial
اسم
d
d
د
e
ɪ
ای~اِ
n
n
ن
ia
aɪə
آای~اِاِ
l
l
ل
N/A

N/A

the act of refusing to comply (as with a request)

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
violation
اسم
v
v
و
io
aɪə
آای~اِاِ
l
l
ل
a
اِای~اِ
t
ʃ
ش
io
ə
اِ
n
n
ن
(تخطی)

(تخطی)

نقض

a disrespectful act

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
dignity
اسم
d
d
د
i
ɪ
ای~اِ
g
g
گ
n
n
ن
i
ə
اِ
t
t
ت
y
i
ای
(منزلت، شرافت)

(منزلت، شرافت)

شأن

the quality of being worthy of respect and honor, which can be attributed to a person's behavior, actions, or sense of self-worth

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
poverty line
اسم
uk flag
/pˈɑːvɚɾi lˈaɪn/
N/A

N/A

a level of personal income defining the state of poverty

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
social
social
صفت
s
s
س
o
اُاو~اُ
c
ʃ
ش
ia
ə
اِ
l
l
ل
اجتماعی

اجتماعی

related to society and the lives of its citizens in general

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
context
اسم
c
k
ک
o
ɑ
آ
n
n
ن
t
t
ت
e
ɛ
اِ
x
ks
کس
t
t
ت
(شرایط)

(شرایط)

زمینه

the set of facts or circumstances surrounding a situation or event that provide clarity and understanding

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
income
income
اسم
i
ɪ
ای~اِ
n
n
ن
c
k
ک
o
ə
اِ
m
m
م
e
درآمد

درآمد

the money that is regularly earned from a job or through an investment

outgo

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
equality
equality
اسم
e
ɪ
ای~اِ
q
k
ک
u
w
و
a
ɑ
آ
l
l
ل
i
ɪ
ای~اِ
t
t
ت
y
i
ای
(مساوات)

(مساوات)

برابری

the state of having the same opportunities, rights, status, etc. as others

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
penury
penury
اسم
p
p
پ
e
ɛ
اِ
n
n
ن
u
یاو~اُ
r
r
ر
y
i
ای
(فقر)

(فقر)

تنگ‌دستی

a state of being exceedingly poor and in need

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
shelter
اسم
sh
ʃ
ش
e
ɛ
اِ
l
l
ل
t
t
ت
e
ɜ
اِ
r
r
ر
پناهگاه

پناهگاه

a place or building that is meant to provide protection against danger or bad weather

What is a "shelter"?

A shelter is a structure or place that provides protection and safety from the weather or other dangers. It can be temporary or permanent and is designed to keep people or animals safe from rain, wind, sun, or cold. Shelters can range from simple tents or huts to more complex buildings like houses or cabins. They can be found in many settings, including outdoor areas, cities, or emergency situations, offering a space for rest, warmth, and security. Shelters are essential for survival, especially in harsh or challenging environments.

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
nutrition
nutrition
اسم
n
n
ن
u
u
او
t
t
ت
r
r
ر
i
ɪ
ای~اِ
t
ʃ
ش
io
ə
اِ
n
n
ن
(مواد غذایی)

(مواد غذایی)

مواد مغذی

food that is essential to one's growth and health

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
malnourishment
malnourishment
اسم
m
m
م
a
æ
اَ
l
l
ل
n
n
ن
ou
ɜ:
اِ
r
r
ر
i
ɪ
ای~اِ
sh
ʃ
ش
m
m
م
e
ə
اِ
n
n
ن
t
t
ت
(کمبود تغذیه)

(کمبود تغذیه)

سوء تغذیه

not having enough food to develop or function normally

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
malnourished
صفت
m
m
م
a
æ
اَ
l
l
ل
n
n
ن
ou
ɜ
اِ
r
r
ر
i
ɪ
ای~اِ
sh
ʃ
ش
e
d
t
ت
دچار سوء تغذیه

دچار سوء تغذیه

affected by a lack of proper nutrition, resulting in inadequate nourishment for overall well-being

nourished

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
malnutrition
malnutrition
اسم
m
m
م
a
æ
اَ
l
l
ل
n
n
ن
u
u
او
t
t
ت
r
r
ر
i
ɪ
ای~اِ
t
ʃ
ش
io
ə
اِ
n
n
ن
سوء‌تغذیه

سوء‌تغذیه

a condition in which a person does not have enough food or good food to eat in order to stay healthy

What is "malnutrition"?

Malnutrition occurs when the body does not receive enough nutrients to function properly, leading to health problems. This can happen because of not eating enough food, poor diet quality, or medical conditions that affect nutrient absorption or metabolism. Malnutrition can result in weight loss, weakness, fatigue, slowed growth in children, weakened immune system, and other health issues. Treatment typically involves improving dietary intake to ensure enough nutrition, addressing underlying medical conditions, and, in serious cases, providing nutritional supplements or providing medical care or support for recovery.

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
literacy
اسم
l
l
ل
i
ɪ
ای~اِ
t
t
ت
e
ɜ
اِ
r
r
ر
a
ə
اِ
c
s
س
y
i
ای
سواد

سواد

the capability to read and write

illiteracy
What is "literacy"?

Literacy is the ability to read, write, and understand information effectively. It involves not only recognizing and forming words but also comprehending their meaning and using them to communicate clearly. Literacy is essential for learning, working, and participating in everyday activities, such as reading books, writing letters, or understanding signs and instructions. It plays a key role in personal and social development, helping individuals gain knowledge, express ideas, and engage with the world around them.

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
illiterate
illiterate
صفت
i
ɪ
ای~اِ
ll
l
ل
i
ɪ
ای~اِ
t
t
ت
e
ɜ
اِ
r
r
ر
a
ə
اِ
t
t
ت
e
بی‌سواد

بی‌سواد

lacking the ability to read and write in any language

literate

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
sanitation
اسم
s
s
س
a
æ
اَ
n
n
ن
i
ə
اِ
t
t
ت
a
اِای~اِ
t
ʃ
ش
io
ə
اِ
n
n
ن
N/A

N/A

the condition or practice of maintaining clean and healthy environments, especially in public places, to prevent the spread of disease

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
deprived
صفت
d
d
د
e
ɪ
ای~اِ
p
p
پ
r
r
ر
i
آای~اِ
v
v
و
e
d
d
د
محروم

محروم

lacking the basic necessities of life

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
deprivation
deprivation
اسم
d
d
د
e
ɛ
اِ
p
p
پ
r
r
ر
i
ə
اِ
v
v
و
a
اِای~اِ
t
ʃ
ش
io
ə
اِ
n
n
ن
محرومیت

محرومیت

the state in which one cannot satisfy their basic human needs

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
to class
to class
فعل
c
k
ک
l
l
ل
a
æ
اَ
ss
s
س
(طبقه‌بندی کردن)

(طبقه‌بندی کردن)

دسته‌بندی کردن

to assign someone or something into a particular group or category based on shared characteristics or criteria

اطلاعات دستوری:

متعدی

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
affluence
affluence
اسم
a
æ
اَ
ff
f
ف
l
l
ل
ue
اواِ
n
n
ن
c
s
س
e
(نعمت)

(نعمت)

رفاه

abundant wealth

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
affluent
affluent
صفت
a
æ
اَ
ff
f
ف
l
l
ل
ue
اواِ
n
n
ن
t
t
ت
(دارا)

(دارا)

مرفه

possessing a great amount of riches and material goods

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
the breadline
the breadline
اسم
uk flag
/ðə bɹˈɛdlaɪn/
خط فقر

خط فقر

Idiom

the income level below which a person is considered to be living in poverty or experiencing financial hardship

What is the origin of the idiom "the breadline" and when to use it?

The idiom "the breadline" originated in the early 20th century during the Great Depression, which began in 1929 and lasted for several years. This phrase is used to describe the income level or economic threshold below which a person or family is considered to be living in poverty and experiencing financial hardship.

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
to [make] (both|) ends meet
to make (both) ends meet
عبارت
uk flag
/mˌeɪk bˈoʊθ ˈɛndz mˈiːt/
(درآمد بخورونمیری داشتن، دست خود را به دهان خود رساندن، دخل‌و‌خرج را جور درآوردن)

(درآمد بخورونمیری داشتن، دست خود را به دهان خود رساندن، دخل‌و‌خرج را جور درآوردن)

از عهده مخارج اولیه خود برآمدن

Idiom

to make enough money to pay for one's basic needs

What is the origin of the idiom "make ends meet" and when to use it?

The origin of the idiom "make ends meet" is uncertain, but it dates back to at least the 17th century and is thought to have originated from accounting or financial terminology. It is used to describe the act of managing one's finances in a way that allows them to cover all their expenses with their available income, without going into debt or experiencing financial hardship.

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
poverty-stricken
صفت
uk flag
/pˈɑːvɚɾistɹˈɪkən/
(آس‌وپاس، تهی‌دست، مفلس، بینوا، بیچاره)

(آس‌وپاس، تهی‌دست، مفلس، بینوا، بیچاره)

مستمند

suffering from extreme deprivation

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
impoverished
impoverished
صفت
i
ɪ
ای~اِ
m
m
م
p
p
پ
o
ɑ
آ
v
v
و
e
r
r
ر
i
ɪ
ای~اِ
sh
ʃ
ش
e
d
t
ت
(فقیر)

(فقیر)

بی‌بضاعت

(of people and areas) experiencing extreme poverty

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
destitute
destitute
صفت
d
d
د
e
ɛ
اِ
s
s
س
t
t
ت
i
ə
اِ
t
t
ت
u
u
او
t
t
ت
e
بسیار فقیر

بسیار فقیر

Formal

extremely poor and lacking basic necessities

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
destitution
destitution
اسم
d
d
د
e
ɛ
اِ
s
s
س
t
t
ت
i
ə
اِ
t
t
ت
u
u
او
t
ʃ
ش
io
ə
اِ
n
n
ن
(فقر)

(فقر)

تهی‌دستی

a state where basic human needs cannot be met due to a lack of resources and access to necessities

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
to live (from) hand to mouth
عبارت
uk flag
/lˈaɪv fɹʌm ɔːɹ hˈænd tə mˈaʊθ/
با درآمد بخور و نمیر زندگی کردن

با درآمد بخور و نمیر زندگی کردن

Idiom

to survive with only the bare minimum resources, often with no savings or financial security

What is the origin of the idiom "live hand to mouth" and when to use it?

The idiom "live hand to mouth" has its origins in the mid-16th century. The phrase describes a way of living in which a person's income is barely enough to cover their basic needs for food and shelter, leaving no surplus for savings or other expenses. It is used to describe a lifestyle or financial situation where someone's income is just enough to meet immediate needs, leaving no room for savings or investment.

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
tight money
اسم
uk flag
/tˈaɪt mˈʌni/
N/A

N/A

the economic condition in which credit is difficult to secure and interest rates are high

easy money

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb
to [tighten] {one's} belt
to tighten one's belt
عبارت
uk flag
/tˈaɪʔn̩ wˈʌnz bˈɛlt/
با صرفه جویی زندگی کردن

با صرفه جویی زندگی کردن

Idiom

to lessen the amount of money or resources one uses compared to before, particularly due to having less available

What is the origin of the idiom "tighten one's belt" and when to use it?

The origin of the idiom "tighten one's belt" can be traced back to the practice of tightening one's belt to make clothing fit more snugly around the waist. This phrase is used to describe the act of reducing spending and living more frugally in response to financial difficulties or a need to save money.

خانواده واژگان

fundament

Noun

fundamental

Adjective

fundamentally

Adverb

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