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The idiom "cover one's back" is related to the idea of providing protection for oneself, particularly in situations where one may face criticism, blame, or consequences. It likely evolved from the more common phrase "cover one's ass" (CYA), which has its origins in American English in the mid-20th century and is often used in a similar sense to describe actions taken by individuals or organizations to safeguard themselves from potential criticism, blame, or adverse consequences.

The idiom "cut one's losses" has its origins in gambling and financial contexts. It is often associated with betting or investing in situations where there is a potential for loss. The phrase suggests that when a person realizes they are incurring losses or facing a losing situation, it is wise to minimize those losses by withdrawing from the situation or selling off investments before they decline further. This phrase is used to advise someone to abandon a course of action or investment that is not going well in order to limit further losses. It implies making a strategic decision to minimize the negative impact of a situation.

The idiom "a rainy day" has its roots in the idea of saving for unexpected or difficult times. It advises individuals to set aside resources or funds for future needs or emergencies. This idiomatic expression is often used to emphasize the prudence of saving for the future and being ready for unexpected expenses or challenges.

The idiom "eye on the main chance" dates back to the 17th century and is believed to have originated in England. It was used in the context of seeking opportunities or being alert to potential benefits. "Main chance" refers to a significant or advantageous opportunity.

The idiom "nip something in the bud" has its origins in gardening. To "nip in the bud" means to take action to stop or prevent a problem or situation from developing further or getting worse while it's still in its early stages. This expression is often used to emphasize the importance of addressing issues early to prevent them from becoming more significant problems.

The idiom "stop the rot" likely derives from the literal act of preventing decay or deterioration. In its figurative sense, it emphasizes the need to take immediate action to halt the spread of a decline or negative trend. It is used in various contexts, such as politics, finance, personal relationships, and healthcare, to underscore the urgency of addressing problems early before they worsen. This expression is generally formal or semi-formal and conveys seriousness and urgency.

The idiom "strike while the iron is hot" has its origins in blacksmithing, where iron is most malleable and easy to shape when it's heated to the right temperature. In a figurative sense, it means taking advantage of an opportunity or situation when the conditions are favorable or at their most advantageous.

The idiom "take stock of something" has its origins in business and inventory management. It refers to the act assessing or evaluating a situation, often by making a comprehensive list of what is available or what has been accomplished. This expression is used figuratively to highlight the importance of pausing and examining a situation, typically to gain a better understanding of it or to plan for the future.

The idiom "know which way the wind blows" finds its roots in ancient maritime traditions. Sailors used the direction of the wind to navigate their ships effectively. Figuratively, it conveys the idea of understanding the prevailing circumstances, opinions, or trends to make informed decisions. This expression highlights the importance of being attuned to the current environment and adapting accordingly. It is often used in contexts where one needs to stay aware of changing situations or public sentiment to make decisions wisely.

The idiom "think twice" has its origins in the idea of being cautious and considerate before making a decision. It highlights the importance of taking a moment to reevaluate one's choices to avoid hasty or regrettable actions. This idiom is widely used in everyday language to encourage prudence, especially in situations where a hasty decision could lead to negative outcomes.