(کانال، آبراهه)
تنگه
a narrow passage of water connecting two larger bodies of water, often linking two seas or an inlet with a larger expanse of water
یخچال طبیعی
a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains
گرم‌دشت
an expansive flat land covered in grass, scattered with trees, and found in tropical or subtropical areas
نصف‌النهار
one of the imaginary lines between the North Pole and the South Pole, drawn on maps to help pinpoint a location
(نقشه‌برداری زمین)
توپوگرافی
the arrangement of the natural and artificial physical features of an area, including elevation, slope, landforms, and bodies of water
نقشه‌نگاری
a branch of science and art that consists of creating maps
Cartography is the art and science of making maps. It involves designing and creating visual representations of geographic areas, such as countries, cities, or specific locations. Cartographers use various tools and techniques to accurately depict features like mountains, rivers, roads, and landmarks. The goal of cartography is to provide clear and useful maps that help people understand and navigate different places.
جزیره مرجانی
a circular coral reef with a lagoon in the middle
نهر
a narrow, shallow watercourse, often flowing through a confined natural channel
ریزابه
a watercourse that flows into a larger river or body of water
مرداب
an area of soft, wet, low-lying land, typically characterized by grasses and other non-woody plants, and often found at the edges of lakes, rivers, or coastal areas
دیواره (زمین‌شناسی)
a steep, high slope or cliff formed by erosion
تپه
a hill with steep, flat sides and a flat top, often found in desert areas
آبشار
a large waterfall where water rushes forcefully over a height
دهانه آتشفشان
the round top of a volcano
(دهانه رود، مصب، خور رودخانه‌ای)
پای‌رود
the part of a river that is wide and where it meets the sea
آبدره
a steep, deep, and narrow sea inlet surrounded by tall cliffs, created by a glacier
آبفشان
a natural hot spring that periodically erupts with a column of boiling water and steam due to underground volcanic activity
(تنگه)
باریکه خاکی
a narrow piece of land with water on each side that connects two larger areas
تالاب
a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water, often by a barrier island, coral reef, or sandbar
(سراشیبی)
پرتگاه
a steep cliff or edge of a rock face, often with a significant drop
(آبکند)
دره تنگ و عمیق
a deep narrow valley with steep sides, usually worn by a stream
ارتفاع (جغرافیا)
the distance between an object or point and sea level
تپه کوچک
a small, rounded hill or mound, often found in a grassy or wooded area
(زمین)
ناهمواری
an area of land, particularly in reference to its physical or natural features
(گرداله)
تخته‌سنگ
a large rock, usually one that has been shaped by natural forces such as water or ice
ساحل سنگی
a beach or shoreline covered with small, smooth, rounded stones or pebbles, typically found along coasts or riverbanks
قطعه زمین واقع در آب
a large, pointed piece of land that extends into a sea, ocean, or other large body of water
تبریک! !
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