045. Economy and Finance

to take root

Pandiwa

/tˈeɪk ɹˈuːt/

N/A

become settled or established and stable in one's residence or life style

economic growth

Pangngalan

/ˌiːkənˈɑːmɪk ɡɹˈoʊθ/

(paglago ng ekonomiya)

pagsulong ng ekonomiya

an increase in the production of goods and services in an economy over a specific period, often measured by gross domestic product

decline

Pangngalan

/dɪk.laɪn/ or /dik.lain/

d

d

e

ɪ

c

k

l

l

i

aɪ

n

n

e

(pagbawas)

pagbaba

a continuous reduction in something's amount, value, intensity, etc.

effort

Pangngalan

/ɛ.fɜrt/ or /e.fērt/

e

ɛ

ff

f

o

ɜ

r

r

t

t

(pagsusumikap)

pagsisikap

an attempt to do something, particularly something demanding

fund

Pangngalan

/fənd/ or /fēnd/

f

f

u

ə

n

n

d

d

(pondo ng pera)

pondo

a sum of money that is collected and saved for a particular purpose

to pursue

Pandiwa

/pɜr.su/ or /pēr.soo/

p

p

u

ɜ

r

r

s

s

ue

u

(magtuloy)

ituloy

to continue or push forward with an activity, goal, or plan

policy

Pangngalan

/pɑ.lə.si/ or /paa.lē.si/

p

p

o

ɑ

l

l

i

ə

c

s

y

i

(polisiyang)

patakaran

a set of ideas or a plan of action that has been chosen officially by a group of people, an organization, a political party, etc.

access

Pangngalan

/æk.sɛs/ or /āk.ses/

a

æ

c

k

c

s

e

ɛ

ss

s

(pagkakataon)

pangangailangan

the right or opportunity to use something or benefit from it

burden

Pangngalan

/bɜ:rdn/ or /bērdn/

b

b

u

ɜ:

r

r

d

d

e

n

n

(dala)

pasanin

a responsibility or task that causes hardship, stress, etc.

to ease

Pandiwa

/iz/ or /iz/

ea

i

s

z

e

(bawasan)

pagaanin

to reduce the severity or seriousness of something unpleasant

debt relief

Pangngalan

/dˈɛt ɹɪlˈiːf/

(pagpapatawad sa utang)

pagbawas ng utang

the act of remitting a person or organization's debts

debtor

Pangngalan

/dɛtər/ or /detēr/

d

d

e

ɛ

b

t

t

o

ə

r

r

N/A

a person who owes a creditor; someone who has the obligation of paying a debt

incurring

Pangngalan

/ɪn.kɜ.rɪng/ or /in.kē.ring/

i

ɪ

n

n

c

k

u

ɜ

rr

r

i

ɪ

n

n

g

g

N/A

acquiring or coming into something (usually undesirable)

restrictive

pang-uri

/rist.rɪk.tɪv/ or /rist.rik.tiv/

r

r

e

i

s

s

t

t

r

r

i

ɪ

c

k

t

t

i

ɪ

v

v

e

(nakatatakot)

nakapanggigil

imposing limitations or boundaries that can hinder freedom or action

war-torn

pang-uri

/wˈɔːɹtˈɔːɹn/

(nasira ng digmaan)

nawasak ng digmaan

(of a country or place) damaged or destroyed severely as an aftermath of war

devaluation

Pangngalan

/ˌdivæɫjuˈeɪʃən/, /dɪˌvæɫjuˈeɪʃən/

N/A

the reduction of something's value or worth

revaluation

Pangngalan

/ɹiˈvæɫjuˈeɪʃən/

N/A

a new appraisal or evaluation

recession

Pangngalan

/ˌɹiˈsɛʃən/, /ɹɪˈsɛʃən/

(pagbagsak ng ekonomiya)

reksesyon

a hard time in a country's economy characterized by a reduction in employment, production, and trade