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English Vocabulary in Use - Advanced /

055. Industries: From Manufacturing to Service

1 / 16
Lumabas
1-
heavy industry
2-
high technology
3-
privatization
4-
light industry
5-
service industry
6-
nationalization
7-
subsidy
8-
piecework
9-
child labor
10-
to relocate
11-
to switch
12-
production
13-
component
14-
to assemble
15-
sweatshop
16-
retraining
heavy industry
Pangngalan
uk flag
/hˈɛvi ˈɪndʌstɹi/
(malakihang industriya)

(malakihang industriya)

mabigat na industriya

industry that produces large products or requires significant machinery and facilities, often involving the extraction, processing, or manufacturing of raw materials

Impormasyon sa Gramatika:

Tambalang Pangngalan
high technology
Pangngalan
uk flag
/hˈaɪ tɛknˈɑːlədʒi/
(sopistikadong teknolohiya)

(sopistikadong teknolohiya)

mataas na teknolohiya

advanced and sophisticated use of cutting-edge scientific and engineering principles

privatization
Pangngalan
p
p
r
r
i
v
v
a
ə
t
t
i
ə
z
z
a
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
N/A

N/A

changing something from state to private ownership or control

nationalization
light industry
Pangngalan
uk flag
/lˈaɪt ˈɪndʌstɹi/
(leik na industriya)

(leik na industriya)

magaan na industriya

the sector of manufacturing that produces finished products suitable for direct consumer use, typically requiring less capital-intensive equipment and facilities than heavy industry

Impormasyon sa Gramatika:

Tambalang Pangngalan
service industry
Pangngalan
uk flag
/sˈɜːvɪs ˈɪndʌstɹi/
N/A

N/A

an industry that provides services rather than tangible objects

nationalization
Pangngalan
n
n
a
æ
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
a
ə
l
l
i
ə
z
z
a
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(pambansang pag-aari)

(pambansang pag-aari)

pambansang pagsasailalim

the process of transferring ownership and control of privately owned assets or industries to the government

denationalization
subsidy
Pangngalan
s
s
u
ə
b
b
s
s
i
ɪ
d
d
y
i
(tulong-pinansyal)

(tulong-pinansyal)

subsidyo

an amount of money that a government or organization pays to lower the costs of producing goods or providing services so that prices do not increase

piecework
Pangngalan
p
p
ie
i
c
s
e
w
w
o
ɜ
r
r
k
k
N/A

N/A

work paid for according to the quantity produced

child labor
Pangngalan
uk flag
/tʃˈaɪld lˈeɪbɚ/
(pagagamit ng mga bata sa trabaho)

(pagagamit ng mga bata sa trabaho)

panggagawang bata

the use of children in a business or other forms of work that is harmful to their physical and mental development

Impormasyon sa Gramatika:

Tambalang Pangngalan
to relocate
to relocate
Pandiwa
uk flag
/ˌɹiˈɫoʊkeɪt/
(lumipat)

(lumipat)

ilipat

to move to a new place or position

Impormasyon sa Gramatika:

Tautos
to switch
to switch
Pandiwa
s
s
w
w
i
ɪ
t
ch
ʧ
(lumipat)

(lumipat)

magbago

to change from one thing, such as a task, major, conversation topic, job, etc. to a completely different one

Impormasyon sa Gramatika:

Tautos
production
production
Pangngalan
p
r
r
o
d
d
u
ə
c
k
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(paggawa)

(paggawa)

produksyon

the act or process of transforming raw materials or different components into goods that can be used by customers

component
component
Pangngalan
c
k
o
ə
m
m
p
p
o
n
n
e
ə
n
n
t
t
(sangkap)

(sangkap)

komponent

an element or part that creates a larger whole when with the other elements or parts

to assemble
to assemble
Pandiwa
a
a
ss
s
e
ɪ
m
m
b
b
l
l
e
(ipon-ipon)

(ipon-ipon)

buuin

to make something by putting separate parts of something together

disassemble

Impormasyon sa Gramatika:

Tautos
sweatshop
Pangngalan
s
s
w
w
ea
ɛ
t
ʧ
sh
o
ɑ
p
p
(sweatshop)

(sweatshop)

pabrika ng mga damit

a workplace, particularly one in which people produce clothing items, with poor conditions where workers are paid very low wages

retraining
Pangngalan
uk flag
/ɹiˈtɹeɪnɪŋ/
N/A

N/A

training for a new occupation

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