Politics

independent

pang-uri

/ɪn.dɪ.pɛn.dənt/ or /in.di.pen.dēnt/

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ɪ

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ɪ

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ɛ

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(nag-iisa)

nakapanggilalas

(of a country, state, etc.) function without being controlled or influenced by others

presidential

pang-uri

/prɛ.zə.dɛn.ʃəl/ or /pre.zē.den.shēl/

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(presidensyal)

pampanguluhan

associated with the role or actions of a president, such as decisions, behaviors, or policies

revolution

Pangngalan

/rɛ.və.lu.ʃən/ or /re.vē.loo.shēn/

r

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ɛ

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ʃ

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n

(rebolusyun)

rebolusyon

the fundamental change of power, government, etc. in a country by people, particularly involving violence

revolutionary

pang-uri

/rɛ.və.lu.ʃə.nɛ.ri/ or /re.vē.loo.shē.ne.ri/

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(pangkagawian)

rebolusyonaryo

involved in or characteristic of a revolution

conservative

Pangngalan

/kən.sɜr.və.tɪv/ or /kēn.sēr.vē.tiv/

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(konserbatista)

konserbatibo

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

Conservative Party

Pangngalan

/kənsˈɜːvətˌɪv pˈɑːɹɾi/

(Partido ng mga Konserbatibo)

Partido Konserbatibo

a major political party in the UK favoring traditional values, economic liberalism, and gradual change rather than radical reform

Republican Party

Pangngalan

/ɹɪpˈʌblɪkən pˈɑːɹɾi/

(Republikanong Partido)

Partido Republikano

the youngest political party in the US which has conservative beliefs and is against the high power of central government

democrat

Pangngalan

/dɛ.mək.ræt/ or /de.mēk.rāt/

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(demokrata)

demokratiko

someone who supports social equality, healthcare reform, environmental protection, and a more active role for government in addressing social issues

Democratic Party

Pangngalan

/dˌɛməkɹˈæɾɪk pˈɑːɹɾi/

(Demokratikong Partido)

Partido Demokratiko

the oldest political party in the US which believes in social equality by helping the poor in different ways, etc.

labor party

Pangngalan

/lˈeɪbɚ pˈɑːɹɾi/

(Partido ng mga Manggagawa)

Partido ng Manggagawa

a British political party which favors the welfare of workers and the poor

to back

Pandiwa

/bæk/ or /bāk/

b

b

a

æ

ck

k

(suportahan)

sustenido

to support someone or something

to govern

Pandiwa

/gə.vɜrn/ or /gē.vērn/

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ə

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ɜ

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(mangulo)

mamuno

to officially have the control and authority to rule over a country and manage its affairs

government

Pangngalan

/gə.vɜr.mənt/ or /gē.vēr.mēnt/

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g

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ə

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v

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ɜ

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(gobyerno)

pamahalaan

a special way or system of controlling a country, state, etc.

democracy

Pangngalan

/dɪ.mɑk.rə.si/ or /di.maak.rē.si/

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d

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m

m

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ɑ

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y

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(pamamahalang nakabatay sa bayan)

demokrasya

a belief or ideology that supports governance by the people, emphasizing equal participation in the political process

dictatorship

Pangngalan

/dɪk.teɪ.tɜr.ʃɪp/ or /dik.tei.tēr.ship/

d

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eɪ

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(pamumuno ng isang tao)

diktadura

a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or a small group, often with absolute authority, without the consent of the people

kingdom

Pangngalan

/kɪng.dəm/ or /king.dēm/

k

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(bansa)

kaharian

a nation or state that its ruler is a king or queen

independence

Pangngalan

/ɪn.dɪ.pɛn.dəns/ or /in.di.pen.dēns/

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(kasarinlan)

kalayaan

the state of being free from the control of others

human right

Pangngalan

/hjˈuːmən ɹˈaɪt/

(karapatan ng tao)

karapatang pantao

one of a series of rights that every human being must have

nation

Pangngalan

/neɪ.ʃən/ or /nei.shēn/

n

n

a

eɪ

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ʃ

io

ə

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(nasyon)

bansa

a country considered as a group of people that share the same history, language, etc., and are ruled by the same government

state

Pangngalan

/steɪt/ or /steit/

s

s

t

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eɪ

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(bansa)

estado

a country under the control of one government

majority

Pangngalan

/mə.ʤɔ.rə.ti/ or /mē.jaw.rē.ti/

m

m

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ə

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ʤ

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ɔ

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(kalakhan)

mayorya

the greater number of votes by which a candidate or party wins an election

minister

Pangngalan

/mɪ.nəs.tɜr/ or /mi.nēs.tēr/

m

m

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(ministro)

kalihim

the person who is the head of a specific department within the government, responsible for managing policies, operations, and administration related to that department

secretary

Pangngalan

/sɛk.rɪ.tɛ.ri/ or /sek.ri.te.ri/

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(Sekretaryo)

Kalihim

the person who is the head of a US government department

negotiation

Pangngalan

/nɪ.goʊ.ʃieɪ.ʃən/ or /ni.gooo.shiei.shēn/

n

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oʊ

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(pag-uusap)

negosasyon

formal discussion intended to reach an agreement

opposition

Pangngalan

/ɑ.pə.zɪ.ʃən/ or /aa.pē.zi.shēn/

o

ɑ

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p

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(katunggali)

oposisyon

the main political party opposed to the government

policy

Pangngalan

/pɑ.lə.si/ or /paa.lē.si/

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(polisiyang)

patakaran

a set of ideas or a plan of action that has been chosen officially by a group of people, an organization, a political party, etc.

presidency

Pangngalan

/prɛ.zə.dən.si/ or /pre.zē.dēn.si/

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(pangulo)

panunungkulan

the period of time during which a president is in power

seat

Pangngalan

/si:t/ or /sit/

s

s

ea

i:

t

t

(pwesto)

upuan

the position of a member in a committee, parliament, etc.

conspiracy

Pangngalan

/kəns.pɪ.rə.si/ or /kēns.pi.rē.si/

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k

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ə

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(sabwatang nagkasunduan)

sangkot

a plan which is a secret and made by a group of people to do something illegal or to kill someone

crackdown

Pangngalan

/kræk.daʊn/ or /krāk.daoon/

c

k

r

r

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æ

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ʊ

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(pagsugpo)

pagsupil

a severe and often sudden enforcement of law or regulations, typically to suppress or control specific activities, behaviors, or groups perceived as problematic or threatening

repression

Pangngalan

/rip.rɛ.ʃən/ or /rip.re.shēn/

r

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ʃ

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(pang-aapi)

pagsugpo

the action of controlling people by means of force or violence

prime minister

Pangngalan

/pɹˈaɪm mˈɪnɪstɚ/

(Punong Tagapagpaganap)

Punong Ministro

the head of government in parliamentary democracies, who is responsible for leading the government and making important decisions on policies and law-making

Department of Homeland Security

Parirala

/dɪpˈɑːɹtmənt ʌv hˈoʊmlənd sɪkjˈʊɹɪɾi/

N/A

a US federal agency responsible for protecting the country from various threats, including terrorism, border security, immigration, and cybersecurity

to lead astray

Parirala

/lˈiːd ɐstɹˈeɪ/

N/A

Collocation

to cause someone to make a poor decision by providing them with incorrect guidance or misleading information

senate

Pangngalan

/sɛ.nət/ or /se.nēt/

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s

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n

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t

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(Sangguniang Pambansa)

Senado

a legislative or governing body, usually the smaller and more influential chamber in a bicameral system, with the authority to create, revise, or approve laws and policies