1-
index
2-
bibliography
3-
proposal
4-
fieldwork
5-
hypothesis
6-
literature review
7-
experimental variable
8-
replication
9-
paradigm
10-
synthesis
11-
confidentiality
12-
citation
13-
thesis
14-
dissertation
15-
vivisection
16-
falsification
17-
null hypothesis
index
Pangngalan
i
ɪ
n
n
d
d
e
ɛ
x
ks
(indeks)

(indeks)

talaan

an alphabetical list of subjects, names, etc. along with the page numbers each of them occurs, coming at the end of a book

What is an "index"?

An index is a list of key terms, subjects, or topics mentioned in a book, usually found at the end. It is organized alphabetically and provides page numbers where each item can be found within the text. The index helps readers quickly locate specific information or topics in the book, making it easier to navigate large or detailed works. It is commonly used in nonfiction books, academic texts, and reference materials.

bibliography
Pangngalan
b
b
i
ɪ
b
b
l
l
io
g
g
r
r
a
ə
ph
f
y
i
(talaan ng mga aklat)

(talaan ng mga aklat)

bibliyograpiya

a list of books and articles used by an author to support or reference their written work

What is a "bibliography"?

A bibliography is a list of sources, such as books, articles, and other materials, that an author has referenced or consulted in the process of writing a book or document. It is usually placed at the end of the work and provides readers with the information needed to locate the original sources. The bibliography helps to credit the work of other authors and researchers, shows the research behind the text, and can guide readers to additional resources on the subject. It is commonly used in academic, non-fiction, and research-based writing.

proposal
Pangngalan
p
p
r
r
o
ə
p
p
o
s
z
a
ə
l
l
(panukala)

(panukala)

mga suhestiyon

a detailed plan outlining the objectives, methodology, and significance of a planned study or project

fieldwork
Pangngalan
f
f
ie
i
l
l
d
d
w
w
o
ɜ
r
r
k
k
(gawaing pangkalikasan)

(gawaing pangkalikasan)

pagsasaliksik sa larangan

scientific study or research conducted in the real world and not in a laboratory or class

What is "fieldwork"?

Fieldwork refers to the practical work or research conducted outside of a traditional classroom or laboratory setting, often in real-world environments. It involves collecting data, making observations, or performing tasks related to a specific subject or project, such as in anthropology, sociology, or environmental studies. Fieldwork allows individuals to gather firsthand information, conduct experiments, or interact with communities or ecosystems in their natural context. It helps bridge the gap between theory and practice, offering valuable insights that cannot always be gained from textbooks or studies in controlled settings.

hypothesis
Pangngalan
h
h
y
p
p
o
ɑ
th
θ
e
ə
s
s
i
ə
s
s
(palagay)

(palagay)

hipotesis

an explanation based on limited facts and evidence that is not yet proved to be true

literature review
Pangngalan
uk flag
/lˈɪɾɚɹətʃɚ ɹɪvjˈuː/
(review ng literatura)

(review ng literatura)

pagsusuri ng literatura

a comprehensive summary and evaluation of existing research on a particular topic

Impormasyon sa Gramatika:

Tambalang Pangngalan
experimental variable
Pangngalan
uk flag
/ɛkspˌɛɹɪmˈɛntəl vˈɛɹɪəbəl/
(baryabel na eksperimento)

(baryabel na eksperimento)

eksperimentong baryable

a factor or condition that is deliberately changed in an experiment to observe its effect on the outcome

replication
Pangngalan
r
r
e
ɛ
p
p
l
l
i
ə
c
k
a
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(pag-uulit)

(pag-uulit)

pagsasagawa muli

the repetition of a scientific study to confirm or challenge its results

paradigm
Pangngalan
p
p
a
ɛ
r
r
a
ə
d
d
i
g
m
m
(modelo)

(modelo)

paradigma

a selection of theories and ideas that explain how a particular school, subject, or discipline is generally understood

synthesis
Pangngalan
s
s
y
ɪ
n
n
th
θ
e
ə
s
s
i
ɪ
s
s
(pagsasama)

(pagsasama)

sintesis

the process of creating new knowledge or understanding by integrating existing information

analysis
confidentiality
Pangngalan
c
k
o
ɑ
n
n
f
f
i
ə
d
d
e
ɛ
n
n
t
ʃ
ia
l
l
i
ə
t
t
y
i
(katiwasayan)

(katiwasayan)

kumpidensiyalidad

the assurance that sensitive information will not be divulged without proper consent

citation
Pangngalan
c
s
i
t
t
a
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(salin)

(salin)

sipi

a line or sentence taken from a book or speech

thesis
Pangngalan
th
θ
e
i
s
s
i
ə
s
s
(pahayag)

(pahayag)

teorya

a statement that someone presents as a topic to be argued or examined

dissertation
Pangngalan
d
d
i
ɪ
ss
s
e
ɜ
r
r
t
t
a
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(tesis)

(tesis)

disertasyon

a long piece of writing on a particular subject that a university student presents in order to get an advanced degree

What is a "dissertation"?

A dissertation is a long and detailed written work, typically required for advanced academic degrees, where the author conducts original research on a specific topic. It presents the findings, analysis, and conclusions drawn from the research, often after years of study. Dissertations are usually more in-depth than other academic papers and aim to contribute new knowledge to the field. They are expected to demonstrate the author's expertise in the subject, as well as their ability to conduct independent research, organize complex information, and communicate their findings clearly.

vivisection
Pangngalan
v
v
i
ɪ
v
v
i
ɪ
s
s
e
ɛ
c
k
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(masusing pagsusuri)

(masusing pagsusuri)

mabagsik na pagsusuri

a very harsh and thorough examination or analysis

falsification
Pangngalan
f
f
a
æ
l
l
s
s
i
ə
f
f
i
ə
c
k
a
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(pagsasakdal)

(pagsasakdal)

pagsisinungaling

the intentional misrepresentation or alteration of data or findings

null hypothesis
Pangngalan
uk flag
/nˈʌl haɪpˈɑːθəsˌɪs/
(walang epekto na hipotesis)

(walang epekto na hipotesis)

walang kaibahan na hipotesis

a statistical hypothesis that assumes no difference or effect

Impormasyon sa Gramatika:

Tambalang Pangngalan

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Natuto ka ng 17 mga salita mula sa Talking about Research. Upang mapabuti ang pag-aaral at pagsusuri ng bokabularyo, magsimula ng pag-eehersisyo!

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