A biopsy is a medical procedure where a small sample of tissue is taken from the body to be examined under a microscope. This is done to diagnose diseases, such as cancer, or to evaluate the seriousness of a condition. The tissue sample can be taken from almost any part of the body using a needle, endoscope, or during surgery. Biopsies help doctors understand the cause of symptoms, decide on the best treatment plan, and check the effectiveness of the treatment. Depending on the area being examined, the procedure might be quick and simple, or it may require more preparation and recovery time.

What is a "biopsy"?

biopsy

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A catheter is a flexible tube that is inserted into the body to remove fluids or deliver medications directly into organs or veins. Commonly used in medical procedures, catheters can be made of materials like rubber, plastic, or silicone. They are essential in various medical treatments, including emptying the bladder, giving medications or fluids, measuring bodily functions such as blood pressure in veins or arteries, and examining and treating heart conditions. Proper use and maintenance of catheters are crucial to prevent infections and make sure that treatment is effective.

What is a "catheter"?

catheter

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Chemotherapy is a medical treatment that uses powerful drugs to kill fast-growing cells in the body. It is commonly used to treat cancer by targeting and destroying cancer cells that divide quickly. Chemotherapy can be given orally or through injections and IV drips, and it works throughout the body to shrink tumors, prevent cancer from spreading, or slow its growth. Even though it is effective, chemotherapy can also affect healthy cells, leading to side effects like hair loss, nausea, and fatigue. Treatment plans often combine different chemotherapy drugs and may be used alongside surgery, radiation therapy, or other treatments to manage cancer effectively.

What is "chemotherapy"?

chemotherapy

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Rheumatology is the branch of medicine that deals with diseases and conditions affecting the joints, muscles, and connective tissues on the body. Rheumatologists, specialists in this field, diagnose and treat conditions such as arthritis, lupus, and fibromyalgia. They focus on managing pain, inflammation, and mobility issues to improve patients' quality of life.

What is "rheumatology"?

rheumatology

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A suture refers to each of the multiple loops or knots used to close and secure the edges of a wound or surgical cut. These loops, often referred to as stitches, are typically made with a material similar to thread and are placed by healthcare professionals to bring together the tissues, encouraging healing and reducing the risk of infection. Sutures are a critical part of surgical procedures and wound management, providing support until the tissue heals properly on its own.

What is a "suture"?

suture

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Urology is a medical specialty that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of conditions related to the urinary system and male reproductive system. Urologists, specialists in this field, diagnose and manage various issues such as urinary system infections, kidney stones, prostate problems, and male infertility. They use a range of tools, including imaging studies and laboratory tests, to evaluate urinary system function and structure. Urology plays a crucial role in maintaining urinary and reproductive health, improving quality of life, and addressing conditions that affect these systems.

What is "urology"?

urology

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Ophthalmology is a medical specialty that focuses on the study and treatment of diseases and disorders related to the eyes and vision. Ophthalmologists, specialists in this field, diagnose and manage conditions such as refractive errors, like nearsightedness and farsightedness, cataracts, glaucoma, macular degeneration, and retinal disorders. They perform thorough eye examinations, prescribe corrective lenses, medications, and perform surgical procedures such as cataract removal and laser eye surgery to improve or restore vision. Ophthalmology plays a crucial role in maintaining eye health and protecting vision for individuals of all ages.

What is "ophthalmology"?

ophthalmology

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Otorhinolaryngology, often called ENT (ear, nose, and throat) medicine, is a medical specialty that focuses on diagnosing and treating disorders related to the ears, nose, throat, head, and neck. Otorhinolaryngologists, also known as ENT doctors, are trained to manage conditions such as hearing loss, sinus infections, tonsillitis, voice disorders, and head and neck cancers. They use various treatments including medications, surgery, and other methods to ease symptoms and improve overall health and function in these areas. Otorhinolaryngology plays a vital role in dealing with a wide range of medical issues affecting breathing, hearing, speech, and overall quality of life.

What is "Otorhinolaryngology"?

otorhinolaryngology

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Dermatology is a branch of medicine focused on diagnosing and treating conditions related to the skin, hair, and nails. Dermatologists are medical professionals who specialize in dealing with a wide range of skin issues, including acne, eczema, psoriasis, skin cancer, and infections. They use various techniques such as medication, surgery, and laser therapy to manage skin conditions and improve patients' overall skin health. Additionally, dermatologists may provide preventive care and advice on skincare routines to help maintain healthy skin and prevent future problems.

What is "dermatology"?

dermatology

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Radiology is the branch of medicine that uses imaging techniques to diagnose and treat diseases and injuries. Radiologists, the medical professionals in this field, use various methods such as X-rays, CT scans, MRI scans, and ultrasounds to create images of the inside of the body. These images help in identifying abnormalities, monitoring the progress of diseases, and guiding certain medical procedures. Radiology plays a crucial role in modern healthcare by providing detailed information that help in accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning.

What is "radiology"?

radiology

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Oncology is a medical field focused on the study and treatment of cancer. Oncologists, specialists in this area, diagnose cancer, develop treatment plans, and provide care for cancer patients. They use various methods such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, surgery, and targeted therapies to treat different types of cancer. Oncology plays a crucial role in improving cancer outcomes, prolonging survival, and enhancing the quality of life for cancer patients.

What is "oncology"?

oncology

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A stethoscope is a medical tool used by healthcare professionals to listen to the sounds inside the body, such as the heart and lungs. It includes a small and round piece connected to flexible tubing and earpieces. The round piece is placed on the patient's skin, and the sounds from the body travel through the tubing to the earpieces, allowing healthcare providers to check and monitor various bodily functions and conditions. Stethoscopes are essential in medical examinations for diagnosing and evaluating patients' health.

What is a "stethoscope"?

stethoscope

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An antidote is a substance or treatment given to neutralize the effects of a poison or toxic substance in the body. It helps to reduce or reverse the harmful effects caused by the poison. Antidotes are given in emergency situations to prevent serious harm to the affected individual, and their effectiveness depends on the specific poison harming an individual and how quickly they are given to help the individual.

What is an "antidote"?

antidote

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Homeopathy is a form of alternative medicine that uses substances from plants and minerals, which are weakened by adding water to them to encourage the body's natural healing processes. Practitioners believe that these weakened substances, which can cause symptoms in healthy individuals, can treat similar symptoms in those who are unwell. Homeopathic remedies are thought to work by activating the body's self-healing abilities. Practitioners prescribe these remedies based on a person's specific symptoms and overall health. While homeopathy is popular in some regions, its effectiveness is debated in standard medicine due to the lack of scientific evidence supporting its claims.

What is "homeopathy"?

homeopathy

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Chiropractic is a healthcare profession that focuses on diagnosing and treating disorders of the muscle and skeletal systems, particularly the spine. Chiropractors use hands-on techniques, mainly spinal adjustments and manipulations, to align the body's structure and ease pain. They believe that proper alignment of these systems allows the body to heal itself without surgery or medication. Chiropractic care may also include exercises, stretches, and lifestyle changes to improve overall health and prevent future problems.

What is "chiropractic"?

chiropractic

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A syringe is a medical device used to inject or withdraw fluids from the body. It includes a hollow tube with a pusher that fits tightly inside and a thin hollow needle attached to the end. Syringes allow for precise control over the fluid and are commonly used to give medications, vaccines, or other substances directly into the bloodstream, muscles, or under the skin. They can also withdraw blood for various tests that help in diagnosing patients. Syringes are essential tools in healthcare settings for delivering treatments and performing medical procedures with accuracy and safety.

What is a "syringe"?

syringe

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An ointment is a smooth, greasy substance applied to the skin to treat various conditions or provide relief. It often contains medication or other active ingredients to help heal wounds, reduce inflammation, soothe irritation, or directly deliver treatment for skin issues. Ointments are thicker and more moisturizing than creams or lotions, making them effective for dry, cracked, or damaged skin.

What is an "ointment"?

ointment

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An analgesic is a type of medication that is used to relieve pain. Analgesics work by blocking or reducing pain signals to the brain, helping to reduce discomfort and improve quality of life for individuals experiencing pain. These medications can be prescribed by healthcare providers or obtained over-the-counter for pain relief.

What is an "analgesic"?

analgesic

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An anticoagulant is a type of medication that helps prevent blood clotting. Anticoagulants work by slowing down the clotting process in the blood, thereby reducing the risk of blood clots forming in the arteries or veins. These medications are prescribed by healthcare providers to treat or prevent conditions such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, stroke, and heart attack.

What is an "anticoagulant"?

anticoagulant

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A decongestant is a type of medication that helps relieve nasal blockage by reducing swelling and inflammation of the nasal passages. Decongestants work by narrowing the blood vessels in the nose, which reduces blood flow and decreases fluid buildup, allowing for easier breathing. These medications are commonly used to ease symptoms of blockage caused by allergies, colds, or sinus infections.

What is a "decongestant"?

decongestant

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A hypnotic is a medication that helps cause sleep. These medications are prescribed to treat insomnia or other sleep disorders by relaxing the body and mind, making it easier to fall asleep and stay asleep. Hypnotics work on the brain to slow down activity, leading to sleepiness.

What is a "hypnotic"?

hypnotic

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A prophylactic is a preventive measure used to reduce the risk of disease or infection. It can include medications, treatments, vaccines, or behaviors aimed at protecting individuals from illness before it occurs. Prophylactics are commonly used in healthcare settings, such as giving vaccines to prevent diseases like influenza or providing antibiotics to prevent infection after surgery. It can also involve lifestyle changes, such as maintaining proper hygiene or using protective equipment like masks to prevent the spread of diseases or reduce exposure to germs.

What is a "prophylactic"?

prophylactic

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A lozenge is a small, typically flavored tablet designed to dissolve slowly in the mouth to deliver medication directly to the throat and mouth. They release their active ingredients gradually as they dissolve, providing targeted relief. Lozenges are commonly used to calm sore throats, relieve coughs, or treat mouth infections.

What is a "lozenge"?

lozenge

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draught

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A salve is a type of ointment or balm applied to the skin for healing purposes. It is typically a semi-solid mixture of medicinal ingredients and substances like oils or waxes that help soothe, protect, or heal the skin. Salves are often used to treat minor cuts, burns, rashes, insect bites, or dry skin conditions. They provide a protective barrier and can contain ingredients with healing properties, such as antibiotics, antifungals, or herbal extracts, depending on the specific need.

What is a "salve"?

salve

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Here, you will learn some English words related to Medicine that are necessary for the Academic IELTS exam.