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English Vocabulary in Use - Advanced /

043. The Letter of The Law

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Kilépés
1-
to bend the rules
2-
to contravene
3-
contravention
4-
to infringe
5-
infringement
6-
to impeach
7-
impeachment
8-
to lodge
9-
appeal
10-
to uphold
11-
to overturn
12-
verdict
13-
to pervert
14-
justice
15-
to quash
16-
conviction
17-
to set a precedent
18-
to annul
19-
to annul
20-
annulment
21-
to sue
22-
to allege
23-
allegation
24-
to amend
25-
amendment
26-
discrimination
27-
embezzlement
28-
harassment
29-
insider trading
30-
money laundering
31-
perjury
32-
stalking
33-
trespass
34-
to discriminate
35-
to embezzle
36-
to harass
37-
to launder
38-
to commit
39-
to stalk
40-
to trespass
41-
embezzler
42-
perjurer
43-
stalker
44-
trespasser
45-
law-abiding
46-
lawbreaker
47-
to take the law into one's (own) hands
48-
to lay down the law
49-
a law unto oneself
to [bend|stretch] the rules
to bend the rules
kifejezés
uk flag
/bˈɛnd stɹˈɛtʃ ðə ɹˈuːlz/
N/A

N/A

Idiom
Informal

to do something that is not strictly according to rules, often by making exceptions

What is the origin of the idiom "bend the rules" and when to use it?

The origin of the idiom "bend the rules" can be traced back to ancient times when societies had established codes of conduct and legal systems. This phrase likely draws upon the physical action of bending something that is typically rigid or inflexible and conveys the idea of adjusting or manipulating rules to suit a particular situation or purpose. It is frequently used in discussions related to governance, sports, business, education, and any other areas where rules and regulations are in place, but some degree of flexibility or leniency is exercised to achieve specific goals or outcomes.

to contravene
ige
c
k
o
ɑ
n
n
t
t
r
r
a
ə
v
v
e
i
n
n
e
(ellenkezik)

(ellenkezik)

megszeg

to violate an established legal standard, policy, or procedural protocol

contravention
Főnév
c
k
o
ɑ
n
n
t
t
r
r
a
ə
v
v
e
ɛ
n
n
t
ʧ
io
ə
n
n
(megszegés)

(megszegés)

ellenállás

refusal to conform with a law or rule

to infringe
ige
i
ɪ
n
n
f
f
r
r
i
ɪ
n
n
g
ʤ
e
(megsért)

(megsért)

sért

to violate someone's rights or property

Nyelvtani Információk:

Tárgyas
infringement
Főnév
i
ɪ
n
n
f
f
r
r
i
ɪ
n
n
g
ʤ
e
m
m
e
ə
n
n
t
t
(sértés)

(sértés)

jogsértés

an action that is against a law. regulation, or agreement

to impeach
to impeach
ige
i
ɪ
m
m
p
p
ea
i
ch
ʧ
(megvádolni)

(megvádolni)

vádat emelni

to formally charge or accuse someone of a crime or misdemeanor

Nyelvtani Információk:

Tárgyas
impeachment
Főnév
i
ɪ
m
m
p
p
ea
i
ch
ʧ
m
m
e
ə
n
n
t
t
(eltávolítási eljárás)

(eltávolítási eljárás)

vád alá helyezés

the process of a governmental figure bringing charges against a government official and marking the first step toward potential removal from office

to lodge
ige
l
l
o
ɑ
dg
ʤ
e
(benyújtani)

(benyújtani)

bejelenteni

to formally submit or file a charge, accusation, or complaint against someone

Nyelvtani Információk:

Tárgyas
appeal
Főnév
a
ə
pp
p
ea
i
l
l
(fellebbezési kérelem)

(fellebbezési kérelem)

fellebbezés

a legal procedure in which a higher court is asked to review and overturn a lower court's decision

to uphold
ige
u
ə
ph
ph
o
l
l
d
d
(megerősít)

(megerősít)

fenntart

(particularly of a law court) to state that a previous decision is correct

Nyelvtani Információk:

Tárgyas
to overturn
ige
uk flag
/ˈoʊvɝˌtɝn/
(vertervényez)

(vertervényez)

megsemmisít

to reverse, abolish, or invalidate something, especially a legal decision

Nyelvtani Információk:

Tárgyas
verdict
verdict
Főnév
v
v
e
ɜ
r
r
d
d
i
ɪ
c
k
t
t
(döntés)

(döntés)

ítélet

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

to pervert
ige
p
p
e
ɜ
r
r
v
v
e
ɜ
r
r
t
t
N/A

N/A

to change something so it no longer serves its original purpose

justice
justice
Főnév
j
ʤ
u
ə
s
s
t
t
i
ə
c
s
e
(méltányosság)

(méltányosság)

igazság

a behavior or treatment that is fair and just

injustice
to quash
ige
q
k
u
w
a
ɔ
sh
ʃ
N/A

N/A

declare invalid

validate
conviction
Főnév
uk flag
/kənˈvɪkʃən/
(bűnösnek nyilvánítás)

(bűnösnek nyilvánítás)

ítélet

a formal declaration by which someone is found guilty of a crime in a court of law

acquittal
to set a precedent
kifejezés
uk flag
/sˈɛt ɐ pɹˈɛsɪdənt/
N/A

N/A

Collocation

to create an example that others can follow in similar situations

to annul
to annul
ige
a
æ
nn
n
u
ə
l
l
(megszüntet)

(megszüntet)

érvénytelenít

to officially cancel a marriage

Nyelvtani Információk:

Tárgyas
to annul
ige
a
æ
nn
n
u
ə
l
l
(érvénytelenít)

(érvénytelenít)

semmisít

to invalidate a legal agreement

validate
annulment
annulment
Főnév
a
æ
nn
n
u
ə
l
l
m
m
e
ə
n
n
t
t
(érvénytelenné nyilvánítás)

(érvénytelenné nyilvánítás)

megtagadás

a legal process of declaring a marriage or any type of official contract null and void as if it had never existed

to sue
to sue
ige
s
s
ue
u
(vádol)

(vádol)

perel

to bring a charge against an individual or organization in a law court

Nyelvtani Információk:

Tárgyas
to allege
to allege
ige
a
ə
ll
l
e
ɛ
g
ʤ
e
(vádol)

(vádol)

állít

to say something is the case without providing proof for it

Nyelvtani Információk:

Tárgyas
allegation
Főnév
a
æ
ll
l
e
ə
g
g
a
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(állítás)

(állítás)

vád

an assertion of fact made by one party in a legal proceeding, which is not yet proved

to amend
to amend
ige
a
ə
m
m
e
ɛ
n
n
d
d
(javít)

(javít)

módosít

to make changes or additions to a document, law, contract, or similar text in order to correct or update it

Nyelvtani Információk:

Tárgyas
amendment
Főnév
a
ə
m
m
e
ɛ
n
n
d
d
m
m
e
ə
n
n
t
t
(kiegészítés)

(kiegészítés)

módosítás

a formal change, addition, or alteration made to a law, contract, constitution, or other legal document

discrimination
Főnév
d
d
i
ɪ
s
s
c
k
r
r
i
ɪ
m
m
i
ə
n
n
a
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(különbségtétel)

(különbségtétel)

diszkrimináció

the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others

embezzlement
Főnév
e
ɛ
m
m
b
b
e
ɛ
zz
z
ə
l
l
e
m
m
e
ə
n
n
t
t
(eltulajdonítás)

(eltulajdonítás)

sikkasztás

the act of stealing funds that are placed in one's trust and belong to one's employer

harassment
Főnév
h
h
a
ɜ
r
r
a
æ
ss
s
m
m
e
ə
n
n
t
t
(támadás)

(támadás)

zaklatás

the act of subjecting someone to repeated and unwanted attacks, criticism, or other forms of harmful behavior

insider trading
Főnév
uk flag
/ɪnsˈaɪdɚ tɹˈeɪdɪŋ/
N/A

N/A

buying or selling corporate stock by a corporate officer or other insider on the basis of information that has not been made public and is supposed to remain confidential

money laundering
money laundering
Főnév
uk flag
/mˈʌni lˈɔːndɚɹɪŋ/
(pénzmosási tevékenység)

(pénzmosási tevékenység)

pénzmosás

Disapproving
Formal
Idiom

the process of concealing the origins, ownership, or destination of illegally obtained money by passing it through a legitimate financial institution or businesses

What is the origin of the idiom "money laundering" and when to use it?

The idiom "money laundering" originated in the United States during the 1920s when criminals wanted to hide the money they earned from selling illegal alcohol. They called it "money laundering" because they tried to make the money look clean, just like washing dirty clothes. Since then, the term has been used to describe hiding the source of illegal money by making it seem like it came from legal activities.

Nyelvtani Információk:

Összetett Főnév
perjury
Főnév
p
p
e
ɜ
r
r
j
ʤ
u
ɜ
r
r
y
i
(perbeli hamis tanúzás)

(perbeli hamis tanúzás)

hamis tanúzás

the offense of telling lies in a court of law after you have vowed to tell the truth

stalking
Főnév
s
s
t
t
a
ɔ
l
k
k
i
ɪ
n
n
g
g
(követés)

(követés)

zaklatás

the persistent and unwanted attention, harassment, or surveillance of one person towards another, causing fear or distress

trespass
Főnév
t
t
r
r
e
ɛ
s
s
p
p
a
æ
ss
s
(trespass)

(trespass)

birtokháborítás

entry to another's property without right or permission

to discriminate
to discriminate
ige
d
d
i
ɪ
s
s
c
k
r
r
i
ɪ
m
m
i
ə
n
n
a
t
t
e
(diszkriminál)

(diszkriminál)

megkülönböztet

to unfairly treat a person or group of people based on their sex, race, etc.

Nyelvtani Információk:

Tárgyatlan
to embezzle
to embezzle
ige
e
ɪ
m
m
b
b
e
ɛ
zz
z
ə
l
l
e
(eltékozol)

(eltékozol)

sikkaszt

to secretly steal money entrusted to one's care, typically by manipulating financial records, for personal use or gain

Nyelvtani Információk:

Tárgyas
to harass
to harass
ige
h
h
a
ɜ
r
r
a
æ
ss
s
(molesztál)

(molesztál)

zaklat

to subject someone to aggressive pressure or intimidation, often causing distress or discomfort

Nyelvtani Információk:

Tárgyas
to launder
ige
l
l
au
ɔ
n
n
d
d
e
ɜ
r
r
(pénzt mos)

(pénzt mos)

tisztára mos

to make some alterations in order to make something that has been obtained illegally, especially money and currency appear legal or acceptable

Nyelvtani Információk:

Tárgyas
to commit
ige
c
k
o
ə
mm
m
i
ɪ
t
t
(illetlen cselekedetet végrehajtani)

(illetlen cselekedetet végrehajtani)

bűncselekményt elkövetni

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

Nyelvtani Információk:

Tárgyas
to stalk
to stalk
ige
s
s
t
t
a
ɔ
l
k
k
(kémkedik)

(kémkedik)

leskelődik

to follow, watch, or pursue someone persistently and often secretly, causing them fear or discomfort

Nyelvtani Információk:

Tárgyas
to trespass
ige
t
t
r
r
e
ɛ
s
s
p
p
a
æ
ss
s
(törvénytelenül belép)

(törvénytelenül belép)

sért

to enter someone's land or building without permission

embezzler
Főnév
e
ɛ
m
m
b
b
e
ɛ
zz
z
l
l
e
ɜ
r
r
N/A

N/A

someone who violates a trust by taking (money) for his own use

perjurer
Főnév
p
p
e
ɜ
r
r
j
ʤ
u
ɜ
r
r
e
ɜ
r
r
N/A

N/A

a person who deliberately gives false testimony

stalker
stalker
Főnév
s
s
t
t
a
ɔ
l
k
k
e
ɜ
r
r
(zaklató)

(zaklató)

stalker

a person who persistently and obsessively follows, watches, or harasses someone else, often causing fear, distress, or a sense of danger

trespasser
Főnév
t
t
r
r
e
ɛ
s
s
p
p
a
ə
ss
s
e
ə
r
r
N/A

N/A

someone who intrudes on the privacy or property of another without permission

law-abiding
melléknév
uk flag
/lˈɔːɐbˈaɪdɪŋ/
(jogszerű)

(jogszerű)

törvénytisztelő

being obedient to the law

lawbreaker
Főnév
l
l
a
ɔ
w
b
b
r
r
ea
k
k
e
ɜ
r
r
N/A

N/A

someone who violates the law

to [take] the law into {one's} (own|) hands
to take the law into one's (own) hands
kifejezés
uk flag
/tˈeɪk ðə lˈɔː ˌɪntʊ wˈʌnz ˈoʊn ɔːɹ hˈændz/
N/A

N/A

Formal
Idiom

to illegally punish someone in a way that one personally thinks is right or just, often by the use of violence

What is the origin of the idiom "take the law into one's hands" and when to use it?

The idiom "take the law into one's hands" has its origins in English common law and legal principles. It refers to the act of individuals or groups assuming the role of law enforcement or justice system without proper authority or due process. It is commonly employed in discussions surrounding issues of perceived injustice, lack of trust in the legal system, or situations where individuals feel compelled to seek their own form of retribution.

to [lay] down the law
to lay down the law
kifejezés
uk flag
/lˈeɪ dˌaʊn ðə lˈɔː/
N/A

N/A

Idiom

to tell people what to do in a forceful and authoritative manner

What is the origin of the idiom "lay down the law" and when to use it?

The origin of the idiom "lay down the law" can be traced back to the legal system and the concept of judges or legal authorities establishing rules or pronouncing judgments. The phrase likely emerged from the idea that when a judge "lays down the law," they are asserting their authority to provide a definitive interpretation of the law and set the guidelines for behavior or resolution. It is often employed in situations where there is a need to maintain order, resolve conflicts, or ensure compliance.

a law unto {oneself}
a law unto oneself
kifejezés
uk flag
/ɐ lˈɔː ˌʌntʊ wʌnsˈɛlf/
N/A

N/A

Idiom
Informal

someone who does not behave according to rules or expectations of society

What is the origin of the idiom "a law unto oneself" and when to use it?

The origin of the idiom "a law unto oneself" can be traced back to the concept of self-governance and personal autonomy. While it is difficult to pinpoint a specific origin, the phrase embodies a philosophical idea that individuals have the ability to establish their own rules and principles, separate from external laws or societal norms. This phrase is used when someone consistently does things their own way, based on what they think is right, without caring about what others say or any rules from outside.

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