Ballet

An arabesque is a ballet position where the dancer extends one leg straight behind them while standing on the other leg. The arms are typically held in a graceful position, often one arm reaching forward and the other extended to the side or overhead. The extended leg is usually lifted to a height that is comfortable for the dancer, and the body remains upright and balanced. The arabesque emphasizes elegance and control, and it is used to showcase the dancer's flexibility and poise. This position is common in ballet and other dance styles, contributing to the overall artistry of the performance.

In ballet, an attitude is a dance position where the dancer lifts one leg behind them, keeping it bent at the knee. The standing leg supports the dancer's weight, and the body is often slightly tilted forward. The arms are usually positioned to complement the extended leg. The attitude highlights the dancer's balance, flexibility, and grace, and it is used to add a dramatic and expressive element to the choreography.

In ballet, ballon refers to the light, airy quality of a dancer’s jump, where they appear to float or bounce in the air. The term describes the ability to maintain a sense of weightlessness and elevation during jumps, and it involves a smooth transition between ascending and descending. Ballon is achieved through precise technique, including proper use of the legs and feet, control of the body's alignment, and effective use of momentum. A dancer with good ballon demonstrates both elegance and control, creating the impression of effortless, floating movement in the air.

In ballet, an assemblé is a jumping movement where the dancer leaps into the air and brings both legs together before landing. To perform an assemblé, the dancer pushes off the ground with one leg, while the other leg is extended or in preparation. In mid-air, both legs come together, usually in a closed position, before landing gracefully on both feet. The assemblé demonstrates coordination and control, and it is a fundamental step used in various ballet routines.

In ballet, a barre is a horizontal rail mounted on the wall used for support during warm-ups and exercises. Dancers hold onto the barre with one hand while performing various movements and stretches, which helps them maintain balance and proper alignment. The barre is essential for building strength, improving technique, and practicing fundamental steps. It is a key tool in ballet training, allowing dancers to develop their skills and prepare for more complex movements and choreography.

In ballet, a brisé is a jump where the dancer leaps into the air and quickly beats their legs together before landing. The movement begins with the dancer pushing off the ground, and while in the air, they perform a small beat by crossing the legs at the ankles or knees. The dancer then lands gracefully on one foot. The brisé requires precise timing and control, showcasing the dancer's ability to combine height and agility in their jumps.

A pas de chat is a ballet step involving a quick, graceful sideways jump. During the move, the dancer leaps to the side, lifting one knee up towards the chest while bringing the other leg to join it in mid-air. The name "pas de chat" translates to "step of the cat" in French, reflecting the light, cat-like quality of the movement. The dancer typically lands softly on both feet, with the legs coming together in a closed position. The pas de chat emphasizes agility and smoothness, adding elegance and fluidity to ballet routines.

A dégagé is a ballet movement where the dancer extends one leg to the side, front, or back with the foot slightly off the ground. The term "dégagé" means "disengaged" in French, indicating that the foot is lifted and separated from the floor. The movement is performed with a smooth, controlled action, and it helps to develop strength and flexibility in the legs. Dégagés are used to improve the dancer’s precision and control, and they are often included in exercises at the barre and in various ballet routines.

Pas de deux is a ballet term that refers to a dance performed by two people, usually a male and a female dancer. The phrase "pas de deux" translates to "step of two" in French. In this dance, the partners work together to execute coordinated movements, lifts, and turns, showcasing both individual technique and their ability to work in harmony with each other. Pas de deux performances often highlight the connection and balance between the dancers, and they are a prominent feature in many ballet performances, including classical and contemporary works.

A glissade is a ballet movement where the dancer glides or slides one foot along the floor, usually as part of a step or a transition between movements. To perform a glissade, the dancer begins by stepping one foot out, then smoothly slides the other foot to meet it while keeping both feet close to the ground. This movement helps to create a sense of flow and continuity in the dance, and it is often used to link steps or to prepare for jumps. The glissade emphasizes smooth, controlled motion and is a fundamental step in many ballet routines.

A fouetté is a dynamic and challenging turn in ballet where the dancer rapidly spins on one leg while the other leg extends and whips around. The term "fouetté" means "whipped" in French, reflecting the whipping motion of the extended leg. To perform a fouetté, the dancer typically starts in a plié or a similar position, then uses the momentum of the whipping leg to propel themselves into a series of fast, controlled turns. Fouetté turns require strong technique, balance, and precise timing, and they are often used to add dramatic flair and complexity to ballet performances.

A jeté is a ballet movement where the dancer leaps from one foot and lands on the other, often with a graceful, extended leg in the air. The term "jeté" means "thrown" in French, indicating the action of the leg being thrown or extended during the jump. To perform a jeté, the dancer typically pushes off the ground with one leg, extends the other leg forward or to the side, and then lands softly on the opposite foot. The jeté emphasizes both the height and the elegance of the leap, and it is used to add dynamic movement and fluidity to ballet choreography.

A sauté is a ballet movement where the dancer performs a jump from a standing position, typically using both feet to push off the ground and then landing softly. The term "sauté" means "jumped" in French. In a sauté, the dancer usually keeps the legs close together and the body aligned, with the aim of achieving a smooth, controlled ascent and descent. This step is fundamental in ballet, helping to develop strength, coordination, and proper technique in jumping. Sautés are often included in various exercises and routines to enhance the dancer's ability to perform jumps with grace and precision.

Rond de jambe is a ballet movement where the dancer moves one leg in a circular motion, either on the ground or in the air. The term "rond de jambe" means "circle of the leg" in French. To perform a rond de jambe, the dancer extends one leg and traces a circular path with the foot, moving either clockwise or counterclockwise. This movement can be done from various positions, such as in plié or in the air, and helps to develop flexibility, strength, and control in the legs and hips. Rond de jambe is often used in exercises at the barre and in ballet routines to enhance leg movement and coordination.

Port de bras is a ballet term that refers to the movement and positioning of the arms. The term translates to "carriage of the arms" in French. Port de bras involves a series of graceful and controlled arm movements that help to frame and enhance the dancer's overall posture and expression. It includes various positions and transitions of the arms, such as raising them to different levels, moving them to the side, or extending them in front or above the head. Port de bras is essential for adding elegance and fluidity to the dance, and it plays a key role in maintaining proper alignment and balance throughout the performance.

Pointe is a ballet technique where the dancer stands on the very tip of the toes, supported by specially designed pointe shoes. This position requires significant strength, balance, and training to achieve. In pointe work, the dancer performs various movements such as rises, walks, and turns while on the tips of the toes, allowing for a graceful and elongated appearance. Pointe work is a key aspect of classical ballet and is used to add elegance and elevation to the choreography. It is typically introduced after a dancer has developed a strong foundation in ballet technique and has built the necessary strength and control.

Pas de basque is a ballet step that involves a smooth, rhythmic sequence of movements, often performed to transition between positions or steps. The term "pas de basque" translates to "Basque step" in French, reflecting its origins in traditional Basque dance. To execute a pas de basque, the dancer typically steps to the side, brings the other foot to meet it, and then performs a quick step or hop, often incorporating a slight turn or movement in the direction of the original step. This step helps to create a flowing and connected quality in the dance, and it is commonly used in various ballet routines to maintain continuity and add dynamic movement.

Pas de bourrée is a ballet step involving a quick, three-step movement that transitions the dancer smoothly from one position to another. To perform a pas de bourrée, the dancer steps back on one foot, then brings the other foot to meet it, and finally steps to the side or forward. This movement can be done in various positions and directions, often with a change in weight or orientation. Pas de bourrée is used to add fluidity and connection between steps, helping dancers transition smoothly through their routines.

A chassé is a ballet movement where the dancer glides or slides from one position to another, typically with one foot chasing the other. The term "chassé" means "chased" in French, reflecting the motion where one foot follows the other. To perform a chassé, the dancer steps out with one foot and then brings the other foot to join it, often in a smooth, sliding motion. This step is often used to travel across the floor or to transition between different movements, creating a flowing and elegant effect. The chassé emphasizes smoothness and control, making it a versatile and essential movement in ballet and other dance styles.

A sissonne is a ballet jump where the dancer leaps from both feet and lands on one foot. To perform a sissonne, the dancer starts in a plié position, then jumps into the air, usually extending one leg while the other leg remains in a bent position. The landing is made on one foot, with the other leg either extended or in a particular position. This jump helps to showcase the dancer's strength and control and adds a dynamic element to ballet routines.

A tour en l'air is a ballet movement where the dancer performs a complete turn in the air. To execute a tour en l'air, the dancer typically starts from a plié, then jumps and rotates 360 degrees in mid-air before landing back on the same foot or on both feet. This movement requires strong technique, precision, and control to complete the turn smoothly and land gracefully. The tour en l'air is often used in ballet performances to highlight a dancer’s skill and to add a dramatic, high-flying element to the choreography.

A calypso leap is a dynamic jump commonly seen in contemporary dance. During this move, the dancer leaps into the air, performing a 180-degree turn. As they spin, one leg is extended straight behind the body, creating a striking visual effect. The jump is characterized by its power and grace, with the extended leg adding an element of elegance and flair to the leap. The calypso leap requires strong technique and coordination to achieve the full rotation and maintain balance during the extended leg position.

A cabriole is a ballet step where the dancer performs a jump in which one leg is extended and kicked into the air, while the other leg is lifted to meet it in a beating motion. The term "cabriole" means "goat" in French, reflecting the leaping, kicking action of the movement. To execute a cabriole, the dancer jumps from one leg, extends the other leg upward, and then brings the extended leg back down to meet the supporting leg before landing. This step showcases the dancer's agility and strength, and it adds a lively and dramatic element to ballet choreography.

Demi-pointe is a ballet position where the dancer rises onto the balls of the feet while keeping the heels slightly off the ground. The term "demi-pointe" means "half-point" in French, indicating that the dancer is not on full pointe but rather in a lower, more controlled position. This position is used to achieve a sense of elevation and to develop strength and flexibility in the feet and ankles. Demi-pointe is commonly practiced in various ballet exercises and is an essential skill for executing jumps, turns, and other movements with precision and grace.

Changement de pied is a ballet jump where the dancer springs into the air from a position with the feet crossed and switches the position of the feet before landing. The term "changement de pied" means "change of feet" in French. During the jump, the dancer pushes off from both feet and, while in the air, quickly changes the position of the feet so that the opposite foot is in front when they land. This movement is repeated in quick succession to create a lively and rhythmic effect, often seen in the fast sections of ballet.

The second position is a basic stance in ballet where the dancer stands with their feet turned out and placed shoulder-width apart. The heels are aligned with each other, and the toes point outward, creating a V-shape. The arms can be held out to the sides, slightly rounded and at shoulder height, or in other specific positions depending on the exercise. The second position is one of the five fundamental positions in ballet and is used as a starting point for many movements and steps. It helps dancers develop balance, alignment, and proper posture.

A tour jeté is an advanced ballet jump that combines a leap with a turning motion in the air. During a tour jeté, the dancer begins by taking off from one foot, performs a half-turn while in the air, and then lands on the opposite foot. The front leg is usually extended forward during the takeoff, and as the turn occurs, the other leg kicks up and extends behind, creating a scissor-like motion with the legs. This move requires strength, coordination, and precise timing, resulting in a dramatic and visually impressive movement that showcases the dancer's agility and skill.

Développé is a ballet movement where the dancer smoothly lifts one leg and extends it outward to a straight position, either to the front, side, or back. To perform a développé, the dancer begins by drawing the working leg up along the supporting leg and then extends it fully while maintaining control and balance. This movement highlights the dancer's strength, flexibility, and control, as it requires a sustained, graceful motion with a high level of precision.

Épaulement is a ballet term that refers to the positioning and movement of the shoulders, head, and upper body to add expression and style to a dancer’s performance. In épaulement, the dancer subtly twists the upper body and head in relation to the lower body, enhancing the line and overall appearance of the movement. This technique helps to convey emotion and character, as well as to create a more dynamic and three-dimensional look. Proper use of épaulement is essential for adding depth and artistry to ballet performances.

An échappé is a ballet movement where the dancer jumps or slides from a closed position to an open position. The term "échappé" means "escaped" in French, reflecting the action of the feet moving apart. To perform an échappé, the dancer starts with their feet together in a closed position, then jumps or slides the feet outward, landing softly in an open position. This step is often used to add variation and lightness to a sequence of movements, and it helps to develop strength and control in the legs and feet.

The first position is one of the fundamental stances in ballet. In this position, the dancer stands with their heels together and toes turned out, forming a straight line or a slight V-shape with the feet. The legs are straight and the knees are kept together. The arms are usually rounded and held in front of the body, with the fingertips almost touching, creating a gentle curve. The first position is a starting point for many ballet movements and helps establish proper alignment, balance, and turnout. It is essential for building a solid foundation in ballet technique.

The fourth position is a basic stance in ballet where the dancer's feet are placed one in front of the other, with a small gap between them, and both feet are turned out. The toes of each foot point outward, away from the body, while the heels are aligned with each other. The feet are usually separated by about the length of one foot, with the front foot slightly forward. The arms can be positioned in various ways depending on the exercise, such as one arm rounded in front of the body and the other extended to the side. The fourth position is used as a transition between other positions and is important for developing balance and control in ballet.

Retiré is a ballet position where the dancer stands on one leg with the other leg lifted and bent at the knee, with the foot usually resting just above the knee of the supporting leg. The lifted leg is often positioned to the side, front, or back, depending on the movement. The term "retiré" means "withdrawn" in French, reflecting the action of withdrawing the foot up to the knee. This position is used in various ballet steps and turns, helping to showcase the dancer’s balance, strength, and elegance. Retiré is essential for maintaining proper alignment and achieving smooth transitions in choreography.

Relevé is a ballet movement where the dancer rises onto the balls of the feet, lifting the heels off the ground. The term "relevé" means "raised" or "elevated" in French. To perform a relevé, the dancer starts in a plié or other position with the feet flat on the floor, then pushes up onto the toes or demi-pointe. The movement emphasizes control and strength in the feet and ankles, and it is used to create a sense of height and elegance in ballet. Relevé is commonly practiced at the barre and in various dance steps to build balance and stability.

A fish dive is a dramatic movement in contemporary dance or modern ballet where one dancer lifts another into the air, often while the lifted dancer arches their body backward in a sweeping motion. The term "fish dive" refers to the way the lifted dancer's movement resembles a fish diving or arching through water. During the lift, the dancer being lifted might extend their arms and legs, creating a flowing and graceful shape. The fish dive requires strong technique and coordination between the dancers to ensure a smooth and safe execution, and it adds a dynamic and visually striking element to the choreography.

Port de deux is a ballet term that refers to a dance performed by two people, typically a male and female dancer. In port de deux, the partners work together to execute coordinated movements, lifts, and turns, with the male dancer often providing support and elevation for the female dancer. The duet showcases both individual technique and the connection between the dancers, creating a harmonious and expressive performance. Port de deux is a key element in many classical and contemporary ballet works, highlighting the dancers' skill and teamwork.

The fifth position is a fundamental stance in ballet where the dancer stands with one foot directly in front of the other, with the heel of the front foot touching the toes of the back foot. Both feet are turned out, and the legs are tightly crossed, creating a small V-shape. The knees should be fully extended and aligned, and the body remains centered and balanced. The arms are typically rounded and held low in front of the body or can be positioned in various ways depending on the movement. The fifth position is essential for many ballet steps and exercises, providing a strong foundation for balance, control, and proper alignment.

Batterie is a ballet term referring to a series of rapid, intricate foot movements performed in the air. The term "batterie" means "beating" in French, reflecting the quick, rhythmic action of the feet. In a batterie, the dancer performs various beats or strikes with the legs, typically involving small, sharp movements where one foot beats against the other while in a jump. This step is used to showcase a dancer's precision, agility, and technical skill, adding a lively and dynamic element to ballet routines.

Grand battement is a ballet movement where the dancer lifts one leg high into the air and then lowers it back down with control. To perform a grand battement, the dancer begins in a standing position, raises one leg from the hip to a high position, either to the front, side, or back, and then returns it to the floor. The movement is typically executed with a strong, controlled action, emphasizing both the height of the leg lift and the smoothness of the return. Grand battement helps to develop strength, flexibility, and coordination in the legs and is commonly used in various ballet exercises and routines.

Petit battement is a ballet movement where the dancer rapidly and repeatedly beats one foot against the ankle or calf of the supporting leg. To perform a petit battement, the dancer lifts one leg slightly off the floor and moves the foot in a small, controlled motion, usually with the toes pointing down and the heel close to the supporting leg. This movement is done with quick, precise beats and is often used to develop ankle strength, control, and flexibility. Petit battement is commonly practiced at the barre and in various ballet exercises to enhance the dancer's technical ability and articulation of the feet.

Divertissement is a short, decorative dance or series of dances that are included within a larger performance or ballet. These sections are often lighter and more playful compared to the main plot or dramatic elements of the ballet. They showcase a variety of dance styles and may feature solos, duets, or group dances. Divertissements are meant to entertain the audience and highlight the dancers' skills and versatility, providing a visual and enjoyable break from the main narrative.

In ballet, the term "pas" means "step" in French. It is used to describe a variety of movements or sequences of steps performed in a dance. Each "pas" can have specific characteristics and can be combined with other steps to create more complex movements or phrases. For example, "pas de deux" refers to a dance for two people, while "pas de chat" and "pas de bourrée" are names of specific ballet steps. The term is fundamental in ballet vocabulary, as it represents the basic unit of movement that contributes to the structure and flow of a dance.

A pas seul is a dance step or sequence performed by a single dancer. The term "pas seul" translates to "solo step" in French. Unlike group or partnered steps, pas seul highlights the individual dancer's skill, technique, and expressiveness. This term is often used to describe solo variations or passages within a ballet performance where the dancer is featured alone, allowing them to showcase their artistry and technical ability.

Allegro is a section of a ballet performance or practice that includes quick, energetic steps and jumps. Allegro movements are characterized by their speed and rhythm, and they require agility, strength, and precision. These steps often involve a series of rapid jumps, turns, and intricate footwork designed to demonstrate the dancer's technical skill and vitality.

An adagio is a part of a piece of music or a whole composition that is meant to be played slowly. It is known for its calm and gentle pace, which allows the performer to express more emotion and create a reflective mood. This slower tempo helps to highlight the music's expressive qualities and gives it a more soothing, thoughtful character.