Philosophy

nihilism

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nichilismo

a system of thought that considers life as meaningless and rejects religious beliefs, moral principles, legal rules, etc.

utilitarianism

sostantivo

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utilitarismo

the doctrine that the best measure or decision is the one that satisfies the majority of people

stoicism

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stoicismo

an ancient Greek philosophy that values virtue and encourages living in harmony with nature's divine Reason

solipsism

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(solipsista)

solipsismo

a philosophical concept or belief system that asserts the self as the only reality and that only the individual's mind is sure to exist

ontology

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ontologia

the branch of philosophy that is concerned with concepts such as existence, being, and reality

monism

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(monistismo)

monismo

a philosophical theory asserting that all of reality is fundamentally unified and derived from a single substance or principle

objectivism

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(oggettività)

oggettivismo

a philosophy that emphasizes individual rights, reason, and laissez-faire capitalism

subjectivism

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soggettivismo

a notion in philosophy according to which knowledge, moral values, and ethical obligations are subjective and there is no external or objective truth

absurdism

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(assurdismo)

assurdità

the belief that life is inherently meaningless, yet individuals can create their own meaning

teleology

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(studio della finalità)

teleologia

the study of purpose, design, and final causes in the natural world, exploring the idea that things have inherent goals or intentions

cogito

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(pensiero)

cogito

the philosophy illustrating the core acknowledgment of one's existence through the act of thinking

monad

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(monade fondamentale)

monade

a fundamental, indivisible entity or substance, often associated with Leibnizian philosophy, possessing inherent characteristics and reflecting the entire universe from its unique perspective

pragmatism

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pragmatismo

a philosophical movement that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, emphasizing the practical consequences and real-world effectiveness of beliefs, theories, and actions

noumenon

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(nomeno)

noumeno

a philosophical term referring to the intrinsic nature of a thing, independent of human perception, in contrast to phenomena which are how things appear to human observers

transcendence

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(oltrepassamento)

trascendenza

the state of surpassing ordinary experience to reach higher understanding or existence

empiricism

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empirismo

a theory stating that all knowledge is derived from experience

cynicism

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(scetticismo)

cinismo

a doubtful view toward others' honesty or intentions

Taoism

sostantivo

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(Daoismo)

Taoismo

a Chinese philosophy focusing on living in harmony with the Tao, the fundamental principle of the universe

libertarianism

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(libertarianismo)

libertarismo

a philosophy advocating minimal government intervention and prioritizing individual freedom

dualism

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(dualità)

dualismo

the belief that reality consists of two fundamental and opposing components, such as mind and body or good and evil

fatalism

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(fatalità)

fatalismo

the belief that events and outcomes are predetermined and inevitable, with little or no control by individuals

deconstruction

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/dikənˈstɹəkʃən/

(decostruzionismo)

decostruzione

a philosophy method that reveals and challenges underlying assumptions in texts and concepts

hedonism

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edonismo

a system of belief that the highest of good is when one is in the pursuit of pleasure

Cartesian

aggettivo

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(cartesiana)

cartesiano

related to the philosophical concepts of René Descartes, particularly his focus on rationalism and mind-body dualism

Kantian

aggettivo

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(kantiana)

kantiano

relating to the philosophical principles advocated by Immanuel Kant, focusing on rationality and morality

socratic

aggettivo

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(socrateo)

socratico

related to the teaching or method of questioning used by the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates

transcendental

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(transcendentale)

trascendentale

relating to a system of thought emphasizing intuition and spirituality over empirical evidence, seeking to understand reality beyond the physical world

tenet

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(dottrina)

principio

a fundamental belief or principle that is central to a system of thought, philosophy, or religion