reviewレビューchevron down
English Vocabulary in Use - Advanced /

015. Birth and Death: From Cradle to Grave

1 / 49
終了
1-
pregnancy
2-
conception
3-
to fertilize
4-
embryonal
5-
to implant
6-
womb
7-
uterus
8-
to conceive
9-
fertility drug
10-
fetus
11-
placenta
12-
labor
13-
to give birth
14-
midwife
15-
pregnant
16-
test-tube baby
17-
delivery
18-
to expect
19-
ripe old age
20-
late
21-
pensioner
22-
doddery
23-
gaga
24-
to keep (all) one's wits about somebody
25-
dementia
26-
coffin
27-
wake
28-
will
29-
mourning
30-
cremation
31-
to scatter
32-
to bereave
33-
crematorium
34-
burial
35-
condolence
36-
loss
37-
to pass away
38-
to pass on
39-
at death's door
40-
on one's last legs
41-
fatality
42-
to perish
43-
to slaughter
44-
deceased
45-
to bequeath
46-
bequest
47-
to inherit
48-
inheritance
49-
intestate
pregnancy
pregnancy
名詞
p
p
r
r
e
ɛ
g
g
n
n
a
ə
n
n
c
s
y
i
(妊娠状態(にんしんじょうたい))

(妊娠状態(にんしんじょうたい))

妊娠(にんしん)

the state of being with child

conception
名詞
c
k
o
ə
n
n
c
s
e
ɛ
p
p
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(妊娠(にんしん))

(妊娠(にんしん))

受胎(じゅたい)

the act of becoming pregnant; fertilization of an ovum by a spermatozoon

to fertilize
動詞
f
f
e
ɜ
r
r
t
t
i
ə
l
l
i
z
z
e
(受精する)

(受精する)

受精させる

to introduce male reproductive cells into the female reproductive system for reproduction

文法情報:

他動詞
embryonal
形容詞
e
ɛ
m
m
b
b
r
r
y
ɪ
o
ɑ:
n
n
a
ə
l
l
N/A

N/A

of an organism prior to birth or hatching

to implant
動詞
i
ɪ
m
m
p
p
l
l
a
æ
n
n
t
t
(インプラントする)

(インプラントする)

着床する

(of a fertilized egg) to attach itself to the wall of the uterus after conception

文法情報:

自動詞
womb
名詞
w
w
o
u
m
m
b
(胎内(たいない))

(胎内(たいない))

子宮(しきゅう)

the part of the body of a woman or female mammal where the baby develops before birth

What is "womb"?

The womb, also known as the uterus, is a muscular organ located in the female pelvis where a fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus during pregnancy. It has a lining called the endometrium that thickens and sheds in each menstrual cycle if pregnancy does not occur. The womb is designed to support the growth of a developing fetus, with its muscular walls capable of contracting during labor to facilitate childbirth.

uterus
名詞
u
ju
t
t
e
ɜ
r
r
u
ə
s
s
(ウテラス)

(ウテラス)

子宮 (しきゅう)

(anatomy) the organ in the female body where the fetus is conceived and grown before being born

What is "uterus"?

The uterus, also known as the womb, is a hollow, muscular organ located in the female pelvis. It serves as the site for the development and nourishment of a fertilized egg during pregnancy. The uterus consists of three layers: the innermost lining called the endometrium, which thickens and sheds during the menstrual cycle; the muscular middle layer known as the myometrium, responsible for contracting during labor and childbirth; and the outer layer called the perimetrium. The uterus is capable of expanding to accommodate a growing fetus and contracts to facilitate the delivery of the baby during childbirth.

to conceive
to conceive
動詞
c
k
o
ə
n
n
c
s
ei
i
v
v
e
(受胎する)

(受胎する)

妊娠する

to become pregnant

文法情報:

自動詞
fertility drug
名詞
uk flag
/fɜːtˈɪlɪɾi dɹˈʌɡ/
(排卵誘発剤)

(排卵誘発剤)

不妊治療薬

a medication designed to enhance fertility by addressing hormonal imbalances or stimulating the ovaries to improve the chances of conception

What is a "fertility drug"?

A fertility drug is a medication prescribed to help treat infertility in both men and women. These drugs work by stimulating or controlling the reproductive hormones responsible for ovulation in women or sperm production in men. They are often used in medical procedures such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intrauterine insemination (IUI).

fetus
fetus
名詞
f
f
e
i
t
t
u
ə
s
s
(胚(はい))

(胚(はい))

胎児(たいじ)

an offspring of a human or animal that is not born yet, particularly a human aged more than eight weeks after conception

placenta
名詞
p
p
l
l
a
ə
c
s
e
ɛ
n
n
t
t
a
ə
(プラセンタ)

(プラセンタ)

胎盤 (たいばん)

an organ that forms during pregnancy, connecting the developing fetus to the uterus, providing essential nutrients and oxygen

What is "placenta"?

The placenta is a vital organ that develops during pregnancy, connecting the developing fetus to the uterine wall in the mother's body. It serves as a lifeline, providing nourishment, oxygen, and waste elimination for the growing fetus. The placenta also facilitates the transfer of antibodies and hormones between the mother and the fetus. It acts as a barrier, protecting the fetus from certain infections and harmful substances. The placenta plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy pregnancy and is expelled from the body after childbirth. Understanding the functions and importance of the placenta is essential for ensuring the well-being of both the mother and the developing baby.

labor
名詞
l
l
a
b
b
o
ɜ
r
r
(陣痛(じんつう))

(陣痛(じんつう))

出産(しゅっさん)

the process of contractions and cervical dilation that leads to childbirth

What is "labor"?

Labor is the process of giving birth, where the uterus tightens and relaxes to help push the baby out. It happens in three stages: first, the cervix opens and the tightening and relaxing starts; second, the cervix continues to open and the tightening and relaxing becomes stronger; and third, the baby moves through the birth canal and is born, followed by the delivery of the placenta, which is the organ that provided nutrients and oxygen to the baby during pregnancy. The process helps guide the baby from the womb to the outside world.

to give birth
uk flag
/ɡˈɪv bˈɜːθ/
N/A

N/A

Collocation

to deliver a baby or offspring as a mother through the process of childbirth

midwife
midwife
名詞
m
m
i
ɪ
d
d
w
w
i
f
f
e
(助産師 (じょさんし))

(助産師 (じょさんし))

助産婦 (じょさんぷ)

a person, particularly a woman, whose occupation is helping a woman during childbirth

pregnant
pregnant
形容詞
p
p
r
r
e
ɛ
g
g
n
n
a
ə
n
n
t
t
(孕んでいる (はらんでいる))

(孕んでいる (はらんでいる))

妊娠している (にんしんしている)

(of a woman or a female animal) carrying a baby inside one's body

nonpregnant
test-tube baby
名詞
uk flag
/tˈɛsttˈuːb bˈeɪbi/
N/A

N/A

a baby conceived by fertilization that occurs outside the mother's body; the woman's ova are removed and mixed with sperm in a culture medium - if fertilization occurs the blastocyte is implanted in the woman's uterus

delivery
delivery
名詞
d
d
e
ɪ
l
l
i
ɪ
v
v
e
ɜ
r
r
y
i
(分娩(ぶんべん))

(分娩(ぶんべん))

出産(しゅっさん)

the event of giving birth

to expect
to expect
動詞
e
ɪ
x
ks
p
p
e
ɛ
c
k
t
t
(妊娠中である)

(妊娠中である)

妊娠している

to be pregnant and awaiting the birth of a child

文法情報:

自動詞
ripe old age
ripe old age
uk flag
/ɹˈaɪp ˈoʊld ˈeɪdʒ/
N/A

N/A

Idiom

an advanced stage of life characterized by a long lifespan and great wisdom

What is the origin of the idiom "ripe old age" and when to use it?

The origin of the idiom "ripe old age" is uncertain, but it is often used to describe someone who has lived to an advanced stage of maturity or wisdom. It may have originated from the notion of a fruit being fully matured before it begins to decay. This phrase is often used positively in obituaries, eulogies, or congratulatory messages to acknowledge and appreciate someone who has reached an advanced age and is perceived to have experienced a fulfilling life. However, it is important to use this idiom with sensitivity and respect, as it can also be perceived as ageist or demeaning if used inappropriately or insensitively.

late
late
形容詞
l
l
a
t
t
e
(亡(な)くなった)

(亡(な)くなった)

故(こ)

Formal

(of a person) having recently passed away

pensioner
pensioner
名詞
p
p
e
ɛ
n
n
sio
ʃə
n
n
e
r
r
(退職者)

(退職者)

年金生活者

a retired person who gets an amount of money each month, called pension, usually from the government

doddery
形容詞
d
d
o
ɑ:
dd
d
e
ə
r
r
y
i
N/A

N/A

mentally or physically infirm with age

gaga
形容詞
g
g
a
ɑ
g
g
a
ə
(ボケた(ぼけた))

(ボケた(ぼけた))

年老いた(としおいた)

mentally or physically infirm with age

to [keep|have] (all|) {one's} wits about {sb}
to keep (all) one's wits about somebody
uk flag
/kˈiːp hæv ˈɔːl wˈʌnz wˈɪts ɐbˌaʊt ˌɛsbˈiː/
N/A

N/A

Idiom
Informal

to be prepared to handle things properly in case of danger or unpleasant events

What is the origin of the idiom "keep one's wits about someone" and when to use it?

The idiom "keep one's wits about someone" has a long history in the English language, dating back to Old English. It evolved from the term "wits," which referred to one's intelligence, mental faculties, and awareness. The exact historical origin is difficult to pinpoint due to its early usage in the language. Over time, it has become a common idiom used to encourage someone to stay alert and use their judgment effectively, particularly in situations requiring quick thinking and decision-making.

dementia
名詞
d
d
e
ɪ
m
m
e
ɛ
n
n
t
ʃ
ia
(痴呆)

(痴呆)

認知症

a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions

What is "dementia"?

Dementia is a mental condition characterized by a decline in mental abilities, including memory loss, difficulty with reasoning, judgment, and communication, and changes in behavior. It is typically caused by damage or disease in the brain, such as Alzheimer's disease or stroke. Dementia can significantly impact a person's ability to function independently and may affect their quality of life. Treatment for dementia focuses on managing symptoms, providing support to the individual and their caregivers, and addressing any underlying medical conditions contributing to the dementia.

coffin
名詞
c
k
o
ɔ
ff
f
i
ɪ
n
n
N/A

N/A

a long, narrow box, typically made of wood, in which a dead body is buried or cremated

wake
名詞
w
w
a
k
k
e
(ウェイク)

(ウェイク)

通夜(つや)

a vigil held over a corpse the night before burial

will
名詞
w
w
i
ɪ
ll
l
(遺書(いしょ))

(遺書(いしょ))

遺言(いごん)

a legal documant that a person writes to decide what happenes to their belongings after their death

mourning
名詞
m
m
ou
ɔ
r
r
n
n
i
ɪ
n
n
g
g
N/A

N/A

the passionate and demonstrative activity of expressing grief

cremation
名詞
c
k
r
r
e
i
m
m
a
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
N/A

N/A

the incineration of a dead body

to scatter
to scatter
動詞
s
s
c
k
a
æ
tt
t
e
ɜ
r
r
(ばら撒く (ばらまく))

(ばら撒く (ばらまく))

散らす (ちらす)

to make things like items, people, particles, etc. spread out from a center and move in different directions

文法情報:

他動詞
to bereave
to bereave
動詞
b
b
e
ɜ
r
r
ea
i
v
v
e
(失う(うしなう))

(失う(うしなう))

奪う(うばう)

to deprive someone of a loved one through death

文法情報:

他動詞
crematorium
名詞
c
k
r
r
e
i
m
m
a
ə
t
t
o
ɔ
r
r
iu
m
m
(火葬施設)

(火葬施設)

火葬場

a building for burning the dead bodies of people, often as a funeral ceremony

burial
burial
名詞
b
b
u
ɛ
r
r
ia
l
l
(葬儀(そうぎ))

(葬儀(そうぎ))

埋葬(まいそう)

the act of burying a dead body or the ceremony in which a dead body is buried

condolence
名詞
c
k
o
ə
n
n
d
d
o
l
l
e
ə
n
n
c
s
e
(弔意 (ちょうい))

(弔意 (ちょうい))

お悔やみ (おくやみ)

an expression of compassion toward an individual who has lost someone in their life recently

loss
名詞
l
l
o
ɔ
ss
s
(損失 (そんしつ))

(損失 (そんしつ))

喪失 (そうしつ)

the experience of losing a loved one

to pass away
to pass away
動詞
uk flag
/pˈæs ɐwˈeɪ/
(死去する(しきょする))

(死去する(しきょする))

亡くなる(なくなる)

to no longer be alive

be born

文法情報:

自動詞
句動詞の状態
inseparable
フレーズの動詞
pass
フレーズの助詞
away
to pass on
to pass on
動詞
uk flag
/pˈæs ˈɑːn/
(逝去する)

(逝去する)

亡くなる

to no longer be alive

文法情報:

自動詞
句動詞の状態
inseparable
フレーズの動詞
pass
フレーズの助詞
on
at death's door
uk flag
/æt dˈɛθz dˈoːɹ/
N/A

N/A

Idiom
Informal

used to describe someone who is about to die

What is the origin of the idiom "at death's door" and when to use it?

The idiom "at death's door" is a figurative expression originating from the idea that someone who is severely ill or injured is so close to death that they are metaphorically standing at the threshold or door of the afterlife. It is used to describe individuals who are in an extremely critical or life-threatening condition, often suggesting that their chances of recovery are minimal.

on {one's} last legs
on one's last legs
uk flag
/ˌɑːn wˈʌnz lˈæst lˈɛɡz/
N/A

N/A

Idiom
Informal

in a very poor condition or near the end of their lifespan or usefulness

What is the origin of the idiom "on one's last legs" and when to use it?

The idiom "on one's last legs" is believed to have originated in the 17th century and was used to describe animals that were near death and could barely stand up. The phrase now means to be in a very weak or poor state, often due to age or illness. The phrase is often used to describe people or things that are nearing the end of their useful life.

fatality
名詞
f
f
a
ə
t
t
a
æ
l
l
i
ɪ
t
t
y
i
(死亡 (しぼう))

(死亡 (しぼう))

致死 (ちし)

a death resulting from violence or accident

to perish
to perish
動詞
p
p
e
ɛ
r
r
i
ɪ
sh
ʃ
(死ぬ)

(死ぬ)

亡くなる

to lose one's life, often terribly or suddenly

be born

文法情報:

自動詞
to slaughter
to slaughter
動詞
s
s
l
l
au
ɔ
gh
t
t
e
ɜ
r
r
(殺戮する)

(殺戮する)

虐殺する

to kill a large number of people, often in a harsh and heartless manner

文法情報:

他動詞
deceased
名詞
d
d
e
ɪ
c
s
ea
i
s
s
e
d
t
(亡者(もうじゃ))

(亡者(もうじゃ))

故人(こじん)

someone who is no longer alive

to bequeath
to bequeath
動詞
b
b
e
ɪ
q
k
u
w
ea
i
th
θ
(譲渡する)

(譲渡する)

遺贈する

to give personal property to someone through a legal instrument, typically after one's death

disinherit

文法情報:

ditransitive
bequest
名詞
b
b
e
ɪ
q
k
u
w
e
ɛ
s
s
t
t
N/A

N/A

(law) a gift of personal property by will

to inherit
to inherit
動詞
i
ɪ
n
n
h
h
e
ɛ
r
r
i
ə
t
t
(遺産を受け継ぐ)

(遺産を受け継ぐ)

相続する

to receive money, property, etc. from someone who has passed away

文法情報:

他動詞
inheritance
inheritance
名詞
i
ɪ
n
n
h
h
e
ɛ
r
r
i
ə
t
t
a
ə
n
n
c
s
e
(遺産 (いさん))

(遺産 (いさん))

相続 (そうぞく)

what one receives upon a person's death, such as property, money, etc.

intestate
形容詞
i
ɪ
n
n
t
t
e
ɪ
s
s
t
t
a
t
t
e
(遺言不在の)

(遺言不在の)

遺言のない

dying without having left a will behind

testate

おめでとうございます! !

49 から undefined 語を学びました。学習と語彙の復習を改善するために、練習を始めましょう!

review-disable

レビュー

flashcard-disable

フラッシュカード

spelling-disable

綴り

quiz-disable

クイズ

practice