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English Vocabulary in Use - Advanced /

085. Abbreviations and Acronyms

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終了
1-
e.g.
2-
i.e.
3-
anno Domini
4-
Common Era
5-
before Christ
6-
European Union
7-
ID
8-
nota bene
9-
intelligence quotient
10-
frequently asked question
11-
as soon as possible
12-
very important person
13-
bedsit
14-
sitcom
15-
science fiction
16-
information
17-
Wi-Fi
18-
AIDS
19-
NATO
20-
personal identification number
21-
value-added tax
22-
figure
23-
editor
24-
page
25-
cf.
26-
et al.
27-
unidentified flying object
e.g.
副詞
uk flag
/ˌiˈɡi/
(例として)

(例として)

例えば

used before providing an example

文法情報:

疑問副詞
i.e.
副詞
uk flag
/ˈaɪiː/
(つまり)

(つまり)

すなわち

used to introduce a clarification or explanation

anno Domini
副詞
uk flag
/ˈænoʊ dəmˈiːni/
(キリスト紀元(きりすときげん))

(キリスト紀元(きりすときげん))

西暦(せいれき)

used to refer to a date that is after the birth of Jesus Christ

Common Era
副詞
uk flag
/kˈɑːmən ˈiəɹə/
(西暦で)

(西暦で)

共通紀元で

used with a date to refer to things happened or existed after the birth of Christ

before Christ
副詞
uk flag
/bɪfˌoːɹ kɹˈaɪst/
(キリスト以前(きりすといぜん))

(キリスト以前(きりすといぜん))

紀元前(きげんぜん)

marking the years before Christ's supposed birth

文法情報:

時間の副詞
European Union
European Union
名詞
uk flag
/jˌʊɹəpˈiən jˈuːniən/
(ヨーロッパ連合)

(ヨーロッパ連合)

欧州連合

a union of 27 European states that is formed to strengthen the economic and political bonds between its members

ID
ID
名詞
uk flag
/ˌaɪdˈiː/
(IDカード)

(IDカード)

身分証明書

any document that shows someone's name and date of birth, typically with a photograph

nota bene
名詞
uk flag
/nˈoʊɾə bˈɛni/
N/A

N/A

a Latin phrase (or its abbreviation) used to indicate that special attention should be paid to something

intelligence quotient
名詞
uk flag
/ɪntˈɛlɪdʒəns kwˈoʊʃənt/
(IQ)

(IQ)

知能指数

a measure of a person's reasoning ability and cognitive skills, derived from standardized tests designed to assess human intelligence

frequently asked question
名詞
uk flag
/fɹˈiːkwəntli ˈæskt kwˈɛstʃən/
N/A

N/A

a list of questions that are frequently asked (about a given topic) along with their answers

as soon as possible
副詞
uk flag
/æz sˈuːn æz pˈɑːsəbəl/
(なるべく早く)

(なるべく早く)

できるだけ早く

Collocation

used to express the urgency or immediacy of completing a task or taking action without unnecessary delay

very important person
名詞
uk flag
/vˈɛɹi ɪmpˈoːɹtənt pˈɜːsən/
(大物(おおもの))

(大物(おおもの))

VIP(非常に重要な人物)

is an individual who holds a significant or influential position and is often granted special privileges or treatment due to their status

bedsit
名詞
b
b
e
e
d
d
s
s
i
ɪ
t
t
N/A

N/A

a rented room with a bed, a few chairs, a table, and an area for cooking that can be primarily used for sleeping in

Dialectbritish flagBritish
sitcom
名詞
s
s
i
ɪ
t
t
c
k
o
ɑ
m
m
(コメディーストーリー)

(コメディーストーリー)

シットコム

a humorous show on television or radio with the same characters being involved with numerous funny situations in different episodes

What is a "situation comedy"?

A situation comedy, often called a sitcom, is a type of TV show that focuses on a group of characters in humorous, everyday situations. The plot typically revolves around the interactions and relationships between the characters, who are placed in amusing or awkward scenarios. Sitcoms often take place in familiar settings, such as a home, workplace, or social environment, and feature recurring themes or jokes. The goal is to entertain the audience with light-hearted humor, and these shows usually have a predictable format, with each episode offering new comedic situations.

science fiction
science fiction
名詞
uk flag
/ˈsaɪəns ˈfɪkʃən/
(科学小説)

(科学小説)

サイエンスフィクション

books, movies, etc. about imaginary things based on science

What is "science fiction"?

Science fiction is a genre of film, television, or literature that explores imaginative ideas based on science and future technology. It often includes elements such as advanced technology, space travel, time travel, or life from other planets. The stories are set in worlds different from our own, often involving creative scenarios and inventions that go beyond current scientific knowledge. The goal of science fiction is to entertain and provoke thought by presenting interesting and inventive ideas about the future or alternative realities.

文法情報:

複合名詞
information
information
名詞
i
ɪ
n
n
f
f
o
ə
r
r
m
m
a
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(インフォメーション)

(インフォメーション)

情報 (じょうほう)

facts or knowledge related to a thing or person

Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi
名詞
uk flag
/ˈwaɪˌfaɪ/
(無線LAN(むせんラン))

(無線LAN(むせんラン))

Wi-Fi(ワイファイ)

the technology that allows computers, cell phones, etc. to access the Internet or exchange data wirelessly

AIDS
名詞
uk flag
/ˈeɪdz/
(HIV感染症)

(HIV感染症)

エイズ

a serious disease caused by a virus that attacks the body's immune system and weakens it, can cause death in severe cases

What is "Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome"?

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a serious condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which attacks the immune system and weakens the body's ability to fight off infections and diseases. AIDS is considered the advanced stage of HIV infection, characterized by a significant decline in immune function and the development of infections or cancers. Symptoms of AIDS can include repeated fevers, unexplained weight loss, persistent diarrhea, and intense fatigue. Without treatment, AIDS can be life-threatening. However, with advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART), many people with HIV can prevent the progression to AIDS and live long and healthy lives.

NATO
名詞
uk flag
/nˈɑːtuː/
N/A

N/A

an international organization created in 1949 by the North Atlantic Treaty for purposes of collective security

personal identification number
名詞
uk flag
/pˈɜːsənəl aɪdˈɛntɪfɪkˈeɪʃən nˈʌmbɚ/
N/A

N/A

a unique numeric code chosen by an individual to securely access various accounts and services

文法情報:

複合名詞
value-added tax
名詞
uk flag
/vˈæljuːˈædᵻd tˈæks/
(バリュー・アッド・タックス)

(バリュー・アッド・タックス)

付加価値税

a tax put on the value added to a product at each stage of the supply chain, affecting the final price which the consumer pays

figure
figure
名詞
f
f
i
ɪ
g
g
u
j
ə
r
r
e
(イラスト)

(イラスト)

a diagram or illustration that is used to show or explain something, such as a chart, graph, or drawing

editor
editor
名詞
e
ɛ
d
d
i
ɪ
t
t
o
ə
r
r
(エディター)

(エディター)

編集者

someone who is in charge of a newspaper agency, magazine, etc. and decides what should be published

Who is an "editor"?

An editor is a person responsible for reviewing, revising, and improving written content before it is published. Editors ensure that articles, reports, and other types of written material meet the publication's standards for clarity, accuracy, grammar, style, and tone. They may also organize the structure of the content, verify facts, and make sure the work aligns with the intended message or audience. Editors work in various fields, including journalism, publishing, and content creation, and they play a critical role in shaping and refining the final output that reaches readers.

page
page
名詞
p
p
a
g
ʤ
e
(頁)

(頁)

ページ

one side or both sides of a sheet of paper in a newspaper, magazine, book, etc.

cf.
副詞
uk flag
/sˌiːˈɛf/
N/A

N/A

compare (used in texts to point the reader to another location in the text)

et al.
副詞
uk flag
/ˈɛt ˈæl/
N/A

N/A

and others ('et al.' is used as an abbreviation of `et alii' (masculine plural) or `et aliae' (feminine plural) or `et alia' (neuter plural) when referring to a number of people)

unidentified flying object
unidentified flying object
名詞
uk flag
/ˌjuˌɛˈfoʊ/
(UFO(ユーエフオー))

(UFO(ユーエフオー))

未確認飛行物体

a mysterious object that some people claim to have seen flying around in the sky and assume that it is a spaceship from another world

文法情報:

複合名詞

おめでとうございます! !

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