「法」に関連する言葉 | TOEFL向けの上級語彙

article

名詞

a

ɑ:

r

t

i

ɪ

c

k

ə

l

e

閉じる

サインイン

(条文 (じょうぶん))

条項 (じょうこう)

a paragraph or clause in a legal agreement or document that is separate from others and deals with something particular

例

Click on words

The contract was voided because Article 4 was violated.

According to Article 7, the tenant is responsible for maintaining the property.

affidavit

名詞

a

æ

ff

f

i

ə

d

a

eɪ

v

i

ə

t

(アファダビット)

宣誓供述書

a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court

warrant

名詞

w

a

ɔ

rr

r

a

ə

n

t

(逮捕状)

令状

an order issued by a judge that authorizes the police to take specific actions

plaintiff

名詞

p

l

ai

eɪ

n

t

i

ə

ff

f

(訴え人（うったえびと）)

原告（げんこく）

a person who brings a lawsuit against someone else in a court

defendant

litigator

名詞

l

i

ɪ

t

i

ə

g

a

eɪ

t

o

ɜ

r

(リティゲーター)

訴訟弁護士

a lawyer who specializes in bringing a lawsuit against people or organizations in a court of law

settlement

名詞

s

e

ɛ

tt

t

ə

l

e

m

e

ə

n

t

( Settlement（セトルメント）)

和解（わかい）

an official agreement that puts an end to a dispute

waiver

名詞

w

ai

eɪ

v

e

ɜ

r

(権利放棄 (kenrihouki))

免責事項 (mensakujikou)

an official statement according to which one gives up their legal right or claim

to nullify

動詞

n

u

ə

ll

l

i

ə

f

y

aɪ

(取り消す)

無効にする

to legally invalidate an agreement, decision, etc.

validate

to sanction

動詞

s

a

æ

n

c

k

t

ʃ

io

ə

n

(許可する)

承認する

to officially approve of something such as an action, change, practice, etc.

文法情報:

他動詞

to enforce

動詞

e

ɛ

n

f

o

ɔ

r

c

s

e

(実施する (じっしする))

施行する (しこうする)

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

exempt

文法情報:

他動詞

to issue

動詞

i

ɪ

ss

ʃ

ue

u

(公表する)

発行する

to release an official document such as a statement, warrant, etc.

文法情報:

他動詞

to acquit

動詞

a

ə

c

k

q

u

w

i

ɪ

t

(無罪放免とする (むざいほうめんとする))

無罪を言い渡す (むざいをいいわたす)

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

convict

文法情報:

他動詞

to pardon

動詞

p

a

ɑ

r

d

o

ə

n

(赦免する (しゃめんする))

恩赦する (おんしゃする)

to discharge a criminal from the legal consequences of a conviction or violation

文法情報:

他動詞

to decree

動詞

d

e

ɪ

c

k

r

ee

i

(決定する)

宣言する

to make an official judgment, decision, or order

文法情報:

他動詞

prosecution

名詞

p

r

o

ɑ

s

e

ə

c

k

u

ju

t

ʃ

io

ə

n

(検察)

起訴

the process of bringing someone to court in an attempt to prove their guilt

defense

judiciary

名詞

j

ʤ

u

d

i

ɪ

c

ʃ

ia

iɛ

r

y

i

(裁判所)

司法

the part of a country's government that administers the legal system, including all its judges

to infringe

動詞

i

ɪ

n

f

r

i

ɪ

n

g

ʤ

e

(侵する)

侵害する

to violate someone's rights or property

文法情報:

他動詞

to overturn

動詞

/ˈoʊvɝˌtɝn/

(無効にする (むこうにする))

覆す (くつがえす)

to reverse, abolish, or invalidate something, especially a legal decision

文法情報:

他動詞

to void

動詞

v

oi

ɔɪ

d

(取り消す)

無効にする

to announce that something is no longer legally valid or binding

validate

文法情報:

他動詞

conviction

名詞

c

k

o

ə

n

v

i

ɪ

c

k

t

ʃ

io

ə

n

(有罪（ゆうざい）)

有罪判決（ゆうざいはんけつ）

a formal declaration by which someone is found guilty of a crime in a court of law

acquittal

indictment

名詞

i

ɪ

n

d

i

aɪ

c

t

m

e

ə

n

t

(告訴 (こくそ))

起訴状 (きそじょう)

a formal accusation of a crime

to outlaw

動詞

o

a

u

ʊ

t

l

a

ɔ

w

(違法とする)

禁止する

to officially state that something is illegal

legalize

文法情報:

他動詞

to legislate

動詞

l

e

ɛ

g

ʤ

i

ɪ

s

l

a

eɪ

t

e

(法律を制定する)

立法する

to create or bring laws into effect through a formal process

文法情報:

他動詞

notary

名詞

n

o

oʊ

t

a

ɜ

r

y

i

(公証役場（こうしょうやくば）)

公証人（こうしょうにん）

an official authorized to conduct particular legal formalities, especially to make documents legally acceptable

to interrogate

動詞

i

ɪ

n

t

e

ɛ

rr

r

o

ə

g

a

eɪ

t

e

(取り調べる (とりしらべる))

尋問する (じんもんする)

to question someone in an aggressive way for a long time in order to get information

文法情報:

他動詞

barrister

名詞

b

a

æ

rr

r

i

ɪ

s

t

e

ɜ

r

(バリスター)

弁護士 (べんごし)

a legal professional who is qualified and licensed to advocate on the behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts, primarily in Britain

to adjudicate

動詞

a

ə

d

j

ʤ

u

d

i

ɪ

c

k

a

eɪ

t

e

(裁判する)

判断する

to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute

文法情報:

他動詞

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