ユニット 9 - リファレンス

Performance art is a type of art where the artist uses their own actions and presence as the medium. Instead of creating physical objects like paintings or sculptures, performance artists engage in live actions or events that may include elements of theater, dance, or spoken word. The focus is on the experience and interaction between the artist and the audience, often aiming to provoke thought, evoke emotions, or challenge social norms.

Ballet is a classical dance form known for its grace, precision, and disciplined technique. It originated during the Italian Renaissance and later developed in France and Russia, becoming a highly respected art form. Ballet is characterized by its use of formalized steps, fluid movements, and elegant poses, often performed to orchestral music. Dancers typically wear specialized footwear called pointe shoes, allowing them to dance on the tips of their toes. Ballet is performed in both solo and group settings, often telling stories through expressive choreography, and remains a key part of the performing arts.

Classical music is a genre that originated in Europe and is known for its lasting significance and adherence to well-established rules and forms. It includes music composed with elaborate structures and techniques, such as symphonies and sonatas, that have been refined over centuries. Renowned composers in this genre include Johann Sebastian Bach, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and Ludwig van Beethoven. Classical music is valued for its depth, complexity, and its influence on the development of Western music.

An opera is a theatrical work that combines music, singing, and drama to tell a story. It features a full score, including orchestral accompaniment and vocal parts, and is performed by singers and musicians on stage. The music in an opera includes various forms such as arias, duets, and choruses, and the performance typically includes elaborate sets, costumes, and staging. Operas can range from tragic to comedic themes and are often divided into acts and scenes. This art form integrates dramatic expression with musical composition, creating a rich and immersive experience.

A documentary is a genre of film or television that provides a factual and detailed account of real-life events, people, or issues. It aims to inform and educate the audience by presenting actual footage, interviews, and research on a particular subject. Documentaries often explore a wide range of topics, such as historical events, social issues, or scientific discoveries, and strive to present information in a clear and unbiased manner. The goal of a documentary is to offer insight and a deeper understanding of its subject through thorough investigation and presentation of real-world facts.

A novel is a long work of fiction that tells a story through a narrative. It typically features a complex plot, developed characters, and a structured storyline. Novels are usually divided into chapters and can explore various themes and genres, such as romance, science fiction, mystery, or historical fiction. They offer an extended form of storytelling compared to shorter works like novellas or short stories, allowing for more depth and detail in the narrative and character development.

An exhibition is a public display of artworks, artifacts, or other items, typically held in museums or galleries. It allows people to see and appreciate various objects, often focused on a specific theme, artist, or period. Exhibitions can be temporary or permanent and are designed to educate, inspire, and interest the audience by presenting information and visual experiences in a structured way.

Graffiti is a type of street art where people draw or paint on public walls and surfaces, often without permission. It can range from simple writing to detailed pictures. Graffiti is used to share ideas, messages, or artwork and is commonly found in city areas. While it is often done illegally, it is also valued for its artistic expression and influence on city culture.

A scene is a distinct segment within a film, play, or other narrative work where a specific action or series of events takes place. It usually occurs in a single location and time period, focusing on particular characters or moments that advance the plot. Scenes are integral to the structure of a story, helping to develop characters, build tension, and move the narrative forward.

A villain is a character in a story, film, television show, or play who opposes the hero or protagonist and creates conflict. This character is typically portrayed as malevolent or antagonistic, with intentions and actions that hinder or challenge the main character. The villain often embodies negative traits and serves as a major source of obstacles or danger in the narrative.

A genre is a category or type of art, music, literature, film, or other creative work that shares specific characteristics and themes. Each genre has distinct features that define its style and content, such as particular story elements, moods, or methods of expression. For example, genres in film might include action, comedy, or drama, each with its own typical elements and conventions.

An action film is a genre of movie characterized by its emphasis on exciting, high-energy scenes and dynamic sequences. These films often feature intense physical activities, such as fights, chases, explosions, and stunts. The plot typically revolves around a hero or protagonist facing significant challenges or enemies, often involving criminal or adventurous elements. Action films are designed to captivate audiences with their fast-paced, visually engaging content and adrenaline-pumping scenarios, making them popular for their entertainment value and thrilling experiences.

A cartoon is a movie or TV show created by photographing a series of drawings or models instead of using real people or objects. In this type of animation, characters and scenes are illustrated in a stylized manner, and each frame is slightly different from the last. When these frames are played in sequence, they create the illusion of movement and action. Cartoons often focus on entertaining stories and can vary in style and complexity.

Comedy is a genre that centers around humor and aims to entertain by making the audience laugh. It often features playful and amusing situations, witty dialogue, and characters who find themselves in funny or absurd circumstances. The stories usually have a light-hearted tone and often end on a positive note, with resolutions that bring joy and satisfaction. The main goal of comedy is to provide enjoyment and amusement by showcasing the humorous side of everyday life and interactions.

A horror film is a genre of television or cinema designed to evoke fear, suspense, and excitement in its audience. It often features unsettling or terrifying elements such as monsters, ghosts, or supernatural events, and may include graphic or intense scenes. The stories are usually centered around themes of danger, the unknown, or evil forces, aiming to create a sense of dread and anticipation. The goal of a horror film is to provide a thrilling experience by appealing to basic human fears and delivering a dramatic, often chilling narrative.

A musical is a genre of film or theater that features a story told through songs and dance performances. The characters express their emotions and advance the plot through musical numbers, which are often integrated into the narrative. Musicals typically include a combination of dialogue, music, and choreography, with the aim of entertaining the audience through engaging and lively performances. The goal is to create a captivating experience that combines storytelling with the energy and artistry of musical and dance performances.

Science fiction is a genre of film, television, or literature that explores imaginative ideas based on science and future technology. It often includes elements such as advanced technology, space travel, time travel, or life from other planets. The stories are set in worlds different from our own, often involving creative scenarios and inventions that go beyond current scientific knowledge. The goal of science fiction is to entertain and provoke thought by presenting interesting and inventive ideas about the future or alternative realities.

A thriller is a genre of film, television, or literature designed to create suspense, excitement, and tension. It often involves high-stakes situations, such as crime, danger, or mystery, and focuses on keeping the audience on the edge of their seat. The stories typically include unexpected twists, intense action, and dramatic developments that heighten the sense of urgency and anticipation. The goal of a thriller is to engage viewers or readers with a gripping narrative that keeps them guessing and emotionally involved.