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rhetoric
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suffix
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prefix
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homonym
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jargon
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polyglot
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acronym
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abbreviation
9-
bilingual
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monolingual
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euphemism
12-
alliteration
13-
eloquence
rhetoric
名詞
r
r
h
e
ɛ
t
t
o
ɜ
r
r
i
ɪ
c
k
(レトリック)

(レトリック)

修辞学 (しゅうじがく)

the study of the rules and different methods of using language in a way that is effective

example
Click on words
Rhetoric is a vital skill in public speaking, as it enables speakers to craft persuasive messages that resonate with their audience and achieve their communication goals.
In classical Greece, rhetoric was considered one of the essential arts of persuasion, with orators honing their skills to sway crowds and influence decision-making.
suffix
名詞
s
s
u
ə
ff
f
i
ɪ
x
ks
(サフィックス)

(サフィックス)

接尾辞(せつびじ)

(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the end of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

What is a "suffix"?

A suffix is a type of affix that is added to the end of a base word or root to modify its meaning or grammatical function. Suffixes can change the part of speech, tense, or number of a word. For example, adding the suffix "-ing" to the verb "run" forms "running,", indicating an ongoing action. Similarly, adding the suffix "-ful" to the noun "beauty" creates the adjective "beautiful", which describes something that has beauty. Suffixes play an important role in word formation and help expand vocabulary in many languages.

prefix
名詞
uk flag
/ˈpɹifɪks/
(接頭語(せっていご))

(接頭語(せっていご))

接頭辞(せっとうじ)

(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the beginning of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

What is a "prefix"?

A prefix is a type of affix that is added to the beginning of a base word or root to modify its meaning. Prefixes can change the meaning of the word in various ways, such as indicating negation, repetition, or degree. For example, the prefix "un-" can be added to the word "happy" to form "unhappy", which means not happy. Other examples include "redo", where the prefix "re-" indicates doing something again, and "preview", where "pre-" means before. Prefixes are important in word formation, allowing for the creation of new words and the expansion of vocabulary in many languages.

homonym
名詞
h
h
o
ɔ
m
m
o
ə
n
n
y
ɪ
m
m
(同義異表記(どうぎいひょうき))

(同義異表記(どうぎいひょうき))

同音異義語(どうおんいぎご)

each of two or more words with the same spelling or pronunciation that vary in meaning and origin

jargon
名詞
j
ʤ
a
ɑ
r
r
g
g
o
ə
n
n
(ジャーゴン)

(ジャーゴン)

専門用語

words, phrases, and expressions used by a specific group or profession, which are incomprehensible to others

What is "jargon"?

Jargon refers to specialized words or expressions used by a particular profession, group, or field that may be difficult for outsiders to understand. It serves to facilitate communication among those within the same field by using precise terminology, but it can create barriers for those not familiar with the language. For example, in medicine, terms like "hypertension" and "myocardial infarction" are common jargon that might confuse someone without a medical background. While jargon can enhance clarity among experts, it may also lead to misunderstandings if used inappropriately with a general audience.

polyglot
名詞
p
p
o
ɑ
l
l
y
i
g
g
l
l
o
ɑ
t
t
(多言語話者)

(多言語話者)

ポリグロット

a person who can speak or understand multiple languages

acronym
名詞
a
æ
c
k
r
r
o
ə
n
n
y
ɪ
m
m
(略語(りゃくご))

(略語(りゃくご))

頭字語(とうじご)

a word formed from the initial letters of a phrase, pronounced as a single word

What is an "acronym"?

An acronym is a type of abbreviation formed by taking the initial letters of a series of words and combining them into a new word that is pronounced as a single term. For example, "NASA" stands for "National Aeronautics and Space Administration", and "SCUBA" stands for "Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus". Acronyms are often used for convenience, making long names or phrases easier to say and remember. They are common in technical, governmental, and organizational contexts, helping to streamline communication by simplifying complex terms.

abbreviation
名詞
a
ə
bb
b
r
r
e
i
v
v
ia
ieɪ
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(省略形(しょうりゃくけい))

(省略形(しょうりゃくけい))

略語(りゃくご)

the shortened form of a word, etc.

What is an "abbreviation"?

An abbreviation is a shortened form of a word or phrase, created by using only a few of its letters or syllables to make it quicker to write or say. Common examples include "Dr." for "Doctor" or "etc." for "et cetera". Some abbreviations are formed by taking the initial letters of a series of words, such as "NASA" for "National Aeronautics and Space Administration". Abbreviations are widely used in everyday language, writing, and specialized fields to save time or space while still conveying the full meaning of the original term.

bilingual
bilingual
名詞
b
b
i
l
l
i
ɪ
n
n
g
g
u
w
a
ə
l
l
(二言語話者)

(二言語話者)

バイリンガル

a person who can speak and understand two different languages with ease and fluency

Who is a "bilingual"?

Bilingual refers to an individual who can use and understand two languages fluently. Bilingualism can occur in various ways, such as learning both languages from an early age, known as simultaneous bilingualism, or acquiring one language after the other, called sequential bilingualism. Bilingual individuals often navigate between languages depending on the context, such as speaking one language at home and another at school or work. Being bilingual offers cognitive benefits, such as improved problem-solving skills and enhanced memory, as well as social advantages, including better communication in diverse environments and a deeper understanding of different cultures.

monolingual
名詞
uk flag
/ˌmɑnəˈɫɪŋɡwəɫ/
(一言語話者(いちげんごわしゃ))

(一言語話者(いちげんごわしゃ))

単言語話者(たんげんごわしゃ)

a person who speaks or is fluent in only one language

Who is a "monolingual"?

Monolingual refers to an individual who speaks only one language fluently. Monolingual individuals may have a limited understanding of other languages, but their primary language is the only one they use for communication in daily life. This status is common in many countries where a dominant language is spoken. Being monolingual can affect one's exposure to different cultures and perspectives, as knowledge of multiple languages often enhances cultural understanding and cognitive flexibility. While monolingual individuals may excel in their primary language, they may miss out on the benefits associated with bilingualism or multilingualism, such as improved cognitive skills and greater communication abilities.

euphemism
euphemism
名詞
eu
ju
ph
f
e
ə
m
m
i
ɪ
s
z
ə
m
m
(遠回しな言い方(とおまわしないいかた))

(遠回しな言い方(とおまわしないいかた))

婉曲表現(えんきょくひょうげん)

a word or expression that is used instead of a harsh or insulting one in order to be more tactful and polite

dysphemism
What is a "euphemism"?

A euphemism is a word or phrase used to replace a term that may be considered harsh, unpleasant, or offensive. It aims to soften the impact of the original term and make it more acceptable in conversation. For example, instead of saying "die," one might say "pass away." Euphemisms are often used in sensitive topics such as death, bodily functions, or discomforting situations. While they can help to convey a message in a gentler way, they may also obscure the truth or make communication less direct.

alliteration
名詞
a
ə
ll
l
i
ɪ
t
t
e
ɜ
r
r
a
t
ʃ
io
ə
n
n
(同音反復 (どうおんはんぷく))

(同音反復 (どうおんはんぷく))

頭韻 (とういん)

the use of the same letter or sound at the beginning of the words in a verse or sentence, used as a literary device

What is "alliteration"?

Alliteration is a literary device where the same consonant sound is repeated at the beginning of stressed syllables in closely positioned words. It often creates rhythm, emphasis, or a musical effect in writing. For example, in the phrase "whispering winds wove through the willows," the repeated "w" sound mimics the quiet, calming effect of a gentle breeze moving through trees, enhancing the overall atmosphere of tranquility in the scene. This technique is used to enhance the texture of language, making phrases more engaging and memorable.

eloquence
名詞
e
ɛ
l
l
o
ə
q
k
u
w
e
ə
n
n
c
s
e
(口才 (こうさい))

(口才 (こうさい))

雄弁 (ゆうべん)

the ability to deliver a clear and strong message

おめでとうございます! !

13 から Talking about Language 語を学びました。学習と語彙の復習を改善するために、練習を始めましょう!

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