An artery is a blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart and distributes it to various parts of the body. Arteries have thick, muscular walls that enable them to withstand the pressure generated by the pumping action of the heart. They play a crucial role in maintaining the circulation of oxygen and nutrients to tissues and organs throughout the body. Arteries branch into smaller vessels called arterioles, which further divide into capillaries, allowing for the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and surrounding tissues. Arteries are vital components of the circulatory system and are essential for overall health and proper organ function.

What is an "artery"?

artery

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An arteriole is a small branch of an artery that connects arteries to capillaries. Arterioles play a crucial role in regulating blood flow and blood pressure within the body. They have muscular walls that can constrict or dilate, allowing for precise control of blood flow to specific tissues and organs. By adjusting the diameter of the arterioles, the body can regulate the amount of blood delivered to different areas based on their needs. Arterioles also play a role in regulating systemic vascular resistance, which affects overall blood pressure. Through their interactions with capillaries, arterioles facilitate the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and tissues.

What is an "arteriole"?

arteriole

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Blood is a vital fluid in the human body that circulates through a network of blood vessels, delivering oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells while removing waste products. It consists of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma, and plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis, defending against infections, and transporting essential substances throughout the body.

What is "blood"?

blood

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A blood vessel refers to any of the tubular structures in the human body that carry blood, including arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, while veins return deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels and facilitate the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and surrounding tissues. Together, these blood vessels form a complex network that enables the circulation of blood and the delivery of essential substances to various parts of the body.

What is a "blood vessel"?

blood vessel

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A capillary is the smallest blood vessel in the human body, consisting of a single layer of endothelial cells. Capillaries connect arteries and veins, facilitating the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the bloodstream and surrounding tissues. They play a crucial role in delivering essential substances to cells and removing metabolic waste. Capillaries have a large surface area due to their small size and extensive network, ensuring efficient exchange and supporting the proper functioning of every cell in the body.

What is a "capillary"?

capillary

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A capillary artery is a small, thin-walled blood vessel that branches from larger arteries and plays a crucial role in the circulatory system. It serves as a transition between arteries and capillaries, delivering oxygenated blood and nutrients to the tissues. Capillary arteries have a narrow diameter and numerous branches, allowing for efficient diffusion of substances between the blood and surrounding cells. Through their intricate network of capillaries, capillary arteries facilitate vital processes such as gas exchange, nutrient delivery, and waste removal in the human body.

What is "capillary artery"?

capillary artery

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A venule is a small blood vessel that collects blood from capillaries and merges to form larger veins. They play a crucial role in the circulation of deoxygenated blood back to the heart, serving as a conduit for the return of blood from tissues and organs. Venules also participate in the exchange of nutrients, waste products, and immune cells between the bloodstream and surrounding tissues.

What is a "venule"?

venule

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The jugular refers to any of the three large veins in the neck, namely the internal jugular vein, external jugular vein, and anterior jugular vein. These veins are responsible for carrying deoxygenated blood from the head and face back to the heart. The jugular veins are vital for efficient blood circulation and help in the drainage of blood and waste products from the brain, face, and neck region, ensuring proper oxygenation and nutrient supply to the tissues.

What is "jugular"?

jugular

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A vein is a type of blood vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from the body's tissues back to the heart. Veins have thinner walls compared to arteries and often have valves to prevent the backward flow of blood. They play a crucial role in the circulatory system, facilitating the return of blood to the heart for oxygenation. Veins are distributed throughout the body, working in coordination with arteries to maintain proper blood flow and ensure the efficient exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the tissues and the cardiovascular system.

What is a "vein"?

vein

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Plasma is the liquid component of blood that carries various substances such as nutrients, hormones, antibodies, and waste products throughout the body. It makes up a significant portion of the blood volume and plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis by transporting essential molecules and regulating body temperature. Plasma also contains clotting factors that help control bleeding and maintain the integrity of blood vessels.

What is "plasma"?

plasma

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The aorta is the largest artery in the human body that originates from the heart's left ventricle. It carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart and distributes it to all parts of the body through its extensive network of smaller arteries. The aorta plays a crucial role in the systemic circulation, supplying vital nutrients and oxygen to organs, tissues, and cells throughout the body. It is a robust and elastic blood vessel that adapts to changes in blood flow and pressure, ensuring efficient circulation and proper functioning of the body's organ systems.

What is "aorta"?

aorta

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A red blood cell (RBC) is a type of blood cell responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body and carrying carbon dioxide back to the lungs to be exhaled. Red blood cells are the most common blood cells in the body and contain a protein called hemoglobin, which attaches to oxygen and gives blood its red color. These cells are essential for providing oxygen to tissues and organs and removing waste gases. A normal number of red blood cells is crucial for maintaining overall health and ensuring that the body’s tissues receive enough oxygen.

What is a "red blood cell"?

red blood cell

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The median cubital vein is a superficial vein located in the antecubital fossa of the arm, connecting the cephalic vein and the basilic vein. It is commonly used for venipuncture procedures, such as drawing blood or administering intravenous medications. The location and accessibility of the median cubital vein make it a preferred choice for medical procedures, as it is less prone to movement and provides a stable access point.

What is "median cubital vein"?

median cubital vein

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An ulnar artery is one of the major blood vessels in the human body. It runs along the inner side of the forearm, parallel to the ulna bone. The ulnar artery supplies oxygenated blood to the muscles and tissues of the forearm, hand, and fingers. It plays a crucial role in maintaining proper blood circulation and providing nutrients to these areas.

What is an "ulnar artery"?

ulnar artery

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The radial artery is a crucial blood vessel that runs along the thumb side of the forearm and supplies oxygenated blood to the hand and fingers. It plays a significant role in the circulatory system, providing essential nutrients and oxygen to the tissues of the upper limb. The radial artery is commonly used for taking the pulse and is also an important site for arterial blood gas sampling and certain medical procedures.

What is "radial artery"?

radial artery

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The pulmonary artery is a vital blood vessel in the human body that carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs. There are two pulmonary arteries in the human body, one pulmonary artery arises from the right ventricle of the heart and carries deoxygenated blood to the right lung, while the other pulmonary artery arises from the same location and carries deoxygenated blood to the left lung. They play a crucial role in pulmonary circulation, where they deliver blood to the lungs for oxygenation and removal of carbon dioxide. The pulmonary artery branches into smaller vessels within the lungs, facilitating the exchange of gases between the blood and the lung tissues. This oxygenation process is essential for maintaining proper oxygen levels in the body and supporting overall respiratory function.

What is "pulmonary artery"?

pulmonary artery

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The pulmonary veins are a set of four blood vessels that transport oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart. Two pulmonary veins arise from the left lung and two from the right lung. They are responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood back to the heart, where it is then pumped to the rest of the body to nourish tissues and organs. The pulmonary veins play a vital role in systemic circulation and are essential for maintaining a healthy oxygen supply throughout the body.

What is "pulmonary vein"?

pulmonary vein

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The celiac trunk, or celiac artery, is a large blood vessel originating from the abdominal aorta that branches off to provide vital oxygenated blood supply to several important organs in the upper abdomen, such as the liver, stomach, spleen, and pancreas. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the proper functioning and health of these organs by ensuring an adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients.

What is "celiac trunk"?

celiac trunk

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The hepatic vein is an important blood vessel in the human body that plays a crucial role in liver function. It carries deoxygenated blood from the liver, which has been cleansed of toxins and metabolic waste products, and returns it to the circulatory system. The hepatic vein is responsible for draining the liver and facilitating the proper circulation of blood throughout the body. Its function is essential for maintaining overall health and metabolic balance.

What is "hepatic vein"?

hepatic vein

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The renal veins are the blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from the kidneys back to the heart. In the human body, there are typically two renal veins, one for each kidney. They play a crucial role in the filtration and removal of waste products from the blood, helping maintain the body's fluid and electrolyte balance. The renal veins are essential for the proper functioning of the kidneys and overall circulatory system.

What is "renal vein"?

renal vein

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The renal artery refers to the blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the kidneys. In the human body, there are typically two renal arteries, one for each kidney. They supply the kidneys with the necessary nutrients and oxygen for their proper functioning, allowing them to filter waste products and regulate fluid and electrolyte balance. The renal arteries play a vital role in maintaining overall kidney health and supporting the body's physiological processes.

What is "renal artery"?

renal artery

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The gonadal vein refers to a pair of veins, one on each side of the body, that are responsible for draining deoxygenated blood from the gonads, which include the testes in males and the ovaries in females. These veins travel alongside the corresponding arteries, known as the testicular artery or ovarian artery, and eventually join the inferior vena cava. The gonadal veins are essential for maintaining proper blood flow and oxygenation in the reproductive system.

What is "gonadal vein"?

gonadal vein

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The gonadal artery is a blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the gonads (testes in males or ovaries in females). It arises from the abdominal aorta and branches off to reach the respective gonad on each side of the body. The gonadal artery plays a crucial role in delivering essential nutrients and oxygen to the gonads, supporting their proper function and reproductive processes.

What is "gonadal artery"?

gonadal artery

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The common iliac artery is a major blood vessel that originates from the abdominal aorta and branches into the left and right common iliac arteries. It carries oxygenated blood to the pelvis and lower limbs. The common iliac artery provides a vital blood supply to the organs, muscles, and tissues of the pelvis and lower extremities, ensuring proper circulation and nourishment.

What is "common iliac artery"?

common iliac artery

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The common iliac vein is an important vessel that plays a crucial role in the circulatory system of the human body. It is responsible for draining deoxygenated blood from the lower limbs, pelvis, and abdominal organs. After receiving blood from the internal and external iliac veins, it continues its journey by joining the corresponding vein from the opposite side to form the inferior vena cava, which then transports the blood back to the heart for oxygenation.

What is "common iliac vein?

common iliac vein

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The external iliac artery is one of the main arteries in the human body, responsible for delivering oxygenated blood to the lower extremities. It originates from the common iliac artery and continues down the pelvis before transitioning into the femoral artery at the inguinal ligament. Along its course, the external iliac artery gives off branches that supply blood to various structures, including the pelvic organs and muscles of the lower abdomen. Its proper functioning is essential for maintaining healthy blood circulation and supporting normal leg function.

What is "external iliac artery"?

external iliac artery

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The external iliac vein is a paired blood vessel that forms part of the venous system in the human body. It originates in the groin region and travels upward along the outer side of the pelvic bones, receiving blood from the lower limbs and pelvic organs. The external iliac veins eventually join with the internal iliac veins to form the common iliac veins. There are two external iliac veins, one on each side of the body, ensuring efficient blood drainage from both lower limbs.

What is "external iliac vein"?

external iliac vein

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The internal iliac artery, also known as the hypogastric artery, is a crucial blood vessel in the human body that supplies oxygenated blood to the pelvic region, including the pelvic organs, gluteal muscles, and the medial thigh. It plays a vital role in nourishing and maintaining the proper functioning of reproductive organs, bladder, rectum, and various muscles in the pelvic area. The internal iliac artery branches out extensively, forming a complex network of blood vessels that contribute to the intricate circulatory system within the pelvis.

What is "internal iliac artery"?

internal iliac artery

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The internal iliac vein is part of the venous system in the human body and serves as a major pathway for returning deoxygenated blood from the pelvis and its surrounding structures back to the heart. It receives blood from various veins within the pelvis, including the pelvic organs, muscles, and bones. The internal iliac vein plays a vital role in maintaining proper blood circulation and drainage in the lower abdominal and pelvic regions.

What is "internal iliac vein"?

internal iliac vein

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The basilar artery is a vital blood vessel within the human body that plays a crucial role in supplying oxygenated blood to the brainstem and posterior regions of the brain. It is formed by the merging of the vertebral arteries at the base of the skull, and it travels along the midline of the brainstem. The basilar artery branches out into smaller vessels, delivering oxygen and nutrients to the structures responsible for vital functions such as consciousness, balance, coordination, and sensory perception. Any disruption or blockage in the basilar artery's blood flow can have severe consequences, including strokes and neurological impairments.

What is "basilar artery"?

basilar artery

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The internal carotid artery, one of the major blood vessels in the neck, supplies oxygen-rich blood to the brain, specifically the anterior and middle regions. It plays a critical role in maintaining brain function and is responsible for supplying nutrients and removing waste products. The internal carotid artery is part of the carotid system, which also includes the external carotid artery.

What is "internal carotid artery"?

internal carotid artery

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The external carotid artery is a major blood vessel in the neck that supplies oxygenated blood to the structures outside the skull, including the face, scalp, and neck muscles. It branches out into various smaller arteries, providing nourishment to different regions and facilitating proper blood circulation in the head and neck.

What is "external carotid artery"?

external carotid artery

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The external jugular vein is a prominent superficial vein in the neck that receives blood from the scalp and face. It travels down the neck, parallel to the sternocleidomastoid muscle, and eventually drains into the subclavian vein. It plays a crucial role in draining deoxygenated blood and waste products from the head and neck region, contributing to the overall circulation and venous return of the body.

What is "external jugular vein"?

external jugular vein

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The internal jugular vein is a large vein located in the neck that drains deoxygenated blood from the brain, face, and neck. It runs alongside the internal carotid artery and plays a vital role in returning blood to the heart. The internal jugular vein is an important route for the delivery of oxygen-poor blood from the head and neck, ultimately contributing to the overall circulatory function of the body.

What is "internal jugular vein"?

internal jugular vein

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The vertebral artery is a major blood vessel that plays a crucial role in supplying oxygenated blood to the brain and spinal cord. It arises from the subclavian artery in the chest and ascends through the vertebrae of the neck, eventually entering the skull to join with its counterpart and form the basilar artery. The vertebral artery supplies vital nutrients and oxygen to the posterior regions of the brain, contributing to various functions such as balance, coordination, and sensory processing. It is a critical component of the circulatory system, ensuring the proper functioning of the central nervous system.

What is "vertebral artery"?

vertebral artery

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The common carotid artery is a major blood vessel responsible for delivering oxygenated blood to the head and neck regions. It arises from the aorta in the chest and bifurcates into the internal and external carotid arteries near the level of the thyroid cartilage. The internal carotid artery supplies blood to the brain, while the external carotid artery provides blood to the face, scalp, and neck structures. The common carotid artery plays a vital role in maintaining adequate blood flow and oxygenation to these critical areas, supporting various functions such as cognition, sensory perception, and facial expression.

What is "common carotid artery"?

common carotid artery

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The subclavian artery is a large blood vessel that originates from the aorta and supplies oxygenated blood to the upper limbs, neck, and chest wall. It branches out into various arteries, including the vertebral artery, which supplies blood to the brain, and the axillary artery, which provides blood to the shoulder and arm. The subclavian artery is essential for maintaining proper blood flow and nourishment to the upper body structures.

What is "subclavian artery"?

subclavian artery

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The subclavian vein is a major blood vessel located in the upper body that plays a crucial role in the circulation of deoxygenated blood. It begins at the outer edge of the collarbone and extends toward the heart, merging with other veins to form the superior vena cava. The subclavian vein receives blood from the arms, shoulders, and chest, and serves as a conduit for the return of deoxygenated blood back to the heart for oxygenation. It is an essential component of the circulatory system, aiding in the efficient transport of blood and maintaining the overall function of the body.

What is "subclavian vein"?

subclavian vein

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The cephalic vein is a prominent blood vessel located in the upper extremities of the human body. It runs along the outer side of the arm, originating from the hand and forearm, and ascends towards the shoulder region. The cephalic vein is responsible for draining blood from the superficial structures of the upper limb, including the hand, forearm, and lateral aspects of the arm. It plays a crucial role in venous circulation, carrying deoxygenated blood back to the heart. The cephalic vein is commonly used for venous access during medical procedures such as blood draws, intravenous therapy, and certain surgical interventions. Its visibility and accessibility make it a valuable vein for medical interventions and diagnostic purposes.

What is "cephalic vein"?

cephalic vein

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The axillary artery is a crucial blood vessel that runs through the armpit region and supplies blood to the upper limb. It originates from the subclavian artery and continues down the arm as the brachial artery. The axillary artery gives rise to several branches that provide oxygenated blood to various structures, including the shoulder joint, muscles, and skin of the upper arm. Its role in delivering vital nutrients and oxygen makes it essential for the proper functioning of the upper extremity.

What is "axillary artery"?

axillary artery

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The axillary vein is a crucial vessel that runs parallel to the axillary artery in the armpit region. It collects deoxygenated blood from various veins in the upper limb, including the brachial vein, basilic vein, and cephalic vein, and transports it back to the heart. The axillary vein plays a significant role in the venous circulation and is an important access point for medical procedures such as blood draws and intravenous therapies.

What is "axillary vein"?

axillary vein

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Here you will learn some English words related to the circulatory system, such as "vein", "capillary", and "aorta".

「循環器系」の英語表現