医療の形態

Drops are a form of medication given in liquid form, typically using a dropper, which is a small tool used to release the liquid in precise amounts. They are commonly used for eyes, ears, or nose to treat various conditions such as infections, allergies, or dryness. Eye drops might soothe irritation or treat infections, ear drops can help with ear infections or wax buildup, and nose drops are often used to relieve nasal blockage.

Sublingual administration is a method of giving or taking medication by placing it under the tongue, where it dissolves and is absorbed directly into the bloodstream through the tissues. This method allows for quick absorption and quick start of the medication's effects, avoiding the digestive system. Sublingual administration is commonly used for medications like certain pain relievers, anti-nausea drugs, and some vitamins.

A chewable tablet is a type of medication that is designed to be chewed rather than swallowed whole. It is made to be easily broken down by chewing, allowing the medication to be absorbed through the lining of the mouth and throat before reaching the stomach. Chewable tablets are often used for medications such as vitamins, antacids, and certain over-the-counter medications for children or adults who have difficulty swallowing pills.

Serum is the clear, yellowish fluid that remains after blood has clotted and the clot has been removed. It contains water, electrolytes, antibodies, and various proteins essential for bodily functions, such as albumin and globulin. This fluid is important for transporting nutrients and hormones throughout the body and has a crucial role in immune response, helping to defend against infections and other foreign substances. In clinical settings, serum can be analyzed to evaluate levels of various substances such as electrolytes, hormones, enzymes, and antibodies. This information helps healthcare providers diagnose and monitor conditions such as kidney function, hormone imbalances, and autoimmune diseases. Researchers also use serum in studies to understand how diseases work, develop new tests for diagnosing illnesses, and evaluate the effectiveness of treatments.

An orally disintegrating tablet is a type of medication that dissolves quickly in the mouth without the need for water. It is designed to dissolve quickly when it contacts saliva, allowing the medication to be swallowed easily. Orally disintegrating tablets are often used for medications such as antihistamines, pain relievers, and medications for conditions like nausea or seizures. They are convenient for individuals who have difficulty swallowing pills or prefer not to take medication with water.

An effervescent tablet is a type of medication that dissolves quickly in water to create a fizzy or bubbly drink. These tablets typically contain medications or vitamins and are designed to be dissolved in a glass of water before drinking. Effervescent tablets are often used for medications like pain relievers, vitamin supplements, or cold and flu remedies. They provide a convenient way to take medication, especially for people who have difficulty swallowing pills or prefer a liquid form of medication.

A spansule is a type of medication that is formulated to release its effects gradually over an extended period of time. It is designed to keep a steady level of medication in the body over several hours or throughout the day. Spansules are commonly used for medications like certain antidepressants, ADHD medications, pain relievers, and medications for managing conditions like diabetes.

A draft is a precisely measured quantity of liquid medication prescribed to be taken orally. It is the amount of medication that is intended to be taken in one dose, usually measured using a marked device such as a syringe or measuring cup. Drafts are commonly used for liquid medications like syrups, solutions, or suspensions, ensuring accurate dosing according to the prescribed instructions. They are frequently prescribed for antibiotics, liquid pain relievers, pediatric formulations, cough syrups, and medications for conditions like hypertension or diabetes that require accurate dosing adjustments.

A scored tablet is a type of medication that has a mark on its surface, allowing it to be easily divided into smaller, equal parts. This feature makes it possible for patients to adjust their dosage as prescribed by their healthcare provider. Scored tablets are commonly used for medications that require flexible dosing, such as certain pain relievers, antihistamines, and medications for cardiovascular conditions.

A placebo is a substance or treatment that resembles a real medical treatment but does not contain any active ingredients. It is often used in medical research and clinical trials to compare against the effects of actual medications or treatments. Placebos are designed to have no therapeutic effect on the patient, allowing researchers to evaluate the true effectiveness of the active treatment being studied. They are typically used in a way that ensures the patient is unaware of whether they are receiving the placebo or the actual treatment, to make sure that the study results are fair and not influenced by expectations or assumptions.