detectable

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZGV0ZWN0YWJsZQ&hash=26d489df1dd0e1f6dd0737c77e557d0f7b42a618&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

empirical

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZW1waXJpY2Fs&hash=3feafd1e19288e2cafef53ca63ad8c9d97cd6258&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

experimental

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZXhwZXJpbWVudGFs&hash=ad3243fda646db357b96429e6db105068bb18a0b&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

preliminary

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cHJlbGltaW5hcnk&hash=05a4bf16dc43f7877a8877b8143911b01e4f2383&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

qualitative

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cXVhbGl0YXRpdmU&hash=2bd77d92eaf8198a214bbcc0f03d3d44319d8666&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

quantitative

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cXVhbnRpdGF0aXZl&hash=5d124f3008c35103ea587bbc756fb9846a2ca8da&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

scholarly

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c2Nob2xhcmx5&hash=96bcc0eae9d2985692a4551b3380f70d031161a8&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

theoretical

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dGhlb3JldGljYWw&hash=cfe89450ccdd2a743f1608ac23963cb1738989fd&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to correlate

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gY29ycmVsYXRl&hash=5ffb91a4fe35dfb4a9587434c008243fa8f76a26&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to disprove

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gZGlzcHJvdmU&hash=5bf07c9d8492d1bf7905d01a0a51dd1769093712&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to self-report

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gc2VsZi1yZXBvcnQ&hash=de054149d93a84ea1a5a994b84ef5d83aa18ee98&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to verify

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gdmVyaWZ5&hash=fe035f1e7f16054ea69c54c6245c0441d90b78ed&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

apparatus

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YXBwYXJhdHVz&hash=ea272903c3189a10180809f1c194d0d8c5b54c3f&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

carbon dating

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Y2FyYm9uIGRhdGluZw&hash=0ab85b401ef71f70261a9b75fa4687e90ee37c0f&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

A clinical trial is a research study performed to test new medical treatments, drugs, or procedures on people. The goal is to determine if these new methods are safe and effective. Participants in clinical trials receive the treatment that is being tested and are closely monitored for any effects. Trials are performed in phases, with each phase designed to answer specific questions about the treatment’s safety, dosage, and effectiveness before it becomes widely available.

What is a "clinical trial"?

clinical trial

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Y2xpbmljYWwgdHJpYWw&hash=57b36afeb0ff977e7b13d7cdf638b75ba14561ff&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

control

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Y29udHJvbA&hash=2869c91784ceecc58ac070d295abce2691bcd1b0&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

The idiom "guinea pig" has its origins in the early 17th century when guinea pigs were first introduced to Europe. These small rodents are not native to Guinea but were imported to Europe via Guinea, a region in West Africa. The exact reason for the association with Guinea remains unclear, but it is believed that European traders may have used the term "Guinea" to refer to any distant or exotic place. Guinea pigs were considered exotic animals when they were first brought to Europe, and the name likely reflects their foreign origin. In modern English, "guinea pig" is used metaphorically to refer to a person or creature used in experiments, tests, or trials to gather information or conduct research, often at some risk to their well-being.

What is the origin of the idiom "guinea pig" and when to use it?

guinea pig

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Z3VpbmVhIHBpZw&hash=36b7c2412fa3b7d217e2a943183c44871d248849&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

pseudoscience

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cHNldWRvc2NpZW5jZQ&hash=1e4e2c7fd059bbe8d55e77045b5cd52201191905&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

subject

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c3ViamVjdA&hash=6024e7008432dd6110700b0c93975b881829f23f&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

A treatise is a formal and detailed written work that explores a specific subject or topic in depth. It is typically scholarly in nature and provides a thorough examination, analysis, and explanation of the subject matter. A treatise is often structured logically, with clear arguments and evidence supporting the author's conclusions. It is usually longer than an article or essay and is intended to contribute to the academic or intellectual understanding of the subject. Treatises are commonly found in fields such as philosophy, law, science, or history.

What is a "treatise"?

treatise

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dHJlYXRpc2U&hash=c3282099ed3912697c8e3fad8d437a1098d7d470&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

abstract

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YWJzdHJhY3Q&hash=fe9c6a9de1fe88bc5dc423e1deb68e7c5b2a5fd7&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

thesis

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dGhlc2lz&hash=7a7a6be5745eab2fb73abc90b62db7b340eb6441&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

literature

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=bGl0ZXJhdHVyZQ&hash=32cdfa3650acbc75ebcbe7a8988fe558d2431248&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

citation

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Y2l0YXRpb24&hash=4cd9a45d92334d3016f8b3cecc0e1ea23dadf7ec&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

limitation

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=bGltaXRhdGlvbg&hash=1a9a5b4374b13b3ce3f41dfab0f353bee94ddc51&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

methodology

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=bWV0aG9kb2xvZ3k&hash=c09068e588ffa96188e85214379e649c6bf52185&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

randomization

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cmFuZG9taXphdGlvbg&hash=87fc084a9b5792205f618d10cdb2f7f5053f606b&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

parameter

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cGFyYW1ldGVy&hash=31ebac874e6d5f7394e1a6d7ef17edcc991c2064&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

peer review

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cGVlciByZXZpZXc&hash=b0c7e5958667adc46fcdb0de4f7b227af20a77ff&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

dissemination

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZGlzc2VtaW5hdGlvbg&hash=3d2a2839c40d7cfb1b676aa1334a23ef7662ba5a&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

Here you will learn some English words about scholarly research, such as "empirical", "correlate", "qualitative", etc. prepared for C1 learners.

"学術研究"のための英語の単語 | C1語彙