Dialog i dyskurs

To invoke

[ Czasownik ]

/ɪn.voʊk/ or /in.voook/

i

ɪ

n

n

v

v

o

oʊ

k

k

e

(invokować)

przywołać

to mention someone or something of prominence as a support or reason for an argument or action

To plead

[ Czasownik ]

/plid/ or /plid/

p

p

l

l

ea

i

d

d

(apelować)

wnioskować

to state something as an excuse

To point

[ Czasownik ]

/pɔɪnt/ or /pawint/

p

p

oi

ɔɪ

n

n

t

t

(sugestować)

wskazywać

to suggest that something is probable or certain

To provoke

[ Czasownik ]

/prə.voʊk/ or /prē.voook/

p

p

r

r

o

ə

v

v

o

oʊ

k

k

e

(irytować)

prowokować

to intentionally annoy someone so that they become angry

To signpost

[ Czasownik ]

/saɪn.poʊst/ or /sain.pooost/

s

s

i

aɪ

g

n

n

p

p

o

oʊ

s

s

t

t

(znakować)

oznakować

to mark a place such as a road, etc. with a signpost

To yap

[ Czasownik ]

/jæp/ or /yāp/

y

j

a

æ

p

p

(paplać)

gadać

to talk excessively or continuously, often in a way that is annoying to others

Ideological

[ przymiotnik ]

/aɪ.diə.lɑ.ʤɪ.kəl/ or /ai.diē.laa.ji.kēl/

i

aɪ

d

d

eo

iə

l

l

o

ɑ

g

ʤ

i

ɪ

c

k

a

ə

l

l

(ideowy)

ideologiczny

based on or relating to a specific set of political or economic views or policies

Inclined

[ przymiotnik ]

/ɪnk.laɪnd/ or /ink.laind/

i

ɪ

n

n

c

k

l

l

i

aɪ

n

n

e

d

d

(tendujący)

skłonny

giving an opinion in a way that is not strong

Inflexible

[ przymiotnik ]

/ɪn.flɛk.sə.bəl/ or /in.flek.sē.bēl/

i

ɪ

n

n

f

f

l

l

e

ɛ

x

ks

i

ə

b

b

ə

l

l

e

(sztywny)

niewzruszny

(of a rule, opinion, etc.) fixed and not easily changed

Mistaken

[ przymiotnik ]

/mɪs.teɪ.kən/ or /mis.tei.kēn/

m

m

i

ɪ

s

s

t

t

a

eɪ

k

k

e

ə

n

n

(błędny)

omylny

(of a person) wrong in one's judgment, opinion, or belief

Moderate

[ przymiotnik ]

/mɑ.dɜ.reɪt/ or /maa.dē.reit/

m

m

o

ɑ

d

d

e

ɜ

r

r

a

eɪ

t

t

e

(moderacyjny)

umiarkowany

(of a person or ideology) not extreme or radical and considered reasonable by a majority of people

Unstated

[ przymiotnik ]

/ʌn.steɪ.tɪd/ or /an.stei.tid/

u

ə

n

n

s

s

t

t

a

eɪ

t

t

e

ɪ

d

d

(niejawny)

niesprecyzowany

not clearly said or explained

Vocal

[ przymiotnik ]

/voʊ.kəl/ or /vooo.kēl/

v

v

o

oʊ

c

k

a

ə

l

l

(wylewny)

głośny

giving opinions loudly or freely

Given that

[ Spójnik ]

/ɡˈɪvən ðˈæt/

(ze względu na to)

biorąc pod uwagę

used to express that one is considering a particular fact before sharing one's opinion or making a judgment

No kidding

[ wykrzyknik ]

/nˈoʊ kˈɪdɪŋ/

(Serio)

Nie żartuję

used to highlight the sincerity or truthfulness of a statement

Honest to God

[ przymiotnik ]

/ˈɑːnɪsttəɡˈɑːd/

(Szczerze mówiąc)

Szefie Boga

used to emphasize the fact that one is telling the truth

Having said that

[ Fraza ]

/hˌævɪŋ sˈɛd ðˈæt/

N/A

used to introduce an opposing statement after making a point

If anything

[ Fraza ]

/ɪf ˈɛnɪθˌɪŋ/

N/A

Idiom

Informal

used to suggest that the opposite of what has been stated may be closer to the truth

At all

[ przysłówek ]

/æt ˈɔːl/

N/A

to the smallest amount or degree

That said

[ Fraza ]

/ðæt sˈɛd/

N/A

used to introduce statement that is in contrast to what one previously stated

Beyond doubt

[ Fraza ]

/bɪjˌɑːnd dˈaʊt/

N/A

in a way that is absolutely certain and cannot be questioned

Hostility

[ Rzeczownik ]

/hɑs.tɪ.lə.ti/ or /haas.ti.lē.ti/

h

h

o

ɑ

s

s

t

t

i

ɪ

l

l

i

ə

t

t

y

i

(nieprzyjaźń)

wrogość

behavior or feelings that are aggressive or unfriendly

Mainstream

[ Rzeczownik ]

/meɪn.strim/ or /mein.strim/

m

m

ai

eɪ

n

n

s

s

t

t

r

r

ea

i

m

m

(główny nurt)

mainstream

the opinions, activities, or methods that are considered normal because they are accepted by a majority of people

Objectivity

[ Rzeczownik ]

/ɑb.ʤɛk.tɪ.vɪ.ti/ or /aab.jek.ti.vi.ti/

o

ɑ

b

b

j

ʤ

e

ɛ

c

k

t

t

i

ɪ

v

v

i

ɪ

t

t

y

i

(bezstronność)

obiektywność

the state of being affected by facts and statistics instead of personal opinions and feelings

Subjectivity

[ Rzeczownik ]

/səb.ʤɛk.tɪ.vɪ.ti/ or /sēb.jek.ti.vi.ti/

s

s

u

ə

b

b

j

ʤ

e

ɛ

c

k

t

t

i

ɪ

v

v

i

ɪ

t

t

y

i

(subiektywizm)

subiektywność

the state of being affected by personal opinions and feelings instead of facts and statistics

Premise

[ Rzeczownik ]

/prɛ.mɪs/ or /pre.mis/

p

p

r

r

e

ɛ

m

m

i

ɪ

s

s

e

(premisa)

założenie

a theory or statement that acts as the foundation of an argument

Reasoning

[ Rzeczownik ]

/ri.zə.nɪng/ or /ri.zē.ning/

r

r

ea

i

s

z

o

ə

n

n

i

ɪ

n

n

g

g

(argumentacja)

rozumowanie

the act of rational and logical thinking about something

Say

[ Rzeczownik ]

/seɪ/ or /sei/

s

s

a

e

y

ɪ

(prawo do wypowiedzi)

głos

the right or chance to give an opinion about something

To have second thoughts

[ Fraza ]

/hæv sˈɛkənd θˈɔːts/

N/A

Idiom

to start doubting a decision and begin to wonder whether it is the right or best thing to do

Voice

[ Rzeczownik ]

/vɔɪs/ or /vawis/

v

v

oi

ɔɪ

c

s

e

(prawo do wypowiedzi)

głos

the right to give an opinion on something

Solidarity

[ Rzeczownik ]

/sɑ.lə.dɛ.rə.ti/ or /saa.lē.de.rē.ti/

s

s

o

ɑ

l

l

i

ə

d

d

a

ɛ

r

r

i

ə

t

t

y

i

(wsparcie)

solidarność

the support given by the members of a group to each other because of sharing the same opinions, feelings, goals, etc.