scene

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c2NlbmU&hash=e58e78be86eba69141fe47bc7eb4637d8bd32b53&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

case

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Y2FzZQ&hash=4e267d78c4b4055c5895294050c211571a7e4f6b&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

extract

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZXh0cmFjdA&hash=4416c93600d00fb8c8c2d29326076cea02cbbae3&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

friendly

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZnJpZW5kbHk&hash=e27a1d0d9ae3fb8df90aa6d246a145ff825607f7&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

Literacy is the ability to read, write, and understand information effectively. It involves not only recognizing and forming words but also comprehending their meaning and using them to communicate clearly. Literacy is essential for learning, working, and participating in everyday activities, such as reading books, writing letters, or understanding signs and instructions. It plays a key role in personal and social development, helping individuals gain knowledge, express ideas, and engage with the world around them.

What is "literacy"?

literacy

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=bGl0ZXJhY3k&hash=02fb6d103704d34fc8e2a4854d7698b17248c8ae&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

demand

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZGVtYW5k&hash=38940539410bb0a6a4e1b32488624c9644844434&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to identify

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gaWRlbnRpZnk&hash=81a4005a47e76d8a43b5be7ddefe1a02856201ec&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

tentative

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dGVudGF0aXZl&hash=356b705a370716fc130272104903a4e9f09b092a&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

A plot is the sequence of events and actions that make up the main storyline of a book, film, play, or other narrative work. It outlines the key events and conflicts that drive the story forward and includes the development of characters and their interactions. The plot typically involves an introduction, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution, which together create a coherent and engaging narrative.

What is a "plot"?

plot

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cGxvdA&hash=eb40dc5d53e887287f0ec2a1e787abc9734a67a3&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

Character development is the process of creating and evolving a character’s personality, traits, and growth throughout a story. It involves showing how a character changes in response to experiences, challenges, and interactions with others. This development can include shifts in beliefs, behaviors, or relationships, helping to make the character more complex and relatable. Effective character development adds depth to the narrative and allows the audience to connect with and understand the characters on a deeper level.

What is "character development"?

character development

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Y2hhcmFjdGVyIGRldmVsb3BtZW50&hash=1bac5f45e794e75bfaf8c8eb4df9f9135ae109d2&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

statement

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c3RhdGVtZW50&hash=55a498fb76c999d9359fa60bce54d6c5a5013527&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

textual

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dGV4dHVhbA&hash=0faa7cef7d019cb9b39bec4ef67a9f90b95ed249&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to wonder

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gd29uZGVy&hash=37505e804f3197d0615600240bfdaec825948995&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to advocate

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gYWR2b2NhdGU&hash=607602c34362d6e1c3917a01091fc059ac63481c&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

moderation

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=bW9kZXJhdGlvbg&hash=6ee82928165bbb6fab82e8b153dba93b58a521dd&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

passionate

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cGFzc2lvbmF0ZQ&hash=f1a71d641d19d9407334190ed112a42f0e5176a8&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

engagement

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZW5nYWdlbWVudA&hash=dbf5d41b52a02673fbc7d841bc498a6b6e9f87d8&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Z2Fw&hash=ea81afab22bf44b7b92afc953c9b1ea652ee1031&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

virtue

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dmlydHVl&hash=b6141cefd3b26b77703b9365402499b10bff3e79&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

attainment

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YXR0YWlubWVudA&hash=381417bef2076e8babd2fb4aed99edb89a9c2835&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

macro

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=bWFjcm8&hash=3db620be23dd2708ae761bca85672fbe1b1d7ef6&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

establishment

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZXN0YWJsaXNobWVudA&hash=50c3a7762f1cd1f6273835b7fe35f276a6376073&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

academically

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YWNhZGVtaWNhbGx5&hash=2b296ec19ffbe29d3504cff74ffa38d7befa7ba6&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

selective

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c2VsZWN0aXZl&hash=884489468f3e1d7ccc1c79b0bdbe18e0f5ce589f&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

bright

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YnJpZ2h0&hash=9cf205b0f6280008f9445816f7560c76f3cf5702&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

A comprehensive school is a type of secondary school that offers a broad range of subjects and education to all students, regardless of their academic abilities or backgrounds. The aim is to provide equal opportunities for all students by not selecting them based on academic performance. Comprehensive schools often provide both academic and vocational programs, allowing students to pursue a variety of interests and career paths. They are common in many countries, particularly in the UK, and offer a more inclusive approach to education compared to selective schools.

What is a "comprehensive school"?

comprehensive school

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Y29tcHJlaGVuc2l2ZSBzY2hvb2w&hash=89c05a97e4e716c1f67f395c32e220cbc2013937&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

A stream refers to a group of students who are placed together in the same class or classes, often based on their academic ability or the subjects they have chosen to study. Students in the same stream typically follow a similar learning path, with the curriculum tailored to their academic level or specific interests. This division allows schools to provide more targeted instruction, ensuring that students receive lessons suited to their strengths and areas of focus, such as science, arts, or humanities.

What is a "stream"?

stream

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c3RyZWFt&hash=7ba921554a6b769e45cfb3d0603b2fae96096a4b&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

intuitively

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=aW50dWl0aXZlbHk&hash=bafaca45a789fd1d7ea525f43158bcdedc66754d&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

appealing

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YXBwZWFsaW5n&hash=4d4f37d4ad142384afacab20d6990b701b0d4a0e&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

stakeholder

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c3Rha2Vob2xkZXI&hash=53fb193dc03a2f7c231d3a42a41a976363ff2023&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

analogy

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YW5hbG9neQ&hash=c3aa5fd8097351bab6acdf07721f9fe5a1ed021b&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to take the lead

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gdGFrZSB0aGUgbGVhZA&hash=10c978b8535dbbce1b29102fdb2a3e0d792c87f5&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

brisk

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YnJpc2s&hash=a3a1e1310b64f2415d0967083a7991da2befcc29&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

pace

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cGFjZQ&hash=b4d7059fb41de9e824f0dc0aafd77aa20e2585a0&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

enthusiasm

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZW50aHVzaWFzbQ&hash=fbf1663f2413b998e326163fc1f309b1da97f55a&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to wane

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gd2FuZQ&hash=2921b953fe3b5db441fa25237759282204235a6b&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

meanwhile

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=bWVhbndoaWxl&hash=60d65d8c9d06e4ad602d5226e2448605015f9d7b&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

embarrassed

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZW1iYXJyYXNzZWQ&hash=979e841427ee73279efad083922ccb9f8835fccc&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to struggle

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gc3RydWdnbGU&hash=14cf4f7176fe80f541790bc49dd3d4afa4e840b9&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to keep up

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8ga2VlcCB1cA&hash=5098e6e4a8cbcd4379a3fe7081fbd145fe8c4a46&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to bore

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gYm9yZQ&hash=0976e15ddd75d283bba36aacfcec964ff758c5e8&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to frustrate

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gZnJ1c3RyYXRl&hash=1dea71b9648b2c2fa54387e6b994b3dcfaa62114&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to burn out

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gYnVybiBvdXQ&hash=ed080c81e6633c866ee5dc960c3a000f9a23a78d&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to summit

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gc3VtbWl0&hash=b0db008ebf2f958053bd775eeb3837bc3c72b392&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

straggler

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c3RyYWdnbGVy&hash=3e6a1d0c0cbde109b7b04961ee3b278329f5e215&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

stroll

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c3Ryb2xs&hash=530ac845b2fd0956e0735e37899e7e64c763b9a2&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to suffer

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gc3VmZmVy&hash=7c085bd3de99bf29718fb4e47b8333a5887bbd66&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

collective

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Y29sbGVjdGl2ZQ&hash=4f402e09be44bb6993a982f5779b38684b7f624c&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

mediocrity

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=bWVkaW9jcml0eQ&hash=5c48f950e2014ed33a2973d7e115d6e63b525219&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to prevail

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gcHJldmFpbA&hash=500b7509b732dc2ab0fadaa0c23236a7e3ba7c92&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

pedagogical

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cGVkYWdvZ2ljYWw&hash=daa13d143552d65752d92605dc100173ef4e520d&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

paradigm

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cGFyYWRpZ20&hash=0cf8f9e1af6603a80fa93a663a9b5126c179db65&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

arguably

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YXJndWFibHk&hash=295bc6a3745cc017563f0ff97e7a7907beeeb158&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

Constructivism is a theory that emphasizes active learning, where individuals build their own understanding through experiences and interactions with the environment. It stresses the importance of problem-solving, critical thinking, and collaboration, with the idea that learners are not passive recipients of information but actively construct knowledge based on their experiences, previous knowledge, and social interactions.

What is "constructivism"?

constructivism

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=Y29uc3RydWN0aXZpc20&hash=2651813c41b976c25d9bbce79be8e0ab1baa9c3a&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to emerge

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gZW1lcmdl&hash=3e380eff8aee94e3add96205b27810d8032f5a90&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to emphasize

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gZW1waGFzaXpl&hash=a2cccad99b3f01b5fa2ce5b4077b86388368b798&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

zone

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=em9uZQ&hash=6eaf926b764c5845b772b7941248354618aab5b9&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

proximal

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cHJveGltYWw&hash=ca61170205b5d871802a2fdcb82a04cf84dddd09&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

development

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZGV2ZWxvcG1lbnQ&hash=8518c19ac909ca6f909de50ddc8d489f848383f6&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to achieve

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gYWNoaWV2ZQ&hash=7de744ba2095e7499b48683ae33be1d659162590&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

independently

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=aW5kZXBlbmRlbnRseQ&hash=80bacad77db09a2171a574374758b41ddbf590f1&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

Scaffolding is a temporary structure used in construction and maintenance to support workers and materials while performing tasks at heights. It typically consists of platforms made from metal or wooden boards supported by a framework of poles and braces. Scaffolding provides a safe and stable working environment, allowing workers to access elevated areas, such as building facades or rooftops, more easily. It is commonly used for tasks like painting, repairing, or constructing buildings. The design and installation of scaffolding must adhere to safety standards to ensure the protection of workers and prevent accidents on the job site.

What is "scaffolding"?

scaffolding

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c2NhZmZvbGRpbmc&hash=0ff852e89394fb8cfd1bd1092e62e2ce642d2065&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

autonomous

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YXV0b25vbW91cw&hash=d3c733bd0496c178009e8551c12198a96988c062&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to follow

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gZm9sbG93&hash=e6dfc5c95afbe63340fda78345ab02801c8a29a1&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

efficient

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=ZWZmaWNpZW50&hash=a70908c654bd88051c5d54e0579e8a7cbd7e69eb&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

regardless of

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=cmVnYXJkbGVzcyBvZg&hash=a70dafcbf3bb914bf48031c7cde9083858f350e7&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

aptitude

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=YXB0aXR1ZGU&hash=c312b37a25895ffe584a4e19c0c89342f09cf836&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

madness

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=bWFkbmVzcw&hash=e8d622ba6c21000c3cdb1ad9c34c6342350c0b2d&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

mixed-ability

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=bWl4ZWQtYWJpbGl0eQ&hash=e682da8997950ab7bf833e74daa44b19c7d4bc9f&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

streaming

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=c3RyZWFtaW5n&hash=309bf7a47d669b583cddcbb0a4a8eaf2d3de818c&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

tracking

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dHJhY2tpbmc&hash=2b8a605bce938775116b7e16ef3e62c9d2311598&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

to diagnose

https://tts.langeek.co/read?text=dG8gZGlhZ25vc2U&hash=9970e394da6367dc9c39b9b0256db1fc7a9139de&lang=en&cache-only=0&driver=googletts

Here you can find the vocabulary from Test 3 - Reading - Passage 3 (1) in the Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic coursebook, to help you prepare for your IELTS exam.

Cambridge IELTS 18 - Akademicki "Test 3 - Czytanie - Passage 3 (1)" Słownictwo