food

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Nutrition is the science that focuses on the study of food and its impact on health. It involves understanding how the nutrients in food support the body, encourage growth and development, and maintain overall well-being. Nutritionists, experts in this field, provide guidance on healthy eating habits, personalized dietary plans, and strategies for managing various health conditions through nutrition. They emphasize the importance of balanced diets containing essential nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Nutrition plays a crucial role in promoting good health, preventing diseases, and supporting the body's natural functions.

What is "nutrition"?

nutrition

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additive

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A calorie is a unit of measurement that indicates the amount of energy provided by food and beverages. When food is consumed, the body converts the calories into energy to fuel various physiological processes, such as breathing, circulation, and physical activity. The number of calories in a food item depends on its macronutrient composition: carbohydrates and proteins provide approximately 4 calories per gram, while fats provide about 9 calories per gram. Monitoring calorie intake is important for maintaining a healthy weight, as consuming more calories than the body uses can lead to weight gain, while consuming fewer can result in weight loss.

What is a "calorie"?

calorie

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Carbohydrates are one of the three main macronutrients, along with proteins and fats, that provide energy to the body. They are found in a wide variety of foods, including fruits, vegetables, grains, and dairy products. Carbohydrates are classified into three main types: sugars, starches, and fiber. Sugars are simple carbohydrates found in fruits, vegetables, and dairy products, as well as in processed foods like candy and soda. Starches are complex carbohydrates found in foods like potatoes, rice, bread, and pasta. Fiber, also a complex carbohydrate, is found in plant-based foods like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes, and it aids in digestion. Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which is used by the body's cells for energy, especially for the brain and muscles during physical activity. A balanced intake of carbohydrates is important for overall health, supporting functions like energy production, digestion, and nutrient absorption.

What is "carbohydrate"?

carbohydrate

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Fat is a substance obtained from animals or plants and processed for use in cooking. It is commonly used to add flavor, texture, and richness to dishes. Examples include butter, lard, and various vegetable oils. Fat plays a crucial role in cooking by helping to conduct heat, enhance flavors, and create tender and moist textures in food.

What is "fat"?

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Minerals are essential nutrients that the body needs in small amounts to function properly. They play crucial roles in various bodily processes, including building strong bones and teeth, controlling the amount of water in the body, supporting nerve function, and maintaining healthy metabolism. There are two main categories of minerals: macro-minerals, which are needed in larger quantities, and trace minerals, which are required in smaller amounts. Common macro-minerals include calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, and chloride, while examples of trace minerals include iron, zinc, copper, selenium, iodine, and chromium. These minerals are obtained through the diet, primarily from foods like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds, dairy products, and lean meats.

What is "mineral"?

mineral

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A nutrient is a substance that provides nourishment essential for the growth, maintenance, and repair of the body. Nutrients include carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water, all of which play vital roles in various physiological processes. Carbohydrates serve as the body's primary source of energy, proteins are essential for building and repairing tissues, fats provide energy and support cell function, vitamins and minerals facilitate numerous metabolic functions, and water is necessary for hydration and the transportation of nutrients throughout the body. Consuming a balanced diet rich in nutrients is crucial for overall health and well-being.

What is a "nutrient"?

nutrient

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Proteins are essential nutrients made up of amino acids, which are necessary for the body to function properly. They play a key role in building and repairing tissues, making enzymes and hormones, and supporting immune function. Proteins are found in a variety of foods, including meat, fish, eggs, dairy products, beans, nuts, and seeds. They can be classified as complete or incomplete proteins based on their amino acid content; complete proteins, which are found in animal products and some plant sources like quinoa and soy, contain all the essential amino acids the body needs.

What is "protein"?

protein

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Salt is a mineral compound composed of sodium and chlorine ions. It is one of the most commonly used seasonings and food preservatives worldwide. Salt is essential for human health, playing a crucial role in regulating fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contraction. In food preparation, salt is used to enhance flavor, balance sweetness, and inhibit the growth of microorganisms, thereby acting as a natural preservative. It is utilized in a wide variety of culinary applications, including cooking, baking, pickling, and curing. While salt is essential in moderate amounts, excessive consumption can contribute to health issues such as hypertension and cardiovascular disease.

What is "salt"?

salt

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Sugar is a sweet-tasting substance that comes in various forms, such as granulated, powdered, or brown. It is derived from plants, typically sugarcane or sugar beets, and is used to sweeten foods and beverages. Sugar is a simple carbohydrate that provides quick energy to the body. It is commonly used in baking, cooking, and making sweet treats like cookies, cakes, and candies. However, it is essential to consume sugar in moderation as excessive intake can lead to health issues such as obesity and tooth decay.

What is "sugar"?

sugar

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Vitamins are essential nutrients that the body needs in small amounts to function properly. They play crucial roles in various bodily processes, including supporting growth, maintaining healthy skin, boosting immunity, and assisting in metabolism. There are 13 essential vitamins, each with its own specific functions and sources. These include vitamins A, B, which includes several individual B vitamins, C, D, E, and K. Vitamins are obtained through the diet, primarily from fruits, vegetables, whole grains, dairy products, and meats.

What is "vitamin"?

vitamin

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to eat

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life cycle

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to transport

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to refrigerate

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to produce

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to recycle

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to throw away

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package

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eco-friendly

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energy-efficient

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greenhouse gas

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global warming

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rubbish dump

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recycling center

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food mile

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to grow

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Here you will find the vocabulary from Unit 3 - 3A in the Insight Pre-Intermediate coursebook, such as "nutrient", "life cycle", "transport", etc.

Insight Pre-Intermediate "Unit 3 - 3A" Лексика