used to indicate the placement or arrangement of things next to a long surface or line

dọc theo, dọc
the land close to a sea, ocean, or lake

bờ biển, duyên hải
to cover a significant distance or expanse

trải dài, kéo dài
the pointed or extreme end of an object

đầu nhọn, mũi
used to show that something happened or is true, even though there was a difficulty or obstacle that might have prevented it

mặc dù, bất chấp
used to describe the typical or average value or amount based on a set of data or observations

trung bình
the way the land, water, and other natural parts of an area are shaped and arranged

địa lý, cấu trúc địa lý
an area of scenery visible in a single view

phong cảnh, toàn cảnh
extremely interesting or captivating

hấp dẫn, lôi cuốn
a society that has developed its own culture and institutions in a particular period of time or place

nền văn minh, xã hội
the act of taking control of another country and sending people to settle there

thuộc địa hóa
the state of being free from the control of others

độc lập, tự chủ
the act of arriving at a place from somewhere else

sự đến, sự tới
relating to the original inhabitants of a particular region or country, who have distinct cultural, social, and historical ties to that land

bản địa, thổ dân
the city or town that is considered to be the political center of a country or state, from which the government operates

thủ đô
a confrontation or clash between opposing groups or individuals

xung đột, cuộc đối đầu
someone who starts or creates something like a company or organization

người sáng lập, nhà sáng lập
a remarkable natural feature or phenomenon that is extraordinary or awe-inspiring

kỳ quan thiên nhiên, hiện tượng tự nhiên kỳ diệu
showing a variety of distinct types or qualities

đa dạng, nhiều loại
places that tourists are interested in, particularly those with historical, cultural, or natural significance

các điểm tham quan, thắng cảnh
a flat expanse of salt left by the evaporation of a body of salt water

đồng muối, cánh đồng muối phẳng
a mountain with an opening on its top, from which melted rock and ash can be pushed out into the air

núi lửa, ngọn núi lửa
a natural hot spring that periodically erupts with a column of boiling water and steam due to underground volcanic activity

mạch nước phun, suối nước nóng tự nhiên phun trào định kỳ
to be the most noticeable or influential person or thing in a situation

thống trị, vượt trội
having an impressive height

ấn tượng, khổng lồ
a situation or a chance where doing or achieving something particular becomes possible or easier

cơ hội, dịp
the pointed top of a mountain

đỉnh, chóp
a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains

sông băng, băng vĩnh cửu
the place where someone or something is headed

điểm đến
a person who searchers for and enjoys taking risks, particularly in unfamiliar or dangerous situations

nhà thám hiểm, người phiêu lưu
a group of mountains or hills in a line

dãy núi, rặng núi
the boundary between land and water, particularly as seen on a map or from above

bờ biển, đường bờ biển
a large black-and-white seabird that lives in the Antarctic, and can not fly but uses its wings for swimming

chim cánh cụt, chim biển không bay
a large sea animal with flippers that eats fish, can live on land and in water, and is hunted by humans for its fur

hải cẩu, sư tử biển
an overall, conscious recognition or understanding of a situation, feeling, or environment

cảm giác, nhận thức
to combine different substances together

trộn, kết hợp
to occur at a specific time or location
a traditional dance passed through generations, often tied to a specific culture or region

điệu múa dân gian, điệu múa truyền thống
the period of time when two people are getting to know each other romantically with the intention of getting married

thời gian tìm hiểu, thời gian tán tỉnh
the popular fashion including hairstyle, clothes, etc. particular to a country or class

trang phục, trang phục truyền thống
a method or style of cooking that is specific to a country or region

ẩm thực
to soak food in a seasoned liquid, typically containing oil, vinegar, herbs, and spices, to enhance its flavor and softness before cooking

ướp, ngâm
any fruit with a sour taste, such as oranges, limes, and tangerines

trái cây có múi, cam quýt
a dish of vegetables or meat cooked at a low temperature in liquid in a closed container

món hầm, món ninh
an egg boiled gently until both the white and the yolk solidify

trứng luộc chín
a structure or a place that is historically important

danh thắng, di tích lịch sử
difficult or impossible to comprehend or explain

bí ẩn, huyền bí
a large object created to look like a person or animal from hard materials such as stone, metal, or wood

tượng, tác phẩm điêu khắc
to shape or create by cutting or sculpting, often using tools or a sharp instrument

khắc, chạm trổ
a person or animal that resides in a particular place

cư dân, người ở
to confuse someone, often by presenting something mysterious or difficult to understand

làm bối rối, làm khó hiểu
someone who studies or records historical events

nhà sử học, sử gia
extremely large or heavy

đồ sộ, khổng lồ
resources (actual and potential) supplied by nature

tài nguyên thiên nhiên, tài nguyên thiên nhiên
a metallic chemical element that has a red-brown color, primarily used as a conductor in wiring

đồng, kim loại đỏ
remaining constant or steady over time

ổn định, bền vững
the level of wealth, welfare, comfort, and necessities available to an individual, group, country, etc.
a piece of land on which grapes are grown to make wine

vườn nho
