
(khó khăn)
eo biển
a narrow passage of water connecting two larger bodies of water, often linking two seas or an inlet with a larger expanse of water

(sông băng)
tảng băng
a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains

(savanne)
thảo nguyên
an expansive flat land covered in grass, scattered with trees, and found in tropical or subtropical areas

(đường meridian)
đường kinh tuyến
one of the imaginary lines between the North Pole and the South Pole, drawn on maps to help pinpoint a location

(đặc điểm địa lý)
địa hình
the arrangement of the natural and artificial physical features of an area, including elevation, slope, landforms, and bodies of water

(nghệ thuật bản đồ)
bản đồ học
a branch of science and art that consists of creating maps
Cartography is the art and science of making maps. It involves designing and creating visual representations of geographic areas, such as countries, cities, or specific locations. Cartographers use various tools and techniques to accurately depict features like mountains, rivers, roads, and landmarks. The goal of cartography is to provide clear and useful maps that help people understand and navigate different places.

(đảo san hô)
rạn san hô hình nhẫn
a circular coral reef with a lagoon in the middle

(suối)
kênh
a narrow, shallow watercourse, often flowing through a confined natural channel

(hạ lưu)
nhánh sông
a watercourse that flows into a larger river or body of water

(vùng ngập nước)
đầm lầy
an area of soft, wet, low-lying land, typically characterized by grasses and other non-woody plants, and often found at the edges of lakes, rivers, or coastal areas

(vách đá)
dốc đứng
a steep, high slope or cliff formed by erosion

(gò)
đồi
a hill with steep, flat sides and a flat top, often found in desert areas

(cascadet)
thác nước
a large waterfall where water rushes forcefully over a height

(hố núi lửa)
miệng núi lửa
the round top of a volcano

(hài nước)
cửa sông
the part of a river that is wide and where it meets the sea

(phần nước biển quanh co)
vịnh hẹp
a steep, deep, and narrow sea inlet surrounded by tall cliffs, created by a glacier

(nhánh phun)
suối phun nước
a natural hot spring that periodically erupts with a column of boiling water and steam due to underground volcanic activity

(khu vực đất hẹp)
đường nối
a narrow piece of land with water on each side that connects two larger areas

(lagoon)
đầm phá
a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water, often by a barrier island, coral reef, or sandbar

(mặt đá cheo leo)
vách đá
a steep cliff or edge of a rock face, often with a significant drop

(hẻm núi)
khe sâu
a deep narrow valley with steep sides, usually worn by a stream

(cao độ)
độ cao
the distance between an object or point and sea level

(gò)
đồi nhỏ
a small, rounded hill or mound, often found in a grassy or wooded area

(mặt đất)
địa hình
an area of land, particularly in reference to its physical or natural features

(hòn đá lớn)
tảng đá
a large rock, usually one that has been shaped by natural forces such as water or ice

(bờ biển sỏi)
bãi sỏi
a beach or shoreline covered with small, smooth, rounded stones or pebbles, typically found along coasts or riverbanks

(nhô)
mũi đất
a large, pointed piece of land that extends into a sea, ocean, or other large body of water
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