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entropy

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Đóng

Đăng nhập

(độ hỗn loạn)

nhiệt động lực học

a thermodynamic measure of the degree of disorder or randomness in a system, denoted by S

Ví dụ

Click on words

When ice melts into water at a higher temperature, the entropy of the system increases.

Gas molecules in a container have higher entropy than the same molecules in a more ordered liquid state.

solute

Danh từ

s

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(chất hòa tan)

chất tan

a substance that is dissolved in a solvent, resulting in a solution

reactant

Danh từ

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t

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t

(chất phản ứng)

chất tham gia

a substance that takes part in and undergoes a chemical reaction, leading to the formation of new products

catalyst

Danh từ

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s

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(catalyst)

chất xúc tác

(chemistry) a substance that causes a chemical reaction to happen at a faster rate without undergoing any chemical change itself

anticatalyst

catalysis

Danh từ

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s

(xúc tác học)

sự xúc tác

the acceleration or facilitation of a chemical reaction by a substance (catalyst) that remains unchanged at the end of the reaction

Thông Tin Ngữ Pháp:

Hình thức số nhiều

catalyses

covalent bond

Danh từ

/kˈoʊveɪlənt bˈɑːnd/

(liên kết cộng hóa trị)

covalent bond

a chemical bond where atoms share electrons to form a stable molecule

Thông Tin Ngữ Pháp:

Danh Từ Ghép

isomer

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(đồng phân)

isome

any of two or more compounds having the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms and, consequently, different properties

polymer

Danh từ

p

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m

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(hợp chất cao phân tử)

polyme

a large molecule composed of repeating structural units, or monomers, covalently bonded together in a chain-like structure

monomer

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(môn ô me)

monome

a molecule that can chemically bond with other molecules to form a polymer

hydrocarbon

Danh từ

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oʊ

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(Hợp chất hydro và carbon)

hydrocarbon

a compound composed of hydrogen and carbon atoms, with the simplest form being alkanes, alkenes, or alkynes

ester

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t

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(este)

ester

a chemical compound derived from the reaction between an alcohol and an organic acid, typically with the elimination of water

aldehyde

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d

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h

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aɪ

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(andehit)

aldehyde

an organic compound with a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to a hydrogen atom and another carbon atom, commonly found in essential oils and used in various chemical processes

alcohol

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(cồn)

rượu

a compound with a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a carbon atom, widely used as solvents, fuels, and in pharmaceutical and chemical synthesis

ketone

Danh từ

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oʊ

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(chất xeton)

xeton

an organic compound with a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two carbon atoms, commonly found in solvents, pharmaceuticals, and flavorings

oxidation-reduction

Danh từ

/ˌɑːksɪdˈeɪʃənɹɪdˈʌkʃən/

(phản ứng khử oxy)

phản ứng oxy hóa khử

a chemical reaction where electrons are transferred between substances

molarity

Danh từ

m

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(nồng độ mol)

molarity

the concentration of a solute in a solution, measured in moles per liter (mol/L or M)

electrolyte

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(điện giải)

chất điện phân

a substance that, when dissolved in a solution, produces ions and enables the conduction of electric current

colloid

Danh từ

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(hỗn dịch)

huyền phù

a mixture where small particles of one substance are evenly dispersed in another substance, typically intermediate in size between solution and suspension particles

corrosion

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n

(sự hoại rỉ)

sự ăn mòn

the gradual destruction of materials by chemical reaction, usually of metals

alkali

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(chất kiềm)

kiềm

any substance with a pH of more than seven that neutralizes acids creating salt and water

ammonia

Danh từ

a

ə

mm

m

o

oʊ

n

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j

a

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(nhơn thể)

amoniac

a gas with a strong smell that dissolves in water to give a strongly alkaline solution

alloy

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( hợp kim giữa hai hoặc nhiều kim loại)

hợp kim

a combination of two or more metals, creating a metal that is usually stronger or more resistant

halogen

Danh từ

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(nguyên tố halogen)

halogen

a type of chemical element found in Group 17 of the periodic table, known for being highly reactive and commonly used in disinfectants and lights

isotope

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(isotope)

đồng vị

each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, leading to variation in atomic mass

noble gas

Danh từ

/nˈoʊbəl ɡˈæs/

(khí hiếm)

khí qu noble

any of the elements in Group 18 of the periodic table, including helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, characterized by their inert nature and stable electron configurations

Thông Tin Ngữ Pháp:

Danh Từ Ghép

emulsion

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ʃ

io

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(hỗn hợp nhũ)

nhũ tương

a mixture of two liquids where tiny droplets of one are evenly dispersed in the other, like oil in water

half-life

Danh từ

/hˈæf lˈaɪf/

(nửa đời)

chu kỳ bán rã

the time required for half of a quantity of a substance to undergo a change or decay, typically in the context of radioactive decay or chemical reactions

depleted uranium

Danh từ

/dɪplˈiːɾᵻd jʊɹˈeɪniəm/

(uranium đã suy giảm)

uranium đã khử

a type of uranium that has most of its more radioactive isotopes removed, primarily used for armor-piercing ammunition and shielding

Thông Tin Ngữ Pháp:

Danh Từ Ghép

solvent

Danh từ

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v

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t

(chất hòa tan)

dung môi

a liquid that is capable of dissolving another substance

charged

Tính từ

ch

ʧ

a

ɑ

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g

ʤ

e

d

(có điện)

bị tích điện

having an electric charge

uncharged

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