Society

stratum

名词

/stræ.təm/ or /strā.tēm/

s

s

t

t

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r

a

æ

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u

ə

m

m

(社会层次)

社会阶层

a group of people with similar social standing, education, or income

old money

名词

/ˈoʊld mˈʌni/

(显赫家族财富)

老钱

wealth that has been inherited and not earned

nobility

名词

/noʊ.bɪ.lə.ti/ or /nooo.bi.lē.ti/

n

n

o

oʊ

b

b

i

ɪ

l

l

i

ə

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t

y

i

(高贵阶层)

贵族

the class of people with the highest social or political ranks and titles

caste

名词

/kæst/ or /kāst/

c

k

a

æ

s

s

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t

e

(等级制度)

种姓

a form of social classification in Hinduism, characterized by social status and relative degrees of ritual purity or pollution

supremacist

名词

/sup.rɛ.mə.sɪst/ or /soop.re.mē.sist/

s

s

u

u

p

p

r

r

e

ɛ

m

m

a

ə

c

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i

ɪ

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t

t

(优越主义者)

至上主义者

someone who believes that a particular group of people, especially one determined by sex, religion, or race, is better than other groups and should dominate them

overlord

名词

/ˈoʊvɝˌɫɔɹd/

(统治者)

霸主

someone who is in a position of power, especially in the past

multiculturalism

名词

/məl.ti.kəl.ʧɜ.rə.lɪ.zəm/ or /mēl.ti.kēl.chē.rē.li.zēm/

m

m

u

ə

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k

u

ə

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t

ʧ

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ɜ

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ə

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l

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ɪ

s

z

ə

m

m

(文化多样性)

多元文化主义

the belief that cultural diversity within a society should be respected

civic

形容词

/sɪ.vɪk/ or /si.vik/

c

s

i

ɪ

v

v

i

ɪ

c

k

(公民的)

市民的

relating to the activities or duties of individuals concerning their town, city, or local area

social contract

名词

/sˈoʊʃəl kˈɑːntɹækt/

(社会合同)

社会契约

an implicit agreement among citizens about collaboration in a way that benefits everyone in the society

collective

形容词

/kə.lɛk.tɪv/ or /kē.lek.tiv/

c

k

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ə

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ɛ

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(共同的)

集体的

involving, done, or shared by all members of a group

microaggression

名词

/maɪk.roʊ.əg.rɛ.ʃən/ or /maik.rooo.ēg.re.shēn/

m

m

i

aɪ

c

k

r

r

oa

oʊa

gg

g

r

r

e

ɛ

ss

ʃ

io

ə

n

n

(微层压)

微侵犯

any remark, comment, act, or statement that consciously or unconsciously expresses prejudice or discrimination against a group or member of society

ethnic

形容词

/ɛθ.nɪk/ or /eth.nik/

e

ɛ

th

θ

n

n

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ɪ

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k

(种族的)

民族的

relating to a group of people with shared culture, tradition, history, language, etc.

gender binary

名词

/dʒˈɛndɚ bˈaɪnɚɹi/

(性别二元分类)

性别二元论

a method of gender classification that categorizes all people into either male or female

masculinity

名词

/mæsk.jə.lɪ.nə.ti/ or /māsk.yē.li.nē.ti/

m

m

a

æ

s

s

c

k

u

j

ə

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l

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ɪ

n

n

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ə

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y

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(阳刚之气)

男性气质

the qualities or attributes that are considered to be typical of or suitable for men

femininity

名词

/fɛ.mə.nɪ.nə.ti/ or /fe.mē.ni.nē.ti/

f

f

e

ɛ

m

m

i

ə

n

n

i

ɪ

n

n

i

ə

t

t

y

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(女性气质)

女性特质

the qualities or attributes that are considered to be typical of or suitable for women

gender identity

名词

/dʒˈɛndɚɹ aɪdˈɛntɪɾi/

(性别身份)

性别认同

a person's perception of their own gender, which may differ from the gender they were identified with at birth

bisexual

形容词

/baɪ.sɛ.kʃuəl/ or /bai.se.kshooēl/

b

b

i

aɪ

s

s

e

ɛ

x

kʃ

ua

uə

l

l

(双性别的)

双性恋的

(of a person) having a sexual attraction to people of both their own gender and other genders

non-binary

形容词

/nˈɑːnbˈaɪnɚɹi/

(非二进制的)

非二元的

related to someone whose gender identity does not fit in the traditional binary categories of male or female

asexual

形容词

/ə.sɛ.kʃuəl/ or /ē.se.kshooēl/

a

eɪ

s

s

e

ɛ

x

ks

u

ju

a

ə

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l

(无性别的)

无性恋的

(of a person) having no sexual interests or not experiencing any sexual attraction

cisgender

形容词

/sɪs.ʤɛn.dər/ or /sis.jen.dēr/

c

s

i

ɪ

s

s

g

ʤ

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ɛ

n

n

d

d

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ə

r

r

(顺性别者的)

顺性别的

related to or describing a person whose sense of gender matches their biological sex

transvestite

名词

/trænz.vɛs.taɪt/ or /trānz.ves.tait/

t

t

r

r

a

æ

n

n

s

z

v

v

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ɛ

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aɪ

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(变装者)

易装者

someone who enjoys wearing clothes that are usually worn by the opposite sex

transgender

形容词

/trænz.ʤɛn.dɜr/ or /trānz.jen.dēr/

t

t

r

r

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æ

n

n

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ʤ

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ɛ

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n

d

d

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ɜ

r

r

(变性人的)

跨性别的

describing or relating to someone whose gender identity does not correspond with their birth sex

transsexual

形容词

/træn.sɛ.kʃjuəl/ or /trān.se.kshyooēl/

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t

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æ

n

n

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(跨性别的)

变性者的

describing or relating to a transgender person, especially one whose bodily traits have been modified through a surgical operation or hormone therapy to align them with their gender identity

gender-fluid

形容词

/dʒˈɛndɚflˈuːɪd/

(性别不稳定的)

性别流动的

relating to someone whose gender identity is unstable and can change over time

LGBTQ

形容词

/ˌɛldʒˌiːbˈiːtˌiːkjˈuː/

(LGBTQ群体的)

LGBTQ的

lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning

intersex

名词

/ɪn.tər.sɛks/ or /in.tēr.seks/

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ɪ

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(中性)

双性

the state of having the sex organs or other sexual features of both genders

pansexual

形容词

/pæn.sɛ.kʃuəl/ or /pān.se.kshooēl/

p

p

a

æ

n

n

s

s

e

ɛ

x

kʃ

u

u:

a

ə

l

l

(泛性恋的)

全性恋的

related to a person who is sexually and emotionally attracted to people regardless of their gender or sex