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A biopsy is a medical procedure where a small sample of tissue is taken from the body to be examined under a microscope. This is done to diagnose diseases, such as cancer, or to evaluate the seriousness of a condition. The tissue sample can be taken from almost any part of the body using a needle, endoscope, or during surgery. Biopsies help doctors understand the cause of symptoms, decide on the best treatment plan, and check the effectiveness of the treatment. Depending on the area being examined, the procedure might be quick and simple, or it may require more preparation and recovery time.

A catheter is a flexible tube that is inserted into the body to remove fluids or deliver medications directly into organs or veins. Commonly used in medical procedures, catheters can be made of materials like rubber, plastic, or silicone. They are essential in various medical treatments, including emptying the bladder, giving medications or fluids, measuring bodily functions such as blood pressure in veins or arteries, and examining and treating heart conditions. Proper use and maintenance of catheters are crucial to prevent infections and make sure that treatment is effective.

A sanitarium is a facility that provides long-term care and treatment for individuals with chronic illnesses, disabilities, or mental health conditions. Sanitariums may focus on specific conditions such as tuberculosis, chronic illnesses, or psychiatric disorders. They provide a healing setting with medical supervision, therapy sessions, and activities aimed at improving patients' overall health and quality of life.

Psychosis is a mental health condition characterized by a disconnection from reality, which can include hallucinations, delusions, and confused thinking. Hallucinations involve seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there, while delusions are false beliefs that are firmly believed in despite evidence to the contrary. People experiencing psychosis may also have disorganized thoughts and speech, as well as difficulty concentrating or focusing. Psychosis can be a symptom of various mental health disorders, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or severe depression, or it can be caused by substance abuse or medical conditions. Treatment typically involves medication, therapy, and support to manage symptoms and improve functioning.

Neurosis is a mental condition characterized by constant anxiety, worry, and stress that is not caused by physical illness. People experiencing neurosis may feel constantly tense or overwhelmed by their emotions. This condition can interfere with daily functioning and overall well-being, leading to difficulties in managing responsibilities, relationships, and self-care. Treatment for neurosis often involves therapy to help individuals understand and cope with their anxious thoughts and behaviors, as well as develop healthy coping strategies to reduce stress and improve quality of life.

Mindfulness is a mental practice that involves focusing on the present moment, encouraging individuals to observe and accept their thoughts, feelings, and sensations without reacting to them. Mindfulness techniques often include meditation, breathing exercises, and mental imagery to achieve awareness and acceptance of one's experiences. The goal of mindfulness is to create a state of calmness, understanding, and clear thinking, which can help reduce stress, enhance self-awareness, and improve overall well-being. Mindfulness practices come from ancient meditation traditions but have become popular in modern approaches for managing stress, anxiety, and improving mental strength.

An antidote is a substance or treatment given to neutralize the effects of a poison or toxic substance in the body. It helps to reduce or reverse the harmful effects caused by the poison. Antidotes are given in emergency situations to prevent serious harm to the affected individual, and their effectiveness depends on the specific poison harming an individual and how quickly they are given to help the individual.

Rehab refers to a structured treatment program designed to help individuals recover from addiction to alcohol or drugs. These programs can be inpatient, where patients live at the facility, or outpatient, where patients visit the facility regularly but live at home. Rehab typically involves a combination of medical care, counseling, therapy, and support groups to address both the physical and psychological aspects of addiction. The goal of rehab is to help individuals achieve and maintain sobriety, develop healthier coping mechanisms, and improve their overall well-being.

Dosage refers to the amount of medication or treatment prescribed to be taken at one time or over a period of time. It specifies how much of a drug should be taken, how often it should be taken, and for how long. Proper dosage is important to ensure the medication is effective while minimizing the risk of side effects or overdose.