单元 2 - 2A

A cake is a baked dessert that is typically made from a mixture of flour, sugar, eggs, butter, and other ingredients, such as baking powder, milk, or flavorings. The ingredients are mixed together to form a batter, which is then poured into a cake pan and baked until it is golden brown and cooked through. Cakes can come in a variety of shapes, sizes, and flavors, ranging from simple sheet cakes to multi-tiered wedding cakes. They can be decorated with frosting, fondant, or other toppings, such as fresh fruit, flowers, or candy. Cakes are a beloved dessert all over the world and are often served to celebrate special occasions, such as birthdays, weddings, and holidays.

A card is one of the 52 individual pieces in a standard deck of playing cards. Each card has two main features: a suit and a rank. The four suits are hearts, diamonds, clubs, and spades, and each suit has 13 ranks, including numbers 2 through 10, along with a jack, queen, king, and ace. Cards are used in a variety of card games, with each game having different rules for how the cards are played and valued. Depending on the game, a card’s rank and its suit determine how it interacts with other cards during play.

A stamp is a small piece of paper, typically with adhesive on one side, that is used to pay for the delivery of mail. It is usually attached to an envelope or package and serves as proof that postage has been paid. Stamps often feature images, designs, or text, and their value is marked on them, indicating the amount of postage they cover. Stamps are commonly available for purchase at post offices and can vary in price depending on the size, weight, and destination of the mail. They are essential for mailing items through the postal system.

Clothes are items made of textiles, animal skin, or other materials worn on the body for warmth, protection, or fashion purposes. Clothes come in various styles, colors, and sizes, and they are often designed to reflect cultural or social trends. They can include everyday items such as t-shirts, jeans, and sneakers, as well as formal wear such as suits, dresses, and high heels. Clothes can be accessorized with jewelry, belts, hats, and scarves, and they are often used to express individuality, cultural identity, or status. Clothes are an essential aspect of human culture and have been worn for thousands of years, evolving with time and technology.

A magazine is a regularly published publication that contains a collection of articles, features, photographs, and advertisements on various topics. Magazines are typically released weekly, monthly, or quarterly and are designed to be read over a short period. They often focus on specific subjects, such as fashion, technology, news, entertainment, sports, or hobbies, and are available in both print and digital formats. Magazines aim to provide timely and engaging content to keep readers informed and entertained.

Social media refers to online platforms and websites that allow users to create, share, and interact with content, as well as connect with others. These platforms enable people to post messages, photos, videos, and other types of content, and engage with others through comments, likes, shares, or follows. Social media has become a key tool for communication, entertainment, news, and marketing. Social media has transformed how people connect, share information, and participate in online communities.

Ballet is a classical dance form known for its grace, precision, and disciplined technique. It originated during the Italian Renaissance and later developed in France and Russia, becoming a highly respected art form. Ballet is characterized by its use of formalized steps, fluid movements, and elegant poses, often performed to orchestral music. Dancers typically wear specialized footwear called pointe shoes, allowing them to dance on the tips of their toes. Ballet is performed in both solo and group settings, often telling stories through expressive choreography, and remains a key part of the performing arts.

Basketball is a team sport played between two teams of five players each, on a rectangular court with a hoop at each end. The objective is to score points by shooting a ball through the opponent's hoop, which is typically suspended 10 feet above the ground. Players can move the ball by dribbling or passing it to teammates, and they must work together to defend their hoop while trying to score. The game is played in four quarters, and the team with the most points at the end wins. Basketball is known for its fast pace, athleticism, and teamwork, and is played professionally in leagues like the NBA.

Bicycle motocross (BMX) is a type of cycling sport where riders race on dirt tracks with jumps, sharp turns, and other obstacles. Riders use lightweight bikes with rough tires made for off-road terrain. BMX races usually involve short sprints, with competitors trying to complete a set number of laps in the fastest time. The sport also includes events where riders perform tricks and stunts on flat ground or ramps.

A board game is a game played on a flat surface, usually involving a printed board, pieces, and sometimes cards or dice. It is typically designed for two or more players, with rules that guide how to move the pieces or make decisions during the game. Board games can focus on strategy, chance, or a combination of both, and are used for entertainment, learning, or social interaction. They are often enjoyed at home, parties, or gatherings and can range from simple games for children to complex ones for adults.

Bowling is a sport where players roll a heavy ball down a lane to knock down pins arranged in a triangular formation at the end. The objective is to knock down as many pins as possible with a limited number of rolls, usually two per turn. In ten-pin bowling, players take turns trying to knock down all ten pins. If a player knocks down all the pins with one roll, it is called a strike. If they knock down all the pins with two rolls, it is called a spare. The game is typically played in frames, and the player with the most pins knocked down at the end wins.

Chess is a two-player strategy board game played on an 8x8 grid, where each player starts with 16 pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two knights, two bishops, and eight pawns. The objective is to checkmate the opponent’s king, meaning the king is in a position where it cannot escape capture. Each type of piece moves in specific ways: the king moves one square in any direction, the queen moves in any number of squares along a row, column, or diagonal, and the other pieces have their own unique movements. Players take turns moving their pieces, with the game requiring both tactical planning and strategy. The game ends when one player checkmates the other’s king, or a draw is declared.

Gymnastics is a sport that involves performing exercises and routines that require strength, flexibility, balance, and coordination. Athletes in gymnastics perform on various apparatuses such as the vault, balance beam, floor, and uneven bars for women, and the pommel horse, rings, parallel bars, and high bar for men. The sport is known for its precision, fluid movements, and ability to combine acrobatics with artistic performance. Gymnastics is featured in major competitions like the Olympic Games, where athletes compete individually or as part of a team, showcasing their abilities in both technical and creative routines.

Ice skating is a sport or recreational activity where a person glides on ice using special footwear called skates, which have metal blades on the bottom. It can be done on frozen lakes, outdoor rinks, or indoor arenas. There are different types of ice skating, including figure skating, where skaters perform jumps, spins, and routines, and speed skating, which focuses on racing. Ice skating requires balance and coordination, as skaters need to control their speed and direction while moving on the slippery surface. It is enjoyed by people of all ages and is a popular winter activity.

Skateboarding is a sport or recreational activity where individuals ride and perform tricks on a skateboard, which consists of a flat wooden board mounted on four wheels. Skaters use their feet to push, steer, and perform jumps, spins, and slides on various surfaces, including streets, ramps, and skate parks. The sport includes several styles, such as street skating, where skaters navigate obstacles like stairs and rails, and vert skating, which involves performing tricks on half-pipes or ramps. Skateboarding requires balance, coordination, and creativity, and it is popular both as a form of transportation and a competitive sport.

Table tennis, also known as ping pong, is a fast-paced sport played on a rectangular table with a net across the middle. Players use small paddles to hit a lightweight ball back and forth over the net. The goal is to score points by making the ball land in the opponent's side of the table in such a way that they cannot return it. Points are earned when the opponent fails to hit the ball, or it lands outside the playing area. The game is played in singles or doubles, and it involves quick reflexes, precision, and strategy.

Volleyball is a team sport played between two teams, typically of six players each, on a rectangular court divided by a net. The objective is to score points by sending the ball over the net and into the opponent's side of the court, while preventing the opposing team from returning the ball. Players use their hands to hit the ball, and each team is allowed three touches before the ball must be sent over the net. The game is played in sets, and the team that wins the most sets wins the match. Volleyball is known for its fast-paced action, teamwork, and skillful play.