An index is a list of key terms, subjects, or topics mentioned in a book, usually found at the end. It is organized alphabetically and provides page numbers where each item can be found within the text. The index helps readers quickly locate specific information or topics in the book, making it easier to navigate large or detailed works. It is commonly used in nonfiction books, academic texts, and reference materials.

What is an "index"?

index

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A bibliography is a list of sources, such as books, articles, and other materials, that an author has referenced or consulted in the process of writing a book or document. It is usually placed at the end of the work and provides readers with the information needed to locate the original sources. The bibliography helps to credit the work of other authors and researchers, shows the research behind the text, and can guide readers to additional resources on the subject. It is commonly used in academic, non-fiction, and research-based writing.

What is a "bibliography"?

bibliography

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proposal

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Fieldwork refers to the practical work or research conducted outside of a traditional classroom or laboratory setting, often in real-world environments. It involves collecting data, making observations, or performing tasks related to a specific subject or project, such as in anthropology, sociology, or environmental studies. Fieldwork allows individuals to gather firsthand information, conduct experiments, or interact with communities or ecosystems in their natural context. It helps bridge the gap between theory and practice, offering valuable insights that cannot always be gained from textbooks or studies in controlled settings.

What is "fieldwork"?

fieldwork

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hypothesis

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literature review

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experimental variable

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replication

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paradigm

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synthesis

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confidentiality

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citation

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thesis

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A dissertation is a long and detailed written work, typically required for advanced academic degrees, where the author conducts original research on a specific topic. It presents the findings, analysis, and conclusions drawn from the research, often after years of study. Dissertations are usually more in-depth than other academic papers and aim to contribute new knowledge to the field. They are expected to demonstrate the author's expertise in the subject, as well as their ability to conduct independent research, organize complex information, and communicate their findings clearly.

What is a "dissertation"?

dissertation

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vivisection

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null hypothesis

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Here, you will learn some English words related to Research that are necessary for the Academic IELTS exam.

学术雅思“研究”词汇

Talking about Research

Research

Academic IELTS Words for "Research"