Chemistry

catalyst

名词

/kæ.tə.ləst/ or /kā.tē.lēst/

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(促进剂)

催化剂

(chemistry) a substance that causes a chemical reaction to happen at a faster rate without undergoing any chemical change itself

catalysis

名词

/kæ.tæ.lə.sɪs/ or /kā.tā.lē.sis/

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(催化反应)

催化作用

the acceleration or facilitation of a chemical reaction by a substance (catalyst) that remains unchanged at the end of the reaction

covalent bond

名词

/kˈoʊveɪlənt bˈɑːnd/

(共价结合)

共价键

a chemical bond where atoms share electrons to form a stable molecule

isomer

名词

/aɪ.sə.mɜr/ or /ai.sē.mēr/

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(同分异构体)

异构体

any of two or more compounds having the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms and, consequently, different properties

polymer

名词

/pɑ.lə.mɜr/ or /paa.lē.mēr/

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(高分子)

聚合物

a large molecule composed of repeating structural units, or monomers, covalently bonded together in a chain-like structure

monomer

名词

/mɑ.nə.mɜr/ or /maa.nē.mēr/

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(聚合物单元)

单体

a molecule that can chemically bond with other molecules to form a polymer

hydrocarbon

名词

/haɪd.roʊ.kɑr.bən/ or /haid.rooo.kaar.bēn/

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(烃)

碳氢化合物

a compound composed of hydrogen and carbon atoms, with the simplest form being alkanes, alkenes, or alkynes

ester

名词

/ɛs.tɜr/ or /es.tēr/

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(酯类化合物)

酯

a chemical compound derived from the reaction between an alcohol and an organic acid, typically with the elimination of water

aldehyde

名词

/æl.dɪ.haɪd/ or /āl.di.haid/

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(醛类化合物)

醛

an organic compound with a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to a hydrogen atom and another carbon atom, commonly found in essential oils and used in various chemical processes

alcohol

名词

/æl.kə.hɑl/ or /āl.kē.haal/

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(酒精)

醇

a compound with a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a carbon atom, widely used as solvents, fuels, and in pharmaceutical and chemical synthesis

ketone

名词

/ki.toʊn/ or /ki.tooon/

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(酮类化合物)

酮

an organic compound with a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two carbon atoms, commonly found in solvents, pharmaceuticals, and flavorings

oxidation-reduction

名词

/ˌɑːksɪdˈeɪʃənɹɪdˈʌkʃən/

(还原氧化反应)

氧化还原

a chemical reaction where electrons are transferred between substances

molarity

名词

/moʊ.læ.rɪ.ti/ or /mooo.lā.ri.ti/

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(浓度（摩尔）)

摩尔浓度

the concentration of a solute in a solution, measured in moles per liter (mol/L or M)

electrolyte

名词

/ɪ.lɛkt.rɑ.laɪt/ or /i.lekt.raa.lait/

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(电解液)

电解质

a substance that, when dissolved in a solution, produces ions and enables the conduction of electric current

enthalpy

名词

/ɛn.θæl.pi/ or /en.thāl.pi/

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(总焓)

焓

a thermodynamic quantity representing the total heat content of a system, commonly denoted as H

entropy

名词

/ɛnt.rə.pi/ or /ent.rē.pi/

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(无序度)

熵

a thermodynamic measure of the degree of disorder or randomness in a system, denoted by S

colloid

名词

/kɑ.lɔɪd/ or /kaa.lawid/

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(胶状物)

胶体

a mixture where small particles of one substance are evenly dispersed in another substance, typically intermediate in size between solution and suspension particles

alkali

名词

/æl.kə.laɪ/ or /āl.kē.lai/

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(碱性物质)

碱

any substance with a pH of more than seven that neutralizes acids creating salt and water