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参与者和角色

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learner
2-
student
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trainee
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pupil
5-
scholar
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cadet
7-
boarder
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English language learner
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exchange student
10-
fellow
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mature student
12-
absentee
13-
examinee
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candidate
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teaching assistant
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resident assistant
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junior
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senior
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matriculate
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freshman
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sophomore
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underclassman
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graduate
24-
undergraduate
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postgraduate
26-
bachelor
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valedictorian
28-
salutatorian
29-
alumna
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alumnus
31-
school-leaver
32-
polymath
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schoolchild
34-
schoolkid
35-
classmate
36-
bookworm
37-
nerd
38-
pedant
39-
prodigy
40-
studious
learner
learner
名词
l
l
ea
ɜ
r
r
n
n
e
ɜ
r
r
Spelling
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(学习者)

(学习者)

学习者

someone who is trying to learn new things or become better at doing something

Who is a "learner"?

A learner is an individual engaged in acquiring knowledge or skills. This term can refer to anyone, regardless of age, participating in learning activities. It encompasses a broad range of educational settings, from formal classrooms to informal environments, and emphasizes the process of gaining understanding or proficiency in a subject.

student
student
名词
s
s
t
t
u
u:
d
d
e
n
n
t
t
(学员)

(学员)

学生

a person who is studying at a school, university, or college

Who is a "student"?

A student is an individual formally enrolled in an educational institution, such as a school, college, or university, to pursue specific academic goals. Students attend classes, complete assignments, and often work toward earning qualifications or degrees. This term typically applies to those in structured learning environments, especially at higher levels of education.

trainee
trainee
名词
t
t
r
r
ai
n
n
ee
i
(实习生)

(实习生)

受训者

a person who is being trained for a particular job or profession

Who is a "trainee"?

A trainee is someone undergoing practical training for a particular job or skill, usually within a professional or work-related context. Trainees typically learn through hands-on experience, often as part of an apprenticeship or internship. This role focuses on developing specific abilities necessary for a career or specialized field, rather than academic study.

pupil
pupil
名词
p
p
u
ju:
p
p
i
ə
l
l
(学员)

(学员)

学生

a student, typically in a school or educational setting, who is learning under the guidance of a teacher

Who is a "pupil"?

A pupil is a young person, usually in elementary school, middle school, or high school, who receives instruction from a teacher. The term is most commonly used to describe children or adolescents engaged in the early or intermediate stages of formal education. Pupils often follow a structured curriculum designed to build foundational knowledge and skills.

scholar
名词
s
s
ch
k
o
ɑ
l
l
a
ɜ
r
r
(研究者)

(研究者)

学者

someone who has a lot of knowledge about a particular subject, especially in the humanities

Who is a "scholar"?

A scholar is a person who is deeply involved in the study or research of a particular subject, often at an advanced level. Scholars are usually highly knowledgeable and dedicated to gaining expertise in their field. They may be involved in academic work, such as writing research papers, conducting studies, or teaching. Scholars often contribute to expanding knowledge and understanding within their area of interest, and they are typically associated with higher education or research institutions.

cadet
名词
c
k
a
ə
d
d
e
ɛ
t
t
(预备军官)

(预备军官)

军校学员

a student or trainee, especially one in a military academy or a program preparing for a career in the armed forces

Who is a "cadet"?

A cadet is a young person who is in training to become a member of a military or paramilitary organization, such as the army, navy, or police force. Cadets undergo physical and academic training to develop the skills and knowledge needed for their future roles. This training often takes place at a specialized institution or as part of a youth program. Cadets learn discipline, leadership, and teamwork while preparing for more advanced responsibilities within their chosen field.

boarder
名词
b
b
oa
ɔ
r
r
d
d
e
ɜ
r
r
(寄宿学生)

(寄宿学生)

寄宿生

a student who resides and receives lodging within the school premises during the academic term

Who is a "boarder"?

A boarder is a person, often a student, who lives at a school or institution during the term, receiving accommodation and meals as part of their education. Instead of commuting from home, boarders reside in dormitories or similar facilities provided by the school or college. This arrangement allows them to focus on their studies without needing to travel daily. Boarders usually return home during breaks or holidays.

English language learner
名词
uk flag
/ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ lˈæŋɡwɪdʒ lˈɜːnɚ/
(英语学习学生)

(英语学习学生)

英语学习者

a student who is learning English as an additional language, often in a setting where English is the primary language of instruction

What is an "English language learner"?

An English language learner (ELL) is a person, usually a student, who is in the process of learning English as a second language. ELLs may come from non-English-speaking backgrounds and are actively improving their language skills in speaking, reading, writing, and understanding English. Schools often offer special programs to help ELLs learn the language more effectively and succeed academically. The term highlights the focus on learning English for communication, education, and integration into English-speaking environments.

语法信息:

复合名词
exchange student
名词
uk flag
/ɛkstʃˈeɪndʒ stˈuːdənt/
(留学生)

(留学生)

交换生

a student who temporarily attends a school or university in another country as part of an exchange program

Who is an "exchange student"?

An exchange student is a student who temporarily studies at a school or university in a foreign country, often as part of a program that allows them to experience a different culture and education system. The exchange usually involves a reciprocal arrangement where a student from the foreign country also comes to study in the student’s home country. Exchange students live with host families or in student accommodations, and they participate in regular school activities while adapting to the new environment. This experience often helps expand their global perspective and language skills.

语法信息:

复合名词
fellow
名词
f
f
e
e
ll
l
o
w
(会员)

(会员)

院士

an individual who has been elected or appointed to membership based on their achievements and contributions to the field

Who is a "fellow"?

A fellow is an individual who has been selected or appointed to a prestigious membership or position in recognition of their significant achievements and contributions to a particular field. Fellows are often chosen based on their expertise, work, or leadership, and the title is typically granted by an academic institution, professional organization, or society. Being named a fellow is often seen as a mark of distinction, acknowledging the individual's impact and dedication to their discipline. Fellows may also participate in special activities or help guide future developments in their area of expertise.

mature student
名词
uk flag
/mətʃˈʊɹ stˈuːdənt/
(成年学生)

(成年学生)

成熟学生

an individual who pursues higher education later in life, often after a significant gap since completing secondary education

Who is a "mature student"?

A mature student is an individual who returns to education later in life, typically after a break from formal schooling or after gaining work or life experience. Mature students are often older than the typical age of most students in a given educational setting, such as university or college. They may pursue studies for various reasons, including career changes, personal development, or a desire to complete unfinished education. These students bring unique perspectives and experiences to the learning environment, often balancing their studies with family or professional responsibilities.

语法信息:

复合名词
absentee
名词
a
æ
b
b
s
s
e
ə
n
n
t
t
ee
i
(旷课者)

(旷课者)

缺席者

someone who is not present at school, work, etc. when they are supposed to be

examinee
名词
e
ɛ
x
gz
a
æ
m
m
i
ɪ
n
n
ee
i:
(应试者)

(应试者)

考生

a person who is taking an examination or test to evaluate their knowledge, skills, or abilities

candidate
名词
c
k
a
æ
n
n
d
d
i
ɪ
d
d
a
t
t
e
(申请人)

(申请人)

候选人

someone seeking admission to a program or being considered for an academic position, such as a scholarship or degree

Who is a "candidate"?

A candidate is an individual who is seeking admission to a specific program, position, or opportunity A candidate could be someone seeking admission to a program, applying for a scholarship, or being considered for a degree. Candidates often go through a selection process where their qualifications, achievements, or potential are evaluated to determine if they are suitable for the opportunity they are pursuing.

teaching assistant
名词
uk flag
/tˈiːtʃɪŋ ɐsˈɪstənt/
(教学助理)

(教学助理)

助教

a graduate or undergraduate student who assists a professor or instructor in various tasks related to teaching

Who is a "teaching assistant"?

A teaching assistant is an individual who helps a teacher or professor with various tasks in the classroom or academic setting. Teaching assistants may support by grading assignments, leading small group discussions, preparing teaching materials, or assisting with classroom management. They are often students themselves, typically in higher education, gaining experience in teaching while helping the instructor with the course. Teaching assistants play a key role in ensuring that the class runs smoothly and that students receive additional support when needed.

语法信息:

复合名词
resident assistant
名词
uk flag
/ɹˈɛzɪdənt ɐsˈɪstənt/
(居民助理)

(居民助理)

宿舍助理

a student leader who resides in a college dormitory and assists fellow students with various needs, such as resolving conflicts and enforcing rules

Who is a "resident assistant"?

A resident assistant is a person, usually a college or university student, who lives in student housing and is responsible for helping to manage and support the residential community. Resident assistants assist with enforcing housing policies, resolving conflicts among students, and providing guidance and support to fellow residents. They often plan social and educational activities to create a positive living environment. In addition, resident assistants serve as a resource for students and help ensure the safety and well-being of everyone in the residence hall.

语法信息:

复合名词
junior
junior
名词
j
ʤ
u
u:
n
n
io
r
r
(高三学生)

(高三学生)

大三学生

a student who is in the year before the last year of college or high school

Who is a "junior"?

A junior refers to a student in their third year of study in a four-year academic program, such as in high school or college. At this stage, the student has already completed most of the basic coursework and is usually focusing on more specialized subjects related to their major or field of study. Being a junior often means the student is preparing for their final year and is starting to plan for graduation or post-graduation opportunities.

senior
senior
名词
s
s
e
i:
n
n
io
r
r
(大四学生)

(大四学生)

高年级学生

a student who has one more year to graduate from a university or high school

Who is a "senior"?

A senior is a student in their fourth and final year of study in a four-year academic program, such as in high school or college. At this stage, the student has typically completed most of their required courses and is focusing on advanced or specialized subjects related to their field of study. Seniors often prepare for graduation and may begin planning for careers or further education. They may also take on leadership roles in student organizations or mentor younger students.

matriculate
名词
m
m
a
ə
t
t
r
r
i
ɪ
c
k
u
j
ə
l
l
a
t
t
e
(入学学生)

(入学学生)

新生

a person who has been officially enrolled as a student in a college or university

Who is a "matriculate"?

A matriculate is a person who has been officially accepted and enrolled in a college or university to begin their studies. This term refers to someone who has completed the application process, met the admission requirements, and is now recognized as a student at the institution. Being a matriculate means that the individual is officially registered and has started their academic journey at the school.

freshman
freshman
名词
f
f
r
r
e
ɛ
sh
ʃ
m
m
a
ə
n
n
(大一学生)

(大一学生)

新生

a high-school or university student who is in their first year of education

Who is a "freshman"?

A freshman is a student in their first year of study in a four-year academic program, such as in high school or college. Freshmen are usually adjusting to the demands of higher education and are typically focused on completing introductory courses. This year is often a time for exploration, as students begin to choose their major or area of interest. Freshmen may also become involved in campus activities and organizations as they settle into their new environment.

sophomore
sophomore
名词
s
s
o
ɑ:
ph
f
o
ə
m
m
o
ɔ:
r
r
e
(大学二年级生)

(大学二年级生)

二年级学生

a student at a high school or university in their second year of education

Who is a "sophomore"?

A sophomore is a student in their second year of study in a four-year academic program, such as in high school or college. At this stage, students have completed their introductory courses and are starting to take more specialized classes related to their field of study. Sophomores often have a better understanding of the academic expectations and campus life compared to freshmen. This year is also a time for further exploration of interests, with many students beginning to narrow their focus on a specific major or career path.

underclassman
名词
u
ʌ
n
n
d
d
e
ə
r
r
c
k
l
l
a
æ
ss
s
m
m
a
ə
n
n
(一年级学生)

(一年级学生)

低年级学生

a student who is in a lower academic year or level compared to others within the same educational institution

Who is an "underclassman"?

An underclassman is a student who is in a lower academic year or level compared to other students within the same educational institution. This term is typically used to refer to freshmen and sophomores, who are in the early years of their education. Underclassmen are often adjusting to the academic environment and may still be exploring different subjects or deciding on a specific area of study. They are usually in the process of building a foundation for their future coursework and academic growth.

语法信息:

复合名词
graduate
graduate
名词
g
g
r
r
a
æ
d
ʤ
ua
ueɪ
t
t
e
(研究生)

(研究生)

毕业生

a person who has completed the requirements for a degree from a university or college and has been awarded it

Who is a "graduate"?

A graduate is a person who has successfully completed a course of study and received a degree or diploma from a college, university, or other educational institution. This term refers to someone who has finished their academic program, such as a bachelor's, master's, or doctoral degree. A graduate has met the requirements of their program and is officially recognized as having completed their education. After graduation, individuals may enter the workforce, continue their studies, or pursue other opportunities related to their field of expertise.

undergraduate
undergraduate
名词
uk flag
/ˌʌndɚˈɡrædʒuət/
(大学本科生)

(大学本科生)

本科生

a student who is trying to complete their first degree in college or university

Who is an "undergraduate"?

An undergraduate is a student who is pursuing their first degree, typically a bachelor's degree, at a college or university. This term refers to individuals who are in the early stages of their higher education and have not yet completed their degree program. Undergraduates take a variety of courses to build a foundation in their chosen field of study. They are usually working toward completing the necessary requirements for graduation, which may include general education courses and courses related to their major.

postgraduate
postgraduate
名词
p
p
o
s
s
t
t
g
g
r
r
a
a
d
ʤ
u
u:
a
t
t
e
(研究生学员)

(研究生学员)

研究生

a graduate student who is studying at a university to get a more advanced degree

Who is a "postgraduate"?

A postgraduate is a person who is pursuing education or advanced study after completing their first degree, such as a bachelor's degree. This term typically refers to students enrolled in programs like master's or doctoral degrees. Postgraduates focus on specialized or advanced subjects in their field of interest and often engage in research, practical work, or further professional development. They are usually working toward obtaining a higher qualification than what they achieved at the undergraduate level.

bachelor
名词
b
b
a
æ
ch
ʧ
e
ə
l
l
o
ɜ
r
r
(本科生)

(本科生)

学士

someone who has completed a bachelor's degree, an undergraduate academic credential typically earned after three to four years of study

Who is a "bachelor"?

A bachelor is a person who has earned a bachelor's degree, which is typically the first level of degree awarded by colleges or universities. This degree is usually completed after around three to four years of study in a specific field, such as arts, science, or business. A bachelor's degree serves as the foundation for further education or entry into the workforce, and it signifies that the individual has met the academic requirements of their program.

valedictorian
名词
v
v
a
æ
l
l
e
ə
d
d
i
ɪ
c
k
t
t
o
ɔ
r
r
ia
n
n
(致辞者)

(致辞者)

毕业生代表

an elite student with the highest grade throughout school that gets chosen to give a speech at their graduation ceremony

Who is a "valedictorian"?

A valedictorian is the student who has achieved the highest academic standing in their graduating class. This individual typically earns the title by having the best grades or overall academic performance throughout their time in school. The valedictorian is often chosen to deliver the farewell speech, known as the valedictory address, at graduation ceremonies, where they may reflect on the experiences of the class and offer words of encouragement for the future.

salutatorian
名词
s
s
a
ə
l
l
u
u
t
t
a
ə
t
t
o
ɔ
r
r
ia
n
n
(副 salutatorian)

(副 salutatorian)

毕业典礼副主席

the student who ranks second highest academically in their graduating class and often delivers a speech at the commencement ceremony

Who is a "salutatorian"?

A salutatorian is the student who ranks second in academic achievement in their graduating class, just below the valedictorian. This individual has performed exceptionally well throughout their studies and is often selected to deliver the welcoming speech at the graduation ceremony. The salutatorian's role typically involves greeting the audience and offering a positive, encouraging message to fellow graduates.

alumna
alumna
名词
a
ə
l
l
u
ə
m
m
n
n
a
ə
(女性毕业生)

(女性毕业生)

女校友

a former female student or pupil of a school, university, or college

Who is an "alumna"?

An alumna is a female who has graduated from a particular school, college, or university. The term is used to refer to a woman who has completed a course of study and received a degree or diploma from an educational institution. It is the feminine form of "alumnus," and it is used to acknowledge a female graduate’s connection to the institution. An alumna may continue to participate in alumni activities and maintain ties with her alma mater.

语法信息:

复数形式
alumnae
alumnus
名词
a
ə
l
l
u
ə
m
m
n
n
u
ə
s
s
(毕业生)

(毕业生)

校友

a person, particularly a male one, who is a former student of a college, university, or school

Who is an "alumnus"?

An alumnus is an individual, particularly a male, who has previously attended and graduated from a particular college, university, or school. This term refers to someone who is no longer a current student but has completed their studies and earned a degree or diploma. Alumnus typically remains connected to their educational institution through alumni associations or events, often contributing to or supporting their alma mater.

语法信息:

复数形式
alumni
school-leaver
名词
uk flag
/skˈuːllˈiːvɚ/
(离校生)

(离校生)

毕业生

a person who has recently completed their education at a school and is transitioning to the next phase of their life

Who is a "school-leaver"?

A school-leaver is an individual who has completed their formal education at a school and is no longer attending. This term is often used to refer to someone who finishes high school or secondary school and moves on to work, vocational training, or further studies. A school-leaver has typically reached the required age or grade to graduate and may now be entering the workforce or exploring other opportunities.

语法信息:

复合名词
polymath
名词
p
p
o
ɑ:
l
l
y
ɪ
m
m
a
æ
th
θ
(多才多艺者)

(多才多艺者)

博学者

a person who possesses a wide range of knowledge and expertise across various disciplines

Who is a "polymath"?

A polymath is a person who has knowledge and expertise in a wide range of subjects or fields. Rather than specializing in one area, a polymath is skilled in many different disciplines, such as science, art, literature, and philosophy. These individuals are curious and often have a broad understanding of various topics, allowing them to connect ideas and make contributions across multiple areas of study. A polymath’s diverse knowledge often leads to creative or innovative solutions that might not arise from a more focused perspective.

schoolchild
schoolchild
名词
s
s
ch
k
oo
u
l
l
ch
ʧ
i
l
l
d
d
(校童)

(校童)

学生

a child who attends classes at a school

Who is a "schoolchild"?

A schoolchild is a child who is attending school and participating in formal education. This term typically refers to a young student, usually between the ages of 5 and 18, who is engaged in learning academic subjects in a school setting. Schoolchildren are in the process of acquiring knowledge and skills that will help them in their personal development and future education. The term can be used to describe students at various levels, including elementary, middle, or high school.

schoolkid
名词
s
s
ch
k
oo
u:
l
l
k
k
i
ɪ
d
d
(小学生)

(小学生)

学生

Informal

a child or young person who attends school, typically in primary or secondary education

Who is a "schoolkid"?

A schoolkid is a young person who attends school. This term is commonly used to refer to children or adolescents who are in the process of receiving formal education, typically at the primary or secondary level. A schoolkid is usually involved in learning various subjects, socializing with peers, and participating in school activities. The term is informal and emphasizes the age group of students who are still in school.

classmate
classmate
名词
c
k
l
l
a
æ
ss
s
m
m
a
t
t
e
(班级伙伴)

(班级伙伴)

同学

someone who is or was in the same class as you at school or college

bookworm
bookworm
名词
b
b
oo
ʊ
k
k
w
w
o
ɜ
r
r
m
m
(爱书的人)

(爱书的人)

书虫

a person who loves reading books and often spends a lot of time reading

nerd
名词
n
n
e
ɜ
r
r
d
d
(宅男)

(宅男)

书呆子

a student who is often perceived as socially awkward or overly studious, and may be subject to ridicule by their peers

Who is a "nerd"?

A nerd is a student who is often seen as socially awkward or overly focused on their studies or specific interests, such as academics, technology, or science. This person may spend a lot of time studying or engaging in activities that are considered less popular among their peers. As a result, they may be subject to ridicule or teasing from others. While the term has historically been used in a negative way, it can also refer to someone with deep knowledge or expertise in a particular area.

pedant
名词
p
p
e
ɛ
d
d
a
ə
n
n
t
t
(拘泥细节的人)

(拘泥细节的人)

刻舟求剑者

a person who overly emphasizes minor details or rules, often displaying a pretentious or excessive concern for academic correctness

Who is a "pedant"?

A pedant is a person who is overly concerned with small details, rules, or formalities, especially in learning or education. This individual often insists on precision or correctness in areas that others might consider less important, and may focus on showing off their knowledge, sometimes to the point of being annoying. A pedant may come across as rigid or excessively concerned with academic accuracy rather than practical understanding or social interactions.

prodigy
名词
p
p
r
r
o
ɑ
d
d
i
ə
g
ʤ
y
i
(奇才)

(奇才)

神童

a person, typically a child, who demonstrates exceptional talent or ability in a particular area, often beyond what is considered normal for their age

Who is a "prodigy"?

A prodigy is a young person who shows exceptional talent or ability in a particular area, such as music, mathematics, or sports, at an early age. This individual often performs at a level far beyond their years, demonstrating skill or knowledge that is usually seen in much older or more experienced people. A prodigy may attract attention for their extraordinary abilities, often leading to opportunities for further development and recognition in their field of expertise.

studious
形容词
s
s
t
t
u
u
d
d
iou
s
s
(勤奋的)

(勤奋的)

好学的

very passionate about studying or reading

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